DLK1

Delta-like 1 homolog (Drosophila)
Identifiers
Symbols	DLK1; DLK; FA1; PREF1; Pref-1; ZOG; pG2
External IDs	OMIM: 176290 MGI: 94900 HomoloGene: 2846 GeneCards: DLK1 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • molecular_function Cellular component • extracellular space • soluble fraction • membrane • integral to membrane Biological process • multicellular organismal development Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8788	13386
Ensembl	ENSG00000185559	ENSMUSG00000040856
UniProt	P80370	Q925U3
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001032997	NM_010052
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001028169	NP_034182
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 101.19 – 101.2 Mb	Chr 12: 110.69 – 110.7 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

Protein delta homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DLK1 gene.^[1][2][3]

It is expressed as a transmembrane protein, but a soluble form cleaved off by ADAM17 is active in inhibiting adipogenesis,^[4] the differentiation of pre-adipocytes into adipocytes.^[5]

It is a member of the EGF-like family of homeotic proteins.^[6]

References

1. ^ Laborda, Jorge; Sausville, Edward A.; Hoffman, Thomas; Notario, Vicente (1993). "dlk, a Putative Mammalian Homeotic Gene Differentially Expressed in Small Cell Lung Carcinoma and Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Line". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 268 (6): 3817–20. PMID 8095043. http://www.jbc.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8095043. 
2. ^ Jensen, C. Harken; Krogh, Thomas N.; Hojrup, Peter; Clausen, Per P.; Skjodt, Karsten; Larsson, Lars-Inge; Enghild, Jan J.; Teisner, Borge (1994). "Protein Structure of Fetal Antigen 1 (FA1). A Novel Circulating Human Epidermal-Growth-Factor-Like Protein Expressed in Neuroendocrine Tumors and its Relation to the Gene Products of Dlk and pG2". European Journal of Biochemistry 225 (1): 83–92. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.00083.x. PMID 7925474. 
3. ^ EntrezGene 8788
4. ^ Wang, Yuhui; Sul, Hei Sook (2009). "Pref-1 Regulates Mesenchymal Cell Commitment and Differentiation through Sox9". Cell Metabolism 9 (3): 287–302. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.01.013. PMC 2673480. PMID 19254573. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2673480. 
5. ^ MeSH Adipogenesis
6. ^ Laborda, J (2000). "The role of the epidermal growth factor-like protein dlk in cell differentiation". Histology and histopathology 15 (1): 119–29. PMID 10668203. 

