Simethicone

Simethicone

Systematic (IUPAC) name
Poly(dimethylsiloxane), silicon dioxide
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	monograph
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	OTC (US)
Routes	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	not absorbed from the gut
Protein binding	N/A
Metabolism	N/A
Half-life	N/A
Excretion	N/A
Identifiers
CAS number	8050-81-5 Y
ATC code	A03AX13
PubChem	CID 6433516
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1200838 N
Chemical data
Formula	(C2H6OSi)n · (SiO2)m
Mol. mass	variable
N(what is this?)  (verify)

Simethicone is an oral anti-foaming agent used to reduce bloating, discomfort and pain caused by excess gas in the stomach or intestinal tract. It is a mixture of polydimethylsiloxane and silica gel.

Chemical action and pharmaceutical effects

Simethicone is an anti-foaming agent that decreases the surface tension of gas bubbles, causing them to combine into larger bubbles in the stomach that can be passed more easily. Simethicone does not reduce or prevent the formation of gas in the digestive tract, rather, it increases the rate at which it exits the body.^[1] However, simethicone can relieve pain caused by gas in the intestines by decreasing foaming which then allows for passing of flatus. Simethicone is not absorbed by the body into the bloodstream, and is therefore considered relatively safe. National Institutes of Health (NIH)^[2] reports there are usually no side effects when Simethicone is taken as directed. Although simethicone has also been promoted as a treatment for colic, randomised controlled trials have not demonstrated efficacy for such use.^[3][4]

Simethicone solutions of differing concentration also have industrial applications for reducing foaming in certain chemical processes.

Dosage

Tablets containing simethicone

Simethicone comes in many different oral forms, which have differing usual dosages. Though there are standard dosages for adults and teens, dosages for children should be determined by a doctor.

• Capsules or tablets:

Adults and teenagers: 60 to 125 milligrams (mg) four times a day, or 180mg twice a day, after meals and at bedtime. No more than 500 mg should be taken in twenty-four hours.

• Chewable tablets:

Adults and teenagers: 40 to 125 mg four times a day, after meals and at bedtime or the dose may be 150 mg three times a day, after meals. No more than 500 mg should be taken in twenty-four hours.

• Suspension:

Adults and teenagers: 40 to 95 mg four times a day, after meals and at bedtime. No more than 500 mg should be taken in twenty-four hours.

• Dissolving membrane:

A thin dissolving membrane dose that is placed on the tongue and dissolves with saliva. No more than 500 mg should be taken in twenty-four hours.

Availability

Simethicone is generally available over the counter under many brand names in varying dosage sizes and combinations with other drugs, including:

Aero-Red (Spain) Air-X (Thailand) Antacil (Thailand) Antiflat[5][6] (Austria) Baby's Own Infant Drops Cuplaton (Orion Pharma) Deflatine De-Gas Disflatyl Espumisan (Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Poland) Flatulex Factor AG 200 (Argentina) GasAid Gascon (Taiwan) Gas-Med Gas Relief Gasvan (Serbia) Gas-X Gazim X (Israel) Genasyme Imodium Multi-Symptom Relief (formerly Imodium Advanced) Imogas Imonogas Infacol Infacon Kremil-S Kupla Stop (Finland)

Lefax (Germany) Little Tummys Luftal (Brazil and Mexico) Maalox Anti-Gas Maalox Max Mag77 Metsil (Turkey) Minifom (Norway, Sweden) My Baby Gas Relief Drops Mylanta Gas Mylanta Gas Relief Mylicon Drops Mylicongas (Italy) Ovol Phazyme Rolaids SAB Simplex Siloxogene (India) Simeco Telament (South Africa) Triaerom (Peru) WindEze (UK) Flatin (HU) Refalgin (IT)

Other uses

Simethicone is used in some detergents when foaming is unwanted.

Simethicone is also used in the fermentation process to reduce the shearing of proteins by agitation.

References

1. ^ Norton, William (2005-01-09). "Controlling Intestinal Gas". http://www.iffgd.org/store/viewproduct/155. Retrieved 2007-07-31. 
2. ^ PubMed Health, produced by National Center for Biotechnology, a division of the National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health; see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0000747/
3. ^ University of Michigan clinical trial for simethicone used for colic
4. ^ Patient.co.uk on colic
5. ^ Product information (German)
6. ^ Product information (German)

External links

• "Jackson Gastroenterology - Patient Education - Simethicone". http://www.gicare.com/pated/simethicone.htm. Retrieved July 30, 2005. 
• "Medline Plus - Simethicone". Archived from the original on February 19, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070219022008/http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/medmaster/a682683.html. Retrieved April 16, 2007.