- Milecastle 8
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Coordinates: 54°59′11″N 1°42′02″W / 54.986472°N 1.70064°W
Milecastle 8 
Milecastle 8
Milecastle 8 shown within Tyne and WearOS grid reference NZ19256580 List of places: UK • England • Tyne and Wear 
This article is part of the series on:
Military of ancient Rome (portal)
753 BC – AD 476Structural history Roman army (unit types and ranks, legions, auxiliaries, generals) Roman navy (fleets, admirals) Campaign history Lists of wars and battles Decorations and punishments Technological history Military engineering (castra, siege engines, arches, roads) Political history Strategy and tactics Infantry tactics Frontiers and fortifications (limes, Hadrian's Wall) Milecastle 8 (West Denton) was a milecastle of the Roman Hadrian's Wall. Its remains are located in what is now West Denton, Newcastle upon Tyne.[1] The milecastle has two associated turret structures which are known as turret 8A and turret 8B. The turrets and milecastle were excavated in the 1920s, yielding some pottery and stone carvings, but have since been overlain by modern roads. The exact locations of the structures is disputed, with the road now hiding any surface traces.
Contents
Construction
There is some dispute over the exact location, with one study in 1929 locating it 1,627 yards (1,488 m) east of Milecastle 9, and historian Madeleine Hope Dodds stating in 1930 that it is 1,602 yards (1,465 m) from Milecastle 9.[2] The Ordnance Survey uses an average of these positions on its mapping.[2] The site of Milecastle 8 has been buried beneath the A69 dual carriageway.[2][1]
Excavations and investigations
The milecastle was excavated in 1928, when it was located on a natural hillock. Excavations uncovered pottery and other relics but all structural remains of the milecastle had been removed by stone-robbers.[2]
Excavations near the site have uncovered carved stone "Celtic heads", possibly representative of local Celtic religions or imported from Europe with a unit of auxilia.[3] The heads were discovered in 1969 and 1980.[4]
Associated turrets
Each milecastle on Hadrian's Wall has two associated turret structures. These turrets were positioned approximately one third of a Roman mile apart and would have been manned by part of the milecastle's garrison. The turrets associated with Milecastle 8 are known as turrets 8A and 8B.
Turret 8A
Turret 8A (West Denton) was located in 1929 based on pottery and occupation earth finds to a position 522 yards (477 m) west of Milecastle 8, beneath a modern road, and there are no visible remains.[5] However, the field reports disagree with the position of 8A given by Madeleine Hope Dodds, and a separate position is given by the Ordnance Survey.[5]
Ordnance Survey location: 54°59′17″N 1°42′28″W / 54.987926°N 1.707661°W
Turret 8B
Turret 8B (Union Hall) was investigated in 1929 and positioned 532 yards (486 m) west which places it 548 yards (501 m) east of Milecastle 9, although sources of the period disagree on this point.[6] When it was excavated the road of the time ran alongside the turret, and the south wall, 19 feet 10 inches (6.05 m) long with a doorway set in it, was found to be two courses of stone high. The road was later realigned and now lies over the site, leaving no visible surface trace of the turret.[6]
Ordnance Survey location: 54°59′21″N 1°42′53″W / 54.989291°N 1.7146841°W
Monument Records
Monument Monument Number National Monuments Record Number Milecastle 8 22653 NZ 16 NE 2 Turret 8A 22656 NZ 16 NE 3 Turret 8B 22659 NZ 16 NE 4 References
- ^ a b "Milecastle 8 Map". English Heritage. http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/maps.aspx?a=0&hob_id=22653&type=&class1=None&period=None&county=None&place=knag&yearfrom=ALL&yearto=ALL&recordsperpage=5&source=text&sort=1. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ a b c d "Milecastle 8". English Heritage Pastscape. http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=22653&sort=1&type=&class1=None&period=None&county=None&place=knag&yearfrom=ALL&yearto=ALL&recordsperpage=5&source=text. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ "Pre-Roman". Durham University. http://www.dur.ac.uk/resources/archaeological.services/research_training/hadrianswall_research_framework/project_documents/Pre-Roman2.pdf. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ Breeze, David J (1934), Handbook to the Roman Wall (14th Revised edition - Nov 2006), Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, pp. 162, ISBN 0901082651
- ^ a b "Turret 8A". English Heritage pastscape. http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=22656&sort=1&type=&class1=None&period=None&county=None&place=knag&yearfrom=ALL&yearto=ALL&recordsperpage=5&source=text. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ a b "Turret 8B". English Heritage pastscape. http://pastscape.english-heritage.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=22659&sort=4&search=all&criteria=turret%208b&rational=q&recordsperpage=10. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
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