Cephalometric analysis

Cephalometric analysis is the study of the dental and skeletal relationships in the head.^[1] It is frequently used by dentists, often orthodontists in particular, as a treatment planning tool.^[2]

Two of the more popular methods of analysis used in orthodontology are the Steiner analysis, named after Cecil C. Steiner, and the McNamara analysis, named after James A. McNamara.^[3] There are other methods as well, including the Ricketts analysis.^[4]

Cephalometric radiographs

Cephalometric analysis depends on cephalometric radiography to study relationships between bony and soft tissue landmarks and can be used to diagnose facial growth abnormalities prior to treatment, in the middle of treatment to evaluate progress or at the conclusion of treatment to ascertain that the goals of treatment have been met.^[5]

Cephalometric landmarks

The following are important cephalometric landmarks: Sella (after sella turcica) Nasion A-point B-point Pogonion Menton Gnathion Gonion Porion Orbitale Bolton ^[6]

Cephalometric angles

According to the Steiner's analysis: ANB (A point, Nasion, B point)- indicates whether the skeletal relationship between the maxilla and mandible is a normal (skeletal class I relationship (+ 2 degrees), a skeletal Class II (+4 degrees or more), or skeletal class III (0 or negative). SNA (sella, Nasion, A point)- indicates whether or not the maxilla is normal, prognathic, or retrognathic. SNB (sella, Nasion, B point)- indicates whether or not the mandible is normal, prognathic, or retrognathic. SNA and SNB is important to determine what type of intervention (on maxilla, mandible or both) is appropriate. These angles, however are influenced also by the vertical height of the face and a possible abnormal positioning of Nasion. ^[6]

Cephalometric Software

Cephalometric software is used to help calculate the angles and measurements for cephalometric analyses. An example of such software is cephX which provides an internet based platform for cephalometric analysis. An example of a company that provides cephalometric analyses without purchasing any software is www.Cephanalysis.com.

References

1. ^ Centre for Cancer Education, March 5, 2000
2. ^ Cephalometric analysis as a tool for treatment planning and evaluation, European Journal of Orthodontics 1981 3(4):241-245
3. ^ A comparative evaluation of Steiner's and McNamara's methods for determining the position of the bone bases, Minerva Stomatol. 1991 Jun;40(6):381-5
4. ^ Evaluating Ricketts' Cephalometric Analysis as Diagnostic Aid in Black Females, Center For the Study of Human Growth and Development April 5, 2008
5. ^ Predoctoral Orthodontic Laboratory Manual 2008, Department of Undegraduate Orthodontics, New Jersey Dental School
6. ^ ^{a b} Proffit, William R.. Contemporary Orthodontics, 3rd Edition. C.V. Mosby, 012000. 6.4.2.2.2)

This dentistry article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.v · Categories: Orthodontics Dentistry stubs Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат? R63 JediMUD Look at other dictionaries: cephalometric analysis — measurement of the head, using the vector quantities distance and direction, based on the tracing of the radiograph of the living head, usually in the lateral view …   Medical dictionary Analysis — A psychology term for processes used to gain understanding of complex emotional or behavioral issues. * * * 1. The breaking up of a chemical compound or mixture into simpler elements; a process by which the composition of a substance is… …   Medical dictionary Downs analysis — radiographic cephalometric criteria developed by Downs as an aid in orthodontic diagnosis …   Medical dictionary Mustafa Ülgen — (born 1945 in İnegöl Bursa Turkey) is a Turkish orthodontist. Contents 1 Biography 2 Publications 2.1 Publications In Turkish 2.1.1 E Books …   Wikipedia Prognathism — Classification and external resources ICD 10 K07.1 I …   Wikipedia tracing — 1. Any graphic display of electrical or mechanical cardiovascular events, e.g., electrocardiogram, phlebogram. SEE ALSO: curve. 2. In dentistry, a line or lines, scribed on a table or plate by a pointed instrument, re …   Medical dictionary James A. McNamara — James A. McNamara, Jr. (Born in San Francisco) [http://www.mcnamaraortho.com/npjmcnamara.html McNamara, McNamara, Burkhardt Nolan Orthodontic Practice, Staff Biography] ] is an American trained board certified orthodontist well known for his… …   Wikipedia Cecil C. Steiner — (1896 1989) was a dentist and one of Edward H. Angle s first students in 1921. [ [http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0889540606001314 Wahl, N. Orthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 8: The cephalometer takes its place in the orthodontic… …   Wikipedia Cephalometry — is the measurement of the human head by imaging, traditionally from x ray films. Contents 1 Applications 1.1 Dentistry 1.2 Obstetrics 2 See Also …   Wikipedia Orthodontics — Orthodontist Occupation Names Orthodontist Activity sectors Dentistry Description Education required …   Wikipedia 18+ © Academic, 2000-2024 Contact us: Technical Support, Advertising Dictionaries export, created on PHP, Joomla, Drupal, WordPress, MODx. Mark and share Search through all dictionaries Translate… Search Internet Share the article and excerpts Direct link … Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”