Karyopherin alpha 1

Karyopherin alpha 1 (importin alpha 5)
PDB rendering based on 2jdq.
Available structures PDB 2jdq
Identifiers
Symbols	KPNA1; IPOA5; NPI-1; RCH2; SRP1
External IDs	OMIM: 600686 MGI: 103560 HomoloGene: 55642 GeneCards: KPNA1 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • protein binding • nuclear localization sequence binding • protein transporter activity Cellular component • nucleus • nuclear pore • nucleoplasm • cytoplasm • cytosol • cytosol Biological process • regulation of DNA recombination • DNA fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change • NLS-bearing substrate import into nucleus • intracellular protein transport • apoptosis • cellular component disassembly involved in apoptosis • viral reproduction • viral infectious cycle • interspecies interaction between organisms • viral genome transport in host cell Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3836	16646
Ensembl	ENSG00000114030	ENSMUSG00000022905
UniProt	P52294	Q60960
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002264.3	NM_008465.5
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002255.3	NP_032491.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 3: 122.14 – 122.23 Mb	Chr 16: 35.98 – 36.04 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Importin subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KPNA1 gene.^[1]

Recombination activating proteins RAG1 and RAG2 regulate and mediate V(D)J recombination, the process by which genes for immunoglobulins and T-cell receptors are generated. Several other ubiquitously expressed proteins are thought to be recruited in the recombination process. Among these are the genes affected in severe combined immune deficiency and genes involved in ds-DNA break repair. The protein encoded by this gene interacts with RAG1 and may play a role in V(D)J recombination^[2]

Interactions

Karyopherin alpha 1 has been shown to interact with KPNB1^[3][4] and UBR5.^[5]

References

1. ^ Cortes P, Ye ZS, Baltimore D (Sep 1994). "RAG-1 interacts with the repeated amino acid motif of the human homologue of the yeast protein SRP1". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91 (16): 7633–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.16.7633. PMC 44456. PMID 8052633. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=44456. 
2. ^ "Entrez Gene: KPNA1 karyopherin alpha 1 (importin alpha 5)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3836. 
3. ^ Köhler, M; Speck C, Christiansen M, Bischoff F R, Prehn S, Haller H, Görlich D, Hartmann E (Nov. 1999). "Evidence for distinct substrate specificities of importin alpha family members in nuclear protein import". Mol. Cell. Biol. (UNITED STATES) 19 (11): 7782–91. ISSN 0270-7306. PMC 84838. PMID 10523667. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=84838. 
4. ^ Percipalle, P; Clarkson W D, Kent H M, Rhodes D, Stewart M (Mar. 1997). "Molecular interactions between the importin alpha/beta heterodimer and proteins involved in vertebrate nuclear protein import". J. Mol. Biol. (ENGLAND) 266 (4): 722–32. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1996.0801. ISSN 0022-2836. PMID 9102465. 
5. ^ Henderson, Michelle J; Russell Amanda J, Hird Samantha, Muñoz Marcia, Clancy Jennifer L, Lehrbach Gillian M, Calanni Sophina T, Jans David A, Sutherland Robert L, Watts Colin K W (Jul. 2002). "EDD, the human hyperplastic discs protein, has a role in progesterone receptor coactivation and potential involvement in DNA damage response". J. Biol. Chem. (United States) 277 (29): 26468–78. doi:10.1074/jbc.M203527200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12011095. 

