Muhammad Taqi Usmani

Muhammad Taqi Uthmani

Full name	Muhammad Taqi Uthmani
Born	Deoband, India
Era	Modern era
Region	Islamic scholar
School	Deobandi Hanafi
Main interests	Shari'a, Hadith, Islamic finance, Tafsir, Sufism
Notable ideas	Evolution of Islamic economics, Islamic banking
Website	Darul Uloom Karachi

Deobandi movement

Key figures

Qasim Nanotvi · Rashid Gangohi Husain Madani · Mehmud Hasan Shabbir Usmani · Ashraf Ali Thanwi Anwar Kashmiri · Ilyas Kandhlawi Ubaidullah Sindhi · Taqi Usmani

Notable Institutions

Darul Uloom Deoband, India Mazahirul Uloom Saharanpur, India Hathazari Madrassah, Bangladesh Darul-uloom Nadwatul Ulama, India Darul Uloom Karachi, Pakistan Jamia Uloom ul Islamia, Pakistan Jamiah Darul Uloom Zahedan, Iran Darul Uloom London, England Darul Uloom New York, United States Darul Uloom Canada Madrasah In'aamiyyah, South Africa

Movements

Tablighi Jamaat Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Tehreek-e-Khatme Nabuwwat Sipah-e-Sahaba Lashkar-e-Jhangvi Taliban

Muhammad Taqi Usmani (Urdu: مفتی محمد تقی عثمانی) (also spelled Uthmani) is a Hanafi Islamic scholar from Pakistan who was born in 1943. He served as a judge on the Federal Shariat Court of Pakistan from 1980 to 1982 and the Shari'a Appellate Bench of the Supreme Court of Pakistan from 1982 to 2002. He is an expert in the fields of Islamic Jurisprudence (fiqh), economics and hadith. He also held a number of positions on the Shariah Boards of prestigious Islamic institutions, and is one of the most influential Islamic authors outside the Middle East.^{[citation needed]} He is the brother of another notable Islamic scholar, Muhammad Rafi Usmani and Maulana Wali Razi.

Biography

Taqi Usmani was born in Deoband, a city in the Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India, in 1943. After completing the Alim course at Darul Uloom Karachi, he specialized in fiqh under the guidance of his eminent father, Grand Mufti of Deoband school Pakistan Mufti Muhammad Shafi Usmani. He received his Takhassus degree in Islamic education from Darul Uloom Karachi in 1961.^{[citation needed]} He also holds a Master of Arts degree in Arabic literature from the University of Punjab and a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree from the University of Karachi. Usmani received ijaza to teach hadith from a number of scholars such as Sheikh Hasan Mashat, Mufti Muhammad Shafi Uthmani, Maulana Idris Kandhlawi, Mufti Rashid Ahmad Ludhianvi, and Shaikhul Hadith Muhammad Zakariyya Kandhlawi. He pioneered the concept of Islamic banking in Pakistan when he established the Meezan Bank. Usmani has authored a number of books in Arabic, Urdu, and English on Islamic topics in addition to a large number of articles on Islamic banking and finance published in a number of journals and magazines.^{[citation needed]}

In March 2004, United Arab Emirates Vice President and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum presented an award to Taqi Usmani in recognition of his lifetime service and achievement in Islamic finance during the annual International Islamic Finance Forum (IIFF) in Dubai.^{[citation needed]}

In accordance with the tradition of the scholars of Deoband and recognizing the importance of tasawwuf, Usmani's bay'ah was accepted by Abdul Hayy Arifi Abdul Hayy Arifi and Maseehullah Khan. Usmani is currently a mentor to numerous spiritual aspirants all over the world and delivers weekly lectures on self-improvement at Darul Uloom Karachi on Sundays between Asr Salaah and Maghrib Salaah. [2]

He currently teaches Sahih al-Bukhari, fiqh, and Islamic economics at Darul Uloom Karachi and is known for his Islahi Khutbat. He was a key member of a team of scholars which helped declare Ahmadis (Qadianis), as non-Muslims by Pakistan's National Assembly during the era of former Pakistani president, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, in the 1970s. During the presidency of General Zia ul Haq, he was instrumental in drafting laws pertaining to Hudood, Qisas, and Dayiat. He strongly opposed the Women's Protection Bill. According to him, it was designed to distract attention from issues such as flaws in the law enforcement system.^{[citation needed]}

