List of R-phrases

R-phrases (short for Risk Phrases) are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: "Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations". The list was consolidated and republished in [http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/lex/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32001L0059:EN:HTML Directive 2001/59/EC] , where translations into other EU languages may be found.

These risk phrases are used internationally not just in Europe and there is an ongoing effort towards complete international harmonization. "(Note: missing R-number combinations indicate phrases that were deleted or replaced by another phrase.)"

*R1: Explosive when dry
*R2: Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition
*R3: Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition
*R4: Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds
*R5: Heating may cause an explosion
*R6: Explosive with or without contact with air
*R7: May cause fire
*R8: Contact with combustible material may cause fire
*R9: Explosive when mixed with combustible material
*R10: Flammable
*R11: Highly flammable
*R12: Extremely flammable
*R14: Reacts violently with water
*R15: Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases
*R16: Explosive when mixed with oxidising substances
*R17: Spontaneously flammable in air
*R18: In use, may form flammable/explosive vapour-air mixture
*R19: May form explosive peroxides
*R20: Harmful by inhalation
*R21: Harmful in contact with skin
*R22: Harmful if swallowed
*R23: Toxic by inhalation
*R24: Toxic in contact with skin
*R25: Toxic if swallowed
*R26: Very toxic by inhalation
*R27: Very toxic in contact with skin
*R28: Very toxic if swallowed
*R29: Contact with water liberates toxic gas.
*R30: Can become highly flammable in use
*R31: Contact with acids liberates toxic gas
*R32: Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas
*R33: Danger of cumulative effects
*R34: Causes burns
*R35: Causes severe burns
*R36: Irritating to eyes
*R37: Irritating to respiratory system
*R38: Irritating to skin
*R39: Danger of very serious irreversible effects
*R40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect
*R41: Risk of serious damage to eyes
*R42: May cause sensitisation by inhalation
*R43: May cause sensitisation by skin contact
*R44: Risk of explosion if heated under confinement
*R45: May cause cancer
*R46: May cause heritable genetic damage
*R48: Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure
*R49: May cause cancer by inhalation
*R50: Very toxic to aquatic organisms
*R51: Toxic to aquatic organisms
*R52: Harmful to aquatic organisms
*R53: May cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
*R54: Toxic to flora
*R55: Toxic to fauna
*R56: Toxic to soil organisms
*R57: Toxic to bees
*R58: May cause long-term adverse effects in the environment
*R59: Dangerous for the ozone layer
*R60: May impair fertility
*R61: May cause harm to the unborn child
*R62: Possible risk of impaired fertility
*R63: Possible risk of harm to the unborn child
*R64: May cause harm to breast-fed babies
*R65: Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed
*R66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking
*R67: Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness
*R68: Possible risk of irreversible effects

Combinations

*R14/15: Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases
*R15/29: Contact with water liberates toxic, extremely flammable gases
*R20/21: Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin
*R20/22: Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed
*R20/21/22: Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R21/22: Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R23/24: Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin
*R23/25: Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed
*R23/24/25: Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R24/25: Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R26/27: Very toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin
*R26/28: Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed
*R26/27/28: Very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R27/28: Very toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R36/37: Irritating to eyes and respiratory system
*R36/38: Irritating to eyes and skin
*R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin
*R37/38: Irritating to respiratory system and skin
*R39/23: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation
*R39/24: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin
*R39/25: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed
*R39/23/24: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
*R39/23/25: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
*R39/24/25: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R39/23/24/25: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R39/26: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation
*R39/27: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin
*R39/28: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects if swallowed
*R39/26/27: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
*R39/26/28: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
*R39/27/28: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R39/26/27/28: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R42/43: May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact
*R48/20: Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation
*R48/21: Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin
*R48/22: Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed
*R48/20/21: Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin
*R48/20/22: Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed
*R48/21/22: Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R48/20/21/22: Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R48/23: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation
*R48/24: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin
*R48/25: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed
*R48/23/24: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and in contact with skin
*R48/23/25: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed
*R48/24/25: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R48/23/24/25: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R50/53: Very toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
*R51/53: Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
*R52/53: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
*R68/20: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation
*R68/21: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin
*R68/22: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects if swallowed
*R68/20/21: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin
*R68/20/22: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed
*R68/21/22: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed
*R68/20/21/22: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed

R-Phrases no longer in use

*R13: Extremely flammable liquefied gas.
*R47: May cause birth defects.

See also

*List of S-phrases
*Material safety data sheet
*Risk and Safety Statements
*
*

External links

* [http://schoolscout24.de/cgi-bin/rsp/rspinput.cgi Chemical Risk & Safety Phrases in 22 European Languages]