Sutherland, New South Wales

Infobox Australian Place | type = suburb
name = Sutherland
city = Sydney
state = nsw

|thumb|250px
caption = Old Princes Highway, Sutherland
lga = Sutherland Shire
postcode = 2232
est = 1906
pop = 9,515
pop_footnotes = Census 2006 AUS | id = SSC11957 | name = Sutherland (State Suburb)|quick = on|accessdate=2007-11-29]
area =
propval = 481,000
stategov = Miranda, Heathcote, Menai
fedgov = Hughes, Cook
near-nw = Bonnet Bay
near-n = Jannali
near-ne = Kareela
near-w = Woronora
near-e = Kirrawee
near-sw = Woronora Heights
near-s = Loftus
near-se = "Royal National Park"
dist1 = 26
dir1 = south
location1= Sydney CBD

Sutherland is a suburb in southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Sutherland is located 26 kilometres south of the Sydney central business district and is the administrative centre for the local government area of the Sutherland Shire.

Commercial area

Sutherland is a mostly a residential area with a shopping centre located close to Sutherland station. Some commercial developments are also located on the Princes Highway. As the administrative centre of the Sutherland Shire, Sutherland hosts facilities such as a general purpose entertainment centre where citizenship ceremonies take place, a community centre, local government council offices and a major central library. Woronora Cemetery sits on the western border of the suburb.

Transport

Sutherland station is a junction on the Illawarra line of the City Rail network. The main line runs south to Waterfall and Wollongong and north to Sydney Central, and a branch line runs east to Cronulla.

Veolia NSW has a bus interchange at Sutherland, on both sides of Sutherland station. Services on the eastern side of the station connect Westfield Miranda, Gymea, Kirrawee and Grays Point. Services on the western side connect Loftus, Engadine, Heathcote, Menai, Illawong, Padstow, Bankstown and Woronora.

When the Southern Freeway (also known as the F6) was built linking Sydney to Wollongong, the Princes Highway was diverted away from the centre of Sutherland using Acacia Road. An F6 extension has been proposed for many years, which would link Sutherland to the Captain Cook Bridge via Miranda and onto the Southern Cross Drive via Brighton-Le-Sands.

chools

[http://www.sutherland-p.schools.nsw.edu.au/ Sutherland Public School] , [http://www.sutherlann-p.schools.nsw.edu.au/ Sutherland North Public School] , [http://www.schools.nsw.edu.au/schoolfind/locator/?section=showRecord&code=5616 Minerva School] , St Patricks College.

Churches

[http://www.stpatssutherland.org.au/ St Patrick's Catholic Church] , St John the Baptist Anglican Church, St Andrews Presbyterian Church, Sutherland Uniting Church, Sutherland Christadelphian Church and Shire Live (Pentecostal).

Parks

Prince Edward Park, Sutherland Park, Waratah Park, Peace Park, Forby Sutherland Memorial Garden, Sutherland Community Gardens, Clio Street Reserve, Glencoe Street Reserve, Gray Street Reserve, Leonay Street Reserve.

port and Recreation

Sutherland Leisure Centre located on Rawson Avenue features a 50-metre heated outdoor pool, an international size water polo pool and a multi-functional family fun and recreation area incorporating both a 50-metre and 25-metre indoor pool, spa and steamroom. The gymnasium offers fitness equipment, fitness classes, boxing / fitness circuit, martial arts room and beach volleyball court.

History

There are two theories for the origin of the Sutherland name: [ [http://www.sutherland.nsw.gov.au/ssc/rwpattach.nsf/0/Factsheet_6_FINAL_20030728.pdf/$file/Factsheet_6_FINAL_20030728.pdf Sutherland Shire place names] , fact sheet by the Sutherland Shire, August 2003]

* It is suggested that the name was taken from able seaman Forby Sutherland, who died on Captain Cook's "Endeavour" voyage. Sutherland Point at Kurnell is named after him, but there's no direct connection of him to the Sutherland Shire district.

* Thomas Mitchell as surveyor general in 1835 named the first parish south of the Georges River as the "Parish of Southerland" (South with an "o"). But it appeared in the government gazette spelt Sutherland, losing the significance of the name.

Thomas Holt (1811-88) purchased 13,000 acres (53 km²) in the 1860s that stretched from Sutherland to Cronulla. The Sutherland area was originally heavily timbered and timber-cutting became the first industry. Holt initiated many commercial projects including timber cutting, coal mining, sheep farming and oyster farming. He built a forty room mansion called Sutherland House in 1881 at Sylvania, on the bank of Gwawley Bay. The mansion was destroyed by fire in 1918, thought to have been deliberately lit. ["The Book of Sydney Suburbs", Compiled by Frances Pollen, Angus & Robertson Publishers, 1990, Published in Australia ISBN 0207144958]

The first road through the area was South Road constructed in 1842. Later Illawarra Road was built along the ridges of high land to the Woronora River. The Princes Highway became the main thoroughfare through Sutherland, linking Sydney to the Illawarra region.

The railway line was constructed in the 1880s and development followed. Residents lived in humpies or tents in the bush. Once the land was cleared, a township developed around the railway station. In 1886 there were only four permanent buildings: the railway station, the station master's residence, the railway keeper's cottage and a general store run by a man called Bromley. The post office opened on the 1st September 1886 and a school began classes in 1887. In 1906, the shire of Sutherland was proclaimed and the name Sutherland was officially declared. The first meetings were held in the shire clerk's home and the Council Chambers were built in 1915. [http://www.sutherland.nsw.gov.au/ssc/rwpattach.nsf/0/Factsheet_6_FINAL_20030728.pdf/$file/Factsheet_6_FINAL_20030728.pdf] By the 1920s, steam trams operated between Cronulla and Sutherland.

References

External links

* [http://www.sutherland.nsw.gov.au/ssc/home.nsf Sutherland Shire Council]
* [http://www.ourshire.com.au/suburbs/default.htm Our Shire: Suburbs]