According to a comment piece in The Times, Usmani "believes that aggressive military jihad should be waged by Muslims 'to establish the supremacy of Islam' worldwide." and "Muslims should live peacefully in countries such as Britain, where they have the freedom to practise Islam, only until they gain enough power to engage in battle".^[1] On October 23, 2009, he published a response to alleged misrepresentations of his views on Jihad. To a question whether he had issued any fatwas saying “Muslims living in the West conduct violent jihad against the infidels at every opportunity.” he declared: "I never made any such statement either in writing or verbally nor issued any so-called fatwa. Nor is there any sentence to that effect in any of my writings, including “Islam and Modernism”. If this statement is attributed to me in Mr. Norfolk’s interview with me, it is not but a blatant lie, because I never said this during the interview."^[2] In Norfolk's piece in The Times this quote was not made. Usmani did write in his book “Islam and Modernism” about aggressive jihad that: “The question is whether aggressive battle is by itself commendable or not. If it is, why should the Muslims stop simply because territorial expansion in these days is regarded as bad? And if it is not commendable, but deplorable, why did Islam not stop it in the past?” and that peace agreements with non-Muslims in power is acceptable if: "If Muslims do not possess the capability of "Jihad with power" agreement may be made till the power is attained."^[3]

Associations

Muhammad Taqi Uthmani is currently a member of the following organizations:

• Islamic Fiqah Academy, Jeddah (Permanent Member)
• Darul Uloom Karachi, Karachi (Vice Principal)
• Accounting and Auditing Organization of Islamic Financial Institutions, Bahrain (Chairman of Shari'a Standard Council)
• Central Bank of Bahrain, Bahrain (Chairman of Shariah Board)
• Amana Investments Limited, Sri Lanka (Chairman of Shariah Board)
• Abu Dhabi Islamic Bank, UAE. (Chairman of Shari'a Board)
• Guidance Financial Group, USA (Chairman of Shari'a Supervisory Board)
• Meezan Bank, Pakistan (Chairman of Shari'a Board)
• BankIslami Pakistan Limited (Chairman of Shari'a Board), [3]
• Jamiatul Ulama USA, USA
• Pak Qatar Takaful (Chairman of Shari'a Board)

Publications

• Takmila Fathul Mulhim. An Arabic commentary on Sahih Muslim in six volumes.
• Ulum ul Qur'an. An Urdu work on the sciences related to the revelation and exegesis of the Qur'an. It has been translated into English under the title An Approach to the Qur'anic Sciences.
• Ma'ariful Qur'an. An eight-volume English edition of the famous commentary of the Qur'an compiled in Urdu by his father Mufti Muhammad Shafi.
• The Meanings of the Noble Qur'an. A two-volume English translation of the Qur'an with explanatory notes.
• Islamic Laws of Animal Slaughter.
• An Introduction to Islamic Finance.
• Islam and Modernism, Adam Publishers & Distributors, India, May 4, 2005.

