Olympic Village

An Olympic Village is an accommodation centre built for an Olympic Games, usually within an Olympic Park or elsewhere in a host city. Olympic Villages are built to house all participating athletes, as well as officials, athletic trainers, and other staff. Since the Munich Massacre at the 1972 Olympics, the Villages have been made extremely secure. Only athletes, trainers and officials are allowed to room at the Village, though family members and former Olympic athletes (typically to meet and greet current athletes as part of a national delegation) are allowed inside with proper credentials. Press and media are also barred.

The idea of the Olympic Village comes from Pierre de Coubertin. Up until the 1924 Summer Olympic Games, National Olympic Committees rented locations around the host city to house participants, which was expensive. For the 1924 Summer Olympics, the organizers built cabins near the Stade Olympique de Colombes to allow the athletes to easily access the Games' venues. The Olympic Village of the 1932 Summer Olympics served as the model of today's Olympic Villages; it consisted of a group of buildings with rooms to lodge athletes, and buildings with other commodities.

List of Olympic Villages

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• Athens 1906: The Zappeion, which was used during Athens 1896 as the main Fencing Hall, was used in 1906 as the Olympic Village.^[1]
• Paris 1924: In Paris in 1924, a number of cabins were built near the stadium to house visiting athletes; the complex was called "Olympic Village".[^[2]]
• Los Angeles 1932: The first Olympic Village is constructed in the Baldwin Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. For male athletes only, the Village consisted of several hundred buildings, including post and telegraph offices, an amphitheater, a hospital, a fire department, and a bank. Female athletes were housed at the Chapman Park Hotel on Wilshire Boulevard.^[3] The village was dismantled after the games.
• Berlin 1936: About 145 one- and two-story apartment buildings, Haus der Nationen refectory, Hindenburghaus theater, a hospital, an indoor arena, a swimming pool and a sauna in Wustermark about 6 mi west of Berlin. Used as barracks for over 50 years, only ruins remain. Jesse Owens's house has been restored.
• Melbourne 1956: The area in Heidelberg West, Victoria, where the athletes stayed is stilled called "Olympic Village". The area now consists of a sports center, a primary school, shopping strip, a community health centre which also houses a registered training organization and a legal service. The area has private housing and public housing where the athletes stayed.
• Rome 1960:consist of 33 buildings with two, three, four and even five floors.
• Squaw Valley 1960: Four identical three-story apartment buildings, two of which still stand, modified into condominiums.
• Mexico City 1968: 904 apartments distributed in 29 multi-story buildings in the Miguel Hidalgo Olympic Village Complex.
• Munich 1972: Multiple buildings of 25, 22, 20, 19, 16, 15, and 12 stories.
• Montreal 1976: Olympic Village (Montreal), Two 23-story pyramid-shaped buildings. Now apartment buildings.
• Lake Placid 1980: Adirondack Correctional Facility, Ray Brook, New York To provide safe and secure lodgings for the athletes, a newly built medium security prison was used.
• Moscow 1980: Eighteen 16-story buildings.
• Sarajevo 1984: Apartment buildings now used as condominiums and tourist facilities.
• Los Angeles 1984: The UCLA residents' facilities, USC, and UCSB.
• Calgary 1988: Presently student accommodations on the campus of the University of Calgary. The athlete's village consisted of the existing Kananaskis, Rundle, Castle, Norquay and Brewster buildings, as well as the newly constructed Glacier and Olympus buildings.
• Seoul 1988: Twenty-one 24-story buildings.
• Albertville 1992: Brides-les-Bains
• Barcelona 1992: A new district, La Vila Olímpica, was built on reclaimed sea front in Poblenou; it became residential after the games. Secondary villages were built in Banyoles and La Seu d'Urgell for rowing and white water canoeing athletes respectively.^[4]
• Lillehammer 1994: The village was built on a west-facing slope just to the north of Lillehammer, and took its form from the old farms of Gudbrandsdal.
• Atlanta 1996: Housing was built on the campus of Georgia Institute of Technology, Clark Atlanta University, and Georgia State University. The Olympic village at Georgia State was later bought by Georgia Tech for students' housing. The village on the campus of Clark Atlanta, later became housing for students at CAU.
• Nagano 1998: The village is located 7 kilometers southwest of Nagano Station. The total land space is 19 hectares. There are 1032 apartments in 22 buildings, and is capable of accommodating 3,000 people. Another Village was in Karuizawa, the site for the newly entered Olympic sport of curling. Karuizawa is about 70 kilometers southeast of Nagano City. 120 people from 9 countries stayed at the Karuizawa Skate Center Hotel during the Winter Games.
• Sydney 2000: A new suburb, Newington, which became residential following the games.
• Salt Lake City 2002: Housing from the University of Utah and Fort Douglas (located on the campus).
• Athens 2004: A new suburb composed of four- to five-story apartments in the Parnitha area located in northeast Athens adjacent to Maroussi, the suburb where the main Olympic complex, OAKA, is located. The Athens Olympic Village also became a residential area following the games.Today, the village with a capacity of approximately 10.000 people is not in use.
• Torino 2006: The Olympic Village was located in the towns of Bardonecchia, Sestriere and Turin.
• Beijing 2008: Beijing Olympic Village Twenty-two 6-story buildings and twenty 9-story buildings (for Beijing Venue); Royal Park Hotel (for Hong Kong venue).
• Vancouver 2010: Vancouver Olympic Village and Whistler Olympic and Paralympic Village
• London 2012: London Olympic Village.
• Sochi 2014: Coastal Olympic Village and Mountain Olympic Village
• Rio de Janeiro 2016: Parque Olímpico Cidade do Rock

References

1. ^ "The Zappeion Exhibition Hall over time". The Zappeion Megaron Hall of Athens. http://www.zappeion.gr/en/en_history_4.asp. Retrieved 2008-11-11. 
2. ^ Britannica
3. ^ 1932 Los Angeles Olympic Athlete's Village in the Baldwin Hills, Accessed November 12, 2007.
4. ^ "Barcelona 1992 Official Report". http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1992/1992s3.pdf.