Green Cochoa

Green Cochoa
A male
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	see text
Genus:	Cochoa
Species:	C. viridis
Binomial name
Cochoa viridis Hodgson, 1836

The Green Cochoa (Cochoa viridis) is a bird species which was variously placed with the thrushes of family Turdidae or the related Muscicapidae (Old World flycatchers). Presently, it is considered closer to the former.^[1]

Description

Lithograph by Gould, female above

This Himalayan thrush is moss green, the male has a blue crown, blue wings and tail with a broad black band on the tail. The female has a more greenish body with some rusty spots on the wing coverts. The secondaries and tertiaries have the base of the outer webs yellowish brown with very narrow blue edging unlike in the male. In some plumages there is a white collar on the sides of the neck.^[2][3] This form was once described as a new species Cochoa rothschildi.^[4] First year birds have dark shaft streaks on the body feathers.^[5]

A female Green Cochoa. Note the characteristic rufous tinge on the wing panels.

Distribution and habitat

It is found in Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam, and possibly Bhutan. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. They make seasonal movements that are not well understood. Their distribution in winter in India is unclear as the species is found only in summer. An old record from Uttaranchal (Nainital) is the westernmost record and no recent records exist from Nepal. Most records are east of northwest Bengal.^[2]

Behaviour and ecology

egg

Usually seen in pairs or small groups sitting in tall trees. They usually feed close to the ground, on molluscs, insects and berries. They sometimes launch aerial sallies to capture insects.^[5] This species breeds in summer and the nest is much like that of the Purple Cochoa but is usually placed close to water. Both parents take turns to incubate. The song is a thin and clear feeeee that dies away. Calls include a short high-pitched pok and harsh notes.^[2][5]

The glossy eggs are ellipsoidal and densely speckled.^[6]

References

1. ^ Sangster, G;Per Alström ;Emma Forsmark & Urban Olsson (2010). "Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57: 380–392. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.07.008. PMID 20656044. http://www.nrm.se/download/18.3ebfe5cf12a9d3ebacb80002787/Sangster+et+al+2010+Muscicapidae+MPE.pdf. 
2. ^ ^{a b c} Rasmussen, PC & JC Anderton (2005). Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide. Volume 2. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions. p. 372. 
3. ^ Oates, EW (1890). Fauna of British India. Birds. Volume 2. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 160–161. http://www.archive.org/stream/faunaofbritishin02oate#page/160/mode/1up/. 
4. ^ Delacour, Jean (1942). "The Whistling Thrushes (Genus Myiophoneus)". The Auk 59 (2): 246–264. http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Auk/v059n02/p0246-p0264.pdf. 
5. ^ ^{a b c} Ali S & SD Ripley (1998). Handbook of the birds of India and Pakistan. Volume 9 (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. pp. 19–20. 
6. ^ Oates, EW (1905). Catalogue of the collection of birds' eggs in the British Museum. Volume 4. London: British Museum. p. 92. http://www.archive.org/stream/catalogueofcolle04briti#page/92/mode/1up.