Further reading

• Bukrinsky MI, Haffar OK (2004). "HIV-1 nuclear import: in search of a leader.". Front. Biosci. 2: d578–87. PMID 9366553. 
• Bukrinsky MI, Haffar OK (1998). "HIV-1 nuclear import: matrix protein is back on center stage, this time together with Vpr.". Mol. Med. 4 (3): 138–43. PMC 2230352. PMID 9562972. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2230352. 
• Kino T, Pavlakis GN (2004). "Partner molecules of accessory protein Vpr of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.". DNA Cell Biol. 23 (4): 193–205. doi:10.1089/104454904773819789. PMID 15142377. 
• Bukrinsky MI, Sharova N, Dempsey MP, et al. (1992). "Active nuclear import of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 preintegration complexes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (14): 6580–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.14.6580. PMC 49545. PMID 1631159. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=49545. 
• Sharova N, Bukrinskaya A (1991). "p17 and p17-containing gag precursors of input human immunodeficiency virus are transported into the nuclei of infected cells.". AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses 7 (3): 303–6. doi:10.1089/aid.1991.7.303. PMID 2064827. 
• Di Marzio P, Choe S, Ebright M, et al. (1996). "Mutational analysis of cell cycle arrest, nuclear localization and virion packaging of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr.". J. Virol. 69 (12): 7909–16. PMC 189735. PMID 7494303. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=189735. 
• Gallay P, Swingler S, Song J, et al. (1995). "HIV nuclear import is governed by the phosphotyrosine-mediated binding of matrix to the core domain of integrase.". Cell 83 (4): 569–76. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90097-7. PMID 7585960. 
• Moroianu J, Hijikata M, Blobel G, Radu A (1995). "Mammalian karyopherin alpha 1 beta and alpha 2 beta heterodimers: alpha 1 or alpha 2 subunit binds nuclear localization signal and beta subunit interacts with peptide repeat-containing nucleoporins.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (14): 6532–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.14.6532. PMC 41552. PMID 7604027. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=41552. 
• Freed EO, Englund G, Martin MA (1995). "Role of the basic domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix in macrophage infection.". J. Virol. 69 (6): 3949–54. PMC 189124. PMID 7745752. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=189124. 
• Weis K, Mattaj IW, Lamond AI (1995). "Identification of hSRP1 alpha as a functional receptor for nuclear localization sequences.". Science 268 (5213): 1049–53. doi:10.1126/science.7754385. PMID 7754385. 
• O'Neill RE, Palese P (1995). "NPI-1, the human homolog of SRP-1, interacts with influenza virus nucleoprotein.". Virology 206 (1): 116–25. doi:10.1016/S0042-6822(95)80026-3. PMID 7831767. 
• Gallay P, Swingler S, Aiken C, Trono D (1995). "HIV-1 infection of nondividing cells: C-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation of the viral matrix protein is a key regulator.". Cell 80 (3): 379–88. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90488-3. PMID 7859280. 
• Moroianu J, Blobel G, Radu A (1995). "Previously identified protein of uncertain function is karyopherin alpha and together with karyopherin beta docks import substrate at nuclear pore complexes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92 (6): 2008–11. doi:10.1073/pnas.92.6.2008. PMC 42412. PMID 7892216. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=42412. 
• von Schwedler U, Kornbluth RS, Trono D (1994). "The nuclear localization signal of the matrix protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 allows the establishment of infection in macrophages and quiescent T lymphocytes.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (15): 6992–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.6992. PMC 44324. PMID 8041734. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=44324. 
• Heinzinger NK, Bukinsky MI, Haggerty SA, et al. (1994). "The Vpr protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 influences nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids in nondividing host cells.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (15): 7311–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.7311. PMC 44389. PMID 8041786. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=44389. 
• Bukrinsky MI, Haggerty S, Dempsey MP, et al. (1993). "A nuclear localization signal within HIV-1 matrix protein that governs infection of non-dividing cells.". Nature 365 (6447): 666–9. doi:10.1038/365666a0. PMID 8105392. 
• Dubrovsky L, Ulrich P, Nuovo GJ, et al. (1996). "Nuclear localization signal of HIV-1 as a novel target for therapeutic intervention.". Mol. Med. 1 (2): 217–30. PMC 2229944. PMID 8529100. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2229944. 
• Gallay P, Stitt V, Mundy C, et al. (1996). "Role of the karyopherin pathway in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nuclear import.". J. Virol. 70 (2): 1027–32. PMC 189908. PMID 8551560. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=189908. 
• Bukrinskaya AG, Ghorpade A, Heinzinger NK, et al. (1996). "Phosphorylation-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and nuclear targeting of viral DNA.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (1): 367–71. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.1.367. PMC 40239. PMID 8552640. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=40239.