Cyd Charisse

Cyd Charisse
Charisse in 1987, by Allan Warren
Born	Tula Ellice Finklea March 8, 1922(1922-03-08) Amarillo, Texas, U.S.
Died	June 17, 2008(2008-06-17) (aged 86) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Other names	Lily Norwood, Felia Siderova, Maria Istomina
Occupation	Actress, dancer
Years active	1943-2006
Spouse	Nico Charisse (1939–47) 1 son Tony Martin (1948–2008) (her death) 1 son
Website
http://www.humorinthenews.com/cyd/

Cyd Charisse (March 8, 1922 – June 17, 2008)^[1] was an American actress and dancer.

After recovering from polio as a child, and studying ballet, Charisse entered films in the 1940s. Her roles usually focused on her abilities as a dancer, and she was paired with Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly; her films include Singin' in the Rain (1952), The Band Wagon (1953) and Silk Stockings (1957). She stopped dancing in films in the late 1950s, but continued acting in film and television, and in 1992 made her Broadway debut.

In her later years, she discussed the history of the Hollywood musical in documentaries, and participated in That's Entertainment! III in 1994. She was awarded the National Medal of the Arts and Humanities in 2006.

Life and career

Early life

Charisse was born as Tula Ellice Finklea in Amarillo, Texas, the daughter of Lela (née Norwood) and Ernest Enos Finklea, Sr., who was a jeweler.^[2][3] Her nickname "Sid" was taken from a sibling trying to say "Sis".^[4] (It was later spelled "Cyd" at MGM to give her an air of mystery.) She was a sickly girl who started dancing lessons at six to build up her strength after a bout with polio. At 12, she studied ballet in Los Angeles with Adolph Bolm and Bronislava Nijinska, and at 14, she auditioned for and subsequently danced in the Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo as "Felia Siderova" ^[5][6] and, later, "Maria Istomina".^[6]

During a European tour, she met up again with Nico Charisse, a handsome young dancer she had studied with for a time in Los Angeles. They married in Paris in 1939. They had a son, Nicky, born in 1942.^[4]

Career

The outbreak of World War II led to the break-up of the company, and when Charisse returned to Los Angeles, David Lichine offered her a dancing role in Gregory Ratoff's Something to Shout About. This brought her to the attention of choreographer Robert Alton — who had also discovered Gene Kelly — and soon she joined the Freed Unit at MGM, where she became the resident MGM ballet dancer.^[5]

Charisse was principally celebrated for her on-screen pairings with Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly. She first appeared with Astaire in a brief routine in Ziegfeld Follies (produced in 1944 and released in 1946). Her next appearance with him was as lead female role in The Band Wagon (1953), where she danced with Astaire in the acclaimed "Dancing in the Dark" and "Girl Hunt Ballet" routines. Another early role cast her opposite Judy Garland in the 1946 film The Harvey Girls.

Charisse and Gene Kelly in the "Broadway Melody Ballet" sequence from Singin' in the Rain

As Debbie Reynolds was not a trained dancer, Gene Kelly chose Charisse to partner him in the celebrated "Broadway Melody" ballet finale from Singin' in the Rain (1952), and she co-starred with Kelly in 1954's Scottish-themed musical film Brigadoon. She again took the lead female role alongside Kelly in his penultimate MGM musical It's Always Fair Weather (1956).^[7]

In 1957, she rejoined Astaire in the film version of Silk Stockings, a musical remake of 1939's Ninotchka, with Charisse taking over Greta Garbo's role. In his autobiography, Astaire paid tribute to Charisse, calling her "beautiful dynamite" and writing: "That Cyd! When you've danced with her you stay danced with."^[8][9]

In her autobiography, Charisse reflected on her experience with Astaire and Kelly: "As one of the handful of girls who worked with both of those dance geniuses, I think I can give an honest comparison. In my opinion, Kelly is the more inventive choreographer of the two. Astaire, with Hermes Pan's help, creates fabulous numbers — for himself and his partner. But Kelly can create an entire number for somebody else ... I think, however, that Astaire's coordination is better than Kelly's ... his sense of rhythm is uncanny. Kelly, on the other hand, is the stronger of the two. When he lifts you, he lifts you! ... To sum it up, I'd say they were the two greatest dancing personalities who were ever on screen. But it's like comparing apples and oranges. They're both delicious." ^[10]

Charisse and Fred Astaire "dancing in the dark" in The Band Wagon.

After the decline of the Hollywood musical in the late 1950s, Charisse retired from dancing but continued to appear in film and TV productions from the 1960s through the 1990s. She had a supporting role in Something's Got to Give (1962), the last, unfinished film of Marilyn Monroe. She made cameo appearances in Blue Mercedes's "I Want to Be Your Property" (1987) and Janet Jackson's "Alright" (1990) music videos.

Her last film appearance was in 1994 in That's Entertainment! III as one of the onscreen narrators of a tribute to the great MGM musical films.

Personal life

Charisse was married to singer Tony Martin from 1948 until her death. The marriage lasted 60 years. Cyd's first husband, whose surname she kept, was Nico Charisse (March 1906 – April 1970);^[11] they were married from 1939 to 1947.^{[citation needed]}

She had two sons, Nico "Nicky" Charisse from her first marriage, and Tony Martin, Jr. (1950-2011), from her second.^{[citation needed]} One of her daughters-in-law is Liv Lindeland,^{[citation needed]} who was Playboy magazine's Playmate of the Year for 1972. A niece of hers by marriage is actress Nana Visitor.^{[citation needed]}

Charisse wrote a joint biography with Martin (and Dick Kleiner) entitled The Two of Us (1976). She was featured in the 2001 Guinness Book of World Records under "Most Valuable Legs", since a $5 million insurance policy was reportedly accepted on her legs in 1952. MGM was reputed to have insured her legs for a million dollars each, but Charisse later revealed that that had been an invention of the MGM publicity machine.