Further reading

• Helamn, Lee J.; Sack, Nancy; Plon, Sharon E.; Israel, Mark A. (1990). "The sequence of an adrenal specific human cDNA, pG2". Nucleic Acids Research 18 (3): 685–685. doi:10.1093/nar/18.3.685. 
• Helman, L. J. (1987). "Molecular Markers of Neuroendocrine Development and Evidence of Environmental Regulation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 84 (8): 2336–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.8.2336. 
• Lee, YL; Helman, L; Hoffman, T; Laborda, J (1995). "Dlk, pG2 and Pref-1 mRNAs encode similar proteins belonging to the EGF-like superfamily. Identification of polymorphic variants of this RNA". Biochimica et biophysica acta 1261 (2): 223–32. PMID 7711066. 
• Smas, Cynthia M.; Sul, Hei Sook (1993). "Pref-1, a protein containing EGF-like repeats, inhibits adipocyte differentiation". Cell 73 (4): 725–34. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90252-L. PMID 8500166. 
• Jensen, CH; Teisner, B; Højrup, P; Rasmussen, HB; Madsen, OD; Nielsen, B; Skjødt, K (1993). "Studies on the isolation, structural analysis and tissue localization of fetal antigen 1 and its relation to a human adrenal-specific cDNA, pG2". Human reproduction 8 (4): 635–41. PMID 8501199. 
• Tornehave, Ditte; Jensen, Charlotte H.; Teisner, Børge; Larsson, Lars-Inge (1996). "FA1 immunoreactivity in endocrine tumours and during development of the human fetal pancreas; negative correlation with glucagon expression". Histochemistry and Cell Biology 106 (6): 535–42. doi:10.1007/BF02473268. PMID 8985741. 
• Jensen, CH; Schroder, HD; Teisner, B; Laursen, I; Brandrup, F; Rasmussen, HB (1999). "Fetal antigen 1, a member of the epidermal growth factor superfamily, in neurofibromas and serum from patients with neurofibromatosis type 1". British Journal of Dermatology 140 (6): 1054–9. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.02906.x. PMID 10354070. 
• Gubina, E.; Ruiz-Hidalgo, M.J.; Baladrón, V.; Laborda, J. (1999). "Assignment of DLK1 to human chromosome band 14q32 by in situ hybridization". Cytogenetic and Genome Research 84 (3–4): 206–7. doi:10.1159/000015259. 
• Jensen, C.H.; Erb, K; Westergaard, LG; Kliem, A; Teisner, B (1999). "Fetal antigen 1, an EGF multidomain protein in the sex hormone-producing cells of the gonads and the microenvironment of germ cells". Molecular Human Reproduction 5 (10): 908–13. doi:10.1093/molehr/5.10.908. PMID 10508217. 
• Aguan, K.; Carvajal, JA; Thompson, LP; Weiner, CP (2000). "Application of a functional genomics approach to identify differentially expressed genes in human myometrium during pregnancy and labour". Molecular Human Reproduction 6 (12): 1141–5. doi:10.1093/molehr/6.12.1141. PMID 11101697. 
• Andersen, M. (2001). "Fetal Antigen 1 in Healthy Adults and Patients with Pituitary Disease: Relation to Physiological, Pathological, and Pharmacological GH Levels". Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 86 (11): 5465–70. doi:10.1210/jc.86.11.5465. 
• Jensen, Charlotte Harken; Meyer, Morten; Schroder, Henrik Daa; Kliem, Anette; Zimmer, Jens; Teisner, Børge (2001). "Neurons in the monoaminergic nuclei of the rat and human central nervous system express FA1/dlk". Neuroreport 12 (18): 3959–63. doi:10.1097/00001756-200112210-00021. PMID 11742219. 
• Baladrón, V; Ruiz-Hidalgo, MJ; Bonvini, E; Gubina, E; Notario, V; Laborda, J (2002). "The EGF-like Homeotic Protein dlk Affects Cell Growth and Interacts with Growth-Modulating Molecules in the Yeast Two-Hybrid System". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 291 (2): 193–204. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6431. PMID 11846389. 
• Panin, V. M.; Shao, L; Lei, L; Moloney, DJ; Irvine, KD; Haltiwanger, RS (2002). "Notch Ligands Are Substrates for Protein O-Fucosyltransferase-1 and Fringe". Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 (33): 29945–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204445200. PMID 12036964. 
• Doggett, Kevin L.; Briggs, Judith A.; Linton, Macrae F.; Fazio, Sergio; Head, David R.; Xie, Jingping; Hashimoto, Yuko; Laborda, Jorge et al. (2002). "Retroviral mediated expression of the human myeloid nuclear antigen in a null cell line upregulatesDlk1 expression". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 86 (1): 56–66. doi:10.1002/jcb.10190. PMID 12112016. 
• Mammalian Gene Collection Program Team (2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Van Limpt, Vera A.E.; Chan, Alvin J.; Van Sluis, Peter G.; Caron, Huib N.; Van Noesel, Carel J.M.; Versteeg, Rogier (2003). "High delta-like 1 expression in a subset of neuroblastoma cell lines corresponds to a differentiated chromaffin cell type". International Journal of Cancer 105: 61–9. doi:10.1002/ijc.11047. 
• Abdallah, Basem M; Jensen, Charlotte H; Gutierrez, Gloria; Leslie, Robert GQ; Jensen, Thomas G; Kassem, Moustapha (2004). "Regulation of Human Skeletal Stem Cells Differentiation by Dlk1/Pref-1". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 19 (5): 841–52. doi:10.1359/JBMR.040118. PMID 15068508.