Darwin's Nothura

Darwin's Nothura
Illustration by Joseph Smit, 1895
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Tinamiformes
Family:	Tinamidae
Subfamily:	Nothurinae
Genus:	Nothura
Species:	N. darwinii
Binomial name
Nothura darwinii (G. R. Gray, 1867)[2]
Sub-species
N. d. darwinii (G. R. Gray, 1867)[2] N. d. peruviana (Berlepsch & Stolzmann, 1906)[2] N. d. agassizii (Bangs, 1910)[2] N. d. boliviana (Salvadori, 1895)[2] N. d. salvadorii (Hartert, 1909)[2]

The Darwin's Nothura, Nothura darwinii, is a type of Tinamou commonly found in high altitude grassland in the southern Andes in South America.^[3]

Etymology

The name of the species is named after Charles Darwin, an eminent English naturalist, to commemorate him.

Taxonomy

All Tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also Ratites. Unlike other Ratites, Tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and Tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.^[4]

Subspecies

• N. d. darwinii, the nominate race, occurs in the Patagonian steppes of south-central Argentina^[3]
• N. d. peruviana occurs in southern Peru, in the Urubamba Valley in Cusco Region^[3]
• N. d. agassizii occurs in the altiplano of southeastern Peru and western Bolivia^[3]
• N. d. boliviana occurs in the highlands of western Bolivia; Cochabamba, Chuquisaca, Potosí, Oruro, and Tarija Departments^[3]
• N. d. salvadorii occurs in western Argentina^[3]

Description

The Darwin's Nothura is approximately 26 cm (10 in) in length. It is similar to Spotted Nothura but more rufous with broader streaking below. Its upper parts are brown and streaked with buff, its lower parts are streaked with chestnut and it is black on its breast Its flanks are barred, and its crown is black with buff streaks, and its throat is white.

Behavior

Like other Tinamous, the Darwin's Nothura eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.^[4]

Conservation

The IUCN classifies this Tinamou as Least Concern,^[1] with an occurrence range of 1,100,000 km² (420,000 sq mi).^[5]

Footnotes

1. ^ ^{a b} IUCN (2009)
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Brand, S. (2008)
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Clements, J. (2007)
4. ^ ^{a b} Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
5. ^ BirdLife International (2008)(a)

References

• BirdLife International (2008). Nothura darwinii. In: IUCN 2008. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 12 Feb 2009.
• BirdLife International (2008(a)). "Darwin's Nothura - BirdLife Species Factsheet". Data Zone. http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=50&m=1. Retrieved 12 Feb 2009. 
• Brands, Sheila (Aug 14 2008). "Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Nothura darwinii". Project: The Taxonomicon. http://www.taxonomy.nl/Main/Classification/51374.htm. Retrieved 12 Feb 2009. 
• Clements, James (2007). The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World (6 ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978 0 8014 4501 9. 
• Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Tinamous". In Hutchins, Michael. Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. 8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins (2 ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 57–59. ISBN 0 7876 5784 0.