Her daughter-in-law, Sheila Charisse, was a victim of the crash of American Airlines Flight 191 in 1979.^{[citation needed]}

In 1990, following similar moves by MGM colleagues Debbie Reynolds and Angela Lansbury, Charisse produced the exercise video Easy Energy Shape Up, targeted for active senior citizens.

Later years and death

In her eighties, Charisse made occasional public appearances and appeared frequently in documentaries spotlighting the golden age of Hollywood. She made her Broadway debut in 1992 in the musical version of Grand Hotel as the aging ballerina, Elizaveta Grushinskaya.^[4]

Charisse was admitted to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California on June 16, 2008 after suffering an apparent heart attack. She died the following day at age 86.^[12] After her death, she was buried on June 22, 2008 at Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery, a Jewish cemetery in Culver City, California, following a Christian ceremony presided over by Dr. Gary Allan Dickey, Senior Pastor of The United Methodist Church in Westlake Village.^[13][14]

Honors

Accepting the National Medal of Arts and Humanities Award in 2006, photo by Paul Morse

On November 9, 2006, in a private White House ceremony, President George W. Bush presented Cyd Charisse with the National Medal of the Arts and Humanities, the highest official U.S. honor available in the arts.^[15]

Tributes

In her collection "Tauzia 1945" fashion designer Marcela Calvet pays tribute to her by naming an exotic handbag after Cyd Charisse.

Filmography

Features:

• Something to Shout About (1943)
• Mission to Moscow (1943)
• Thousands Cheer (1943)
• Ziegfeld Follies (1945)
• The Harvey Girls (1946)
• Three Wise Fools (1946)
• Till the Clouds Roll By (1946)
• Fiesta (1947)
• The Unfinished Dance (1947)
• On an Island with You (1948)
• The Kissing Bandit (1948)
• Words and Music (1948)
• East Side, West Side (1949)
• Tension (1950)
• Mark of the Renegade (1951)
• Singin' in the Rain (1952)
• The Wild North (1952)
• Sombrero (1953)
• The Band Wagon (1953)
• Easy to Love (1953) (Cameo)
• Brigadoon (1954)
• Deep in My Heart (1954)
• It's Always Fair Weather (1955)
• Meet Me in Las Vegas (1956)
• Silk Stockings (1957)
• Twilight for the Gods (1958)
• Party Girl (1958)
• Black Tights (1960)
• Five Golden Hours (1961)
• Two Weeks in Another Town (1962)
• Something's Got To Give (1962), unfinished
• Assassination in Rome (1965)
• The Silencers (1966)
• Maroc 7 (1967)
• Film Portrait (1973) (documentary)
• Won Ton Ton, the Dog Who Saved Hollywood (1976)
• Warlords of Atlantis (1978)
• Private Screening (1989)
• That's Entertainment! III (1994)

Short subjects:

• Rhumba Serenade (1941)
• Poeme (1941)
• I Knew It Would Be This Way (1941)
• Did Anyone Call? (1941)
• Magic of Magnolias (1942)
• This Love of Mine (1942)
• 1955 Motion Picture Theatre Celebration (1955)

Music videos

• "I Want To Be Your Property" by Blue Mercedes (1988)
• "Alright" by Janet Jackson (1990)

References

1. ^ "Cyd C. Martin". Social Security Death Index. New England Historic Genealogical Society. http://www.americanancestors.org/PageDetail.aspx?recordId=108247609. Retrieved 9 March 2011. 
2. ^ Film Reference site
3. ^ NY Times article
4. ^ ^{a b c} Cyd Charisse dies in LA at 86
5. ^ ^{a b} Wollen, Peter (1992). Singin' in the Rain. London: British Film Institute. pp. 42. ISBN 0-81570-351-8. 
6. ^ ^{a b} Missiaen, Jean-Claude (1978). Cyd Charisse, du ballet classique à la comédie musicale. Paris: Henri Veyrier. pp. 38. ISBN 2-85199-186-8. 
7. ^ Charisse's singing voice was usually dubbed in her musical film appearances, most often by India Adams.
8. ^ Astaire, Fred (1959). Steps in Time. London: Heinemann. pp. 319. ISBN 0-241-11749-6. 
9. ^ In a documentary on the making of The Band Wagon (included in that film's 2006 DVD release), Charisse cites Astaire's tribute as: "When you dance with Cyd Charisse, you've been danced with".Findarticles.com
10. ^ Charisse, Cyd; Tony Martin, Dick Kleiner (1976). The Two of Us. New York: Mason/Charter. ISBN 0-884-053636. 
11. ^ Social Security Death Index
12. ^ Legendary dancer Cyd Charisse dies, CNN
13. ^ Celebrity Deaths: Cyd Charisse
14. ^ Cyd Charisse and Tony Martin--Christian Funeral at a Jewish Cemetery
15. ^ Washington Post coverage of her award presentation at the White House

External links

Biography portal

• Cyd Charisse at the Internet Movie Database
• Cyd Charisse at the Internet Broadway Database
• The Cyd Charisse Appreciation Page
• Famous Texans site
• Archive of American Television
• Legs - A tribute to Cyd Charisse
• The Official Cyd Charisse Web Site
• Photographs and bibliography
• BBC obituary
• CBC obituary
• FOX obituary
• NY Times obituary

Persondata
Name	Charisse, Cyd
Alternative names	Finklea, Tula Ellice
Short description	Actress, dancer
Date of birth	March 8, 1922
Place of birth	Amarillo, Texas, U.S.
Date of death	June 17, 2008
Place of death	Los Angeles, California, U.S.