Ammonium sulfide

Ammonium sulfide
IUPAC name Ammonium sulfide
Other names Diammonium sulfide
Identifiers
CAS number	12135-76-1 Y
PubChem	25519
ChemSpider	23808 Y
UNII	2H0Q32TDFZ Y
UN number	2683 (solution)
RTECS number	BS4900000
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES [S-2].[NH4+].[NH4+]
InChI InChI=1S/2H3N.S/h2*1H3;/q;;-2/p+2 Y Key: UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-UHFFFAOYSA-P Y InChI=1/2H3N.S/h2*1H3;/q;;-2/p+2 Key: UYJXRRSPUVSSMN-SKRXCDHZAF
Properties
Molecular formula	(NH4)2S
Molar mass	68.154 g/mol
Appearance	yellow crystals (> -18 °C) [1] hygroscopic
Density	0.997 g/cm3
Melting point	decomposes at ambient temperatures
Solubility in water	128.1 g/100 mL
Solubility	soluble in alcohol very soluble in liquid ammonia
Hazards
MSDS	External MSDS
EU Index	016-008-00-2
EU classification	Corrosive (C) Dangerous for the environment (N)
R-phrases	R31, R34, R50
S-phrases	(S1/2), S26, S45, S61
NFPA 704	3 3 0
Flash point	32.22 °C
Related compounds
Other anions	Ammonium hydroxide
Other cations	Sodium sulfide Potassium sulfide
Related compounds	Ammonium hydrosulfide
Y sulfide (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Ammonium sulfide, also known as diammonium sulfide, is an unstable salt with the formula (NH₄)₂S. Aqueous solutions purporting to contain this salt are commercially available. With a pK_a exceeding 15,^[2] the hydrosulfide ion cannot be deprotonated to an appreciable amount by ammonia. Thus, such solutions mainly consist of a mixture of ammonia and (NH₄)SH.

Uses

Ammonium sulfide is used in photographic developing, to apply patina to bronze, and in textile manufacturing. Also, due to its offensive smell, it is the active ingredient in a variety of foul pranks including the common stink bomb.

Preparation

Ammonium sulfide is prepared from reacting hydrogen sulfide with excess amounts of ammonia:

H₂S + 2 NH₃ → (NH₄)₂S

Safety

Solutions of "ammonium sulfide" are hazardous as labile sources of toxic hydrogen sulfide.^[3]

References

1. ^ Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8
2. ^ Meyer B, Ward K, Koshlap K, Peter L "Second dissociation constant of hydrogen sulfide" Inorganic Chemistry, (1983). volume 22, pp. 2345.doi:10.1021/ic00158a027
3. ^ J.T. Baker: MSDS for Ammonium Sulfide