Books

English books

1. The Authority of Sunnah

2. The Rules of I'tikaf

3. What is Christianity?

4. Easy Good Deeds

5. Perform Salaah Correctly

6. The Language of the Friday Khutba

7. Discourse on the Islamic Way of Life

8. Sayings of Prophet Muhammad (SAW)

9. The Legal Status of Following a Madhhab

10. Spiritual Discourses

11. Islamic Months

12. Radiant Prayers

13. Qur'anic Sciences

14. Islam and Modernism

15. Contemporary Fatawa

Arabic books

1. Ma Hia An Nasraniyya?

2. Nathrat Abarah Haul At Ta'limi Al Islami

3. Ahkamu Al Auraq An Naqdiyya

4. Buhooth Fi Qadaya Fiqhiyya Mu'asira

5. Ahkam uz Zibai’h

6. Takmila Fath al-Mulhim (6 volumes)

Urdu books

1. Tozeeh-ul-Quran (Aasan Tarjuma e Quran) (Urdu Translation of Quran e Majeed)

2. In'aamul Bari (Explanation/Commentary of Sahih ul Bukhari) (9 volumes, 3 published)

3. Asan Nakian (Easy Good Deeds)

4. Undulus Mein Chand Roz (A Few Days in Andalus)

5. Islam Aur Seasat-e-Hazra (Islam and Contemporary Politics)

6. Islam Aur Jidat Pasandi (Islam and Modernism)

7. Islahe Ma'ashara (Perfecting Society)

8. Islahi Mawa’iz (Discourses for Spiritual Perfection) (3 volumes)

9. Islahi Majalis (Discourses on Tasawwuf) (5 volumes)

10. Islahi Khutbat (Discourses on Individual Spiritual Perfection) (13 volumes)

11. Ihkami I'tikaf (The Rules of I'tikaf)

12. Islam Aur Jadeed Ma'eeshat Wa Tijarat (Islam and Modern Economics & Commerce)

13. Akabir Deoband Kya The? (The Significant Character of Scholars of Deoband)

14. Bible Se Qur'aan Tak (3 volumes)

15. Bible Kya Heh? (What is the Bible?)

16. Purnoor Dua'en (Radiant Prayers) (a collection of prayers for all occasions)

17. Tarashe (Excerpts from Islamic Works)

18. Taqleed Ki Shari'i Hasiat (The Legal Status of Following a Madhhab)

19. Jahan-e-Deda (Travelogue I)

20. Duniya Mere Aagaye (Travelogue II)

21. Hazrat Mu'awiyah (RA) Aur Tarikhi Haqa'iq (Hazrat Mu'awiyah (RA) and the Historical Facts)

22. Hujjiat Hadith (Authority of Hadith)

23. Huzur (SAW) Ne Farmaya (Sayings of Prophet (SAW)

24. Hakimul Ummat Ke Siasi Afkar (Political Thoughts of Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi)

25. Dars-e-Tirmidhi (an explanation of the famous hadith collection, Sunan At Tirmidhi)

26. Deeni Madaris Ka Nisab Wa Nitham

27. Zikr-o-Fikr (a collection of articles written for Jang, a daily newspaper)

28. Zabat-e-Wiladat (Birth Control: Islamic Rulings)

29. Isayat Kya Hai? (What is Christianity?)

30. Ulum ul Qur'an (Qur'anic Sciences)

31. Idalat-e-Faisle (Court Rulings)

32. Fard Ke Islah (Individual Reform)

33. Fiqhi Maqalaat (Collection of Articles on Islamic Jurisprudence)

34. Ma'aasir Hadhrat Arifi (Sayings and Memories of Hadhrat Arifi)

35. Mere Walid, Mere Shaikh (My Father, My Shaikh)

36. Milkiat-e-Zamion Aur Uske Tahdid (Land Ownership and Its Limitations)

37. Nashri Taqreerain (Speeches Aired on Radio Pakistan)

38. Nuqoosh-e-Raftigan (Obituaries of Islamic Scholars and Other Dignitaries)

39. Nifaz-e-Shari'a Aur Uske Masaa'il (Establishment of Shari'a and Its Problems)

40. Namazein Sunnah Ke Mutabiq Parhe (Pray Salaah According to the Sunnah)

41. Hamare A'eli Masaa'il (Our Family Issues)

42. Hamara Ta'limi Nizam (Our Educational System)

43. Hamara Ma'ashi Nizam (Our Economic System)

44. Dastoor ul A'maal Baer-e-Talibeen-e-Islah (Instructions for Aspirants of Spiritual Improvement)

45. Murawwaja islami bankari

46. Gher soodi bankari

See also

• Darul Uloom Karachi
• Muhammad Rafi Usmani
• Islamic Banking
• Meezan Bank
• Islamic Scholars
• Contemporary Islamic philosophy

‎External links

• Official website Darul Uloom Karachi
• [4] Bio of Mufti Taqi Usmani
• [5] Mufti Taqi Usmani's Profile
• [6] English translation of Tafseer-e-Uthmani and tafseer(commentary) of the Holy Qur'an
• An Introduction to Islamic Finance

References

1. ^ Andrew Norfolk (September 8, 2007), "Our followers 'must live in peace until strong enough to wage jihad'", The Times (London), http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/faith/article2409833.ece, retrieved 2009-09-12 
2. ^ Muhammad Taqi Usmani (2009), Answer to an important question (refutation of erroneous claims and misquotations), http://muftitaqiusmani.com/NewsEvents.aspx?ID=14, retrieved 2009-11-26 
3. ^ M. T. Usmani, Islam and Modernism (Adam Publishers & Distributors, 2005), p. 90-91. [1]

Persondata
Name	Taqi
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1943
Place of birth	Deoband
Date of death
Place of death