- Nepenthes maxima
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Nepenthes maxima 
An upper pitcher of Nepenthes maxima from Sulawesi (~400 m asl) Conservation status Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae (unranked): Angiosperms (unranked): Eudicots (unranked): Core eudicots Order: Caryophyllales Family: Nepenthaceae Genus: Nepenthes Species: N. maxima Binomial name Nepenthes maxima
Reinw. ex Nees (1824)Synonyms - Nepenthes boschiana
auct. non Korth.: Becc. (1878) - Nepenthes celebica
Hook.f. (1873)[1] - Nepenthes curtisii
Mast. (1887) - Nepenthes curtisii hybrida
Witte (1897) - Nepenthes curtisii var. superba
Hort.Veitch ex Marshall (1889) - N. maxima × N. albomarginata
Hort.Bednar (1987) - Nepenthes oblanceolata
Ridl. (1916) - Nepenthes spectabilis
auct. non Danser: Hort. ex Hort.Bednar (1987)
Heterochresonyms- Nepenthes maxima
auct. non Reinw. ex Nees: Becc. (1886)
[=N. boschiana/N. maxima/N. stenophylla/N. sumatrana] - Nepenthes maxima
auct. non Reinw. ex Nees: Cheers (1992)
[=N. northiana × N. maxima]
Pre-Linnaean names- "Cantharifera alba"
Rumph. (1750)
Nepenthes maxima (pronounced /nɨˈpɛnθiːz ˈmæksɨmə/, from Latin: maximus "greatest"), the Great Pitcher-Plant,[2] is a carnivorous pitcher plant species of the genus Nepenthes. It has a relatively wide distribution covering Sulawesi, New Guinea, and the Maluku Islands. It is closely related to N. eymae.
Nepenthes maxima exhibits extraordinary variability across its range, as evident in this selection of upper pitchers produced by plants from (left to right, top to bottom) Sulawesi at 400 m, Sulawesi at 700 m, New Guinea at 1500 m, New Guinea at 1600 m, New Guinea at 1700 m (two pitchers), New Guinea at 2300 m, and New Guinea at 2600 m.Contents
Infraspecific taxa
- Nepenthes maxima f. undulata Sh.Kurata (1985)
- Nepenthes maxima var. glabrata Becc. in sched. nom.nud.
- Nepenthes maxima var. lowii (Hook.f.) Becc. (1886) [=N. stenophylla]
- Nepenthes maxima var. minor Macf. (1917)
- Nepenthes maxima var. sumatrana (Miq.) Becc. (1886) [=N. sumatrana]
- Nepenthes maxima var. superba (Hort.Veitch ex Marshall) Veitch (1897)
In 2009, a cultivar from Lake Poso in Sulawesi was named Nepenthes maxima ‘Lake Poso’.[3]
Natural hybrids
- ? N. eymae × N. maxima[4]
- N. glabrata × N. maxima[4]
- N. klossii × N. maxima[3]
- N. maxima × N. neoguineensis[4]
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? N. glabrata × N. maxima
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N. klossii × N. maxima
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N. maxima × N. neoguineensis
References
- ^ Hooker, J.D. 1873. Nepenthaceae. In: A. de Candolle Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 17: 90–105.
- ^ Phillipps, A. & A. Lamb 1996. Pitcher-Plants of Borneo. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
- ^ a b Evans, D.P. 2009. New Cultivars: Nepenthes maxima ‘Lake Poso’. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 38(1): 18–22.
- ^ a b c McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
- Adam, J.H., C.C. Wilcock & M.D. Swaine 1992. The ecology and distribution of Bornean Nepenthes.PDF Journal of Tropical Forest Science 5(1): 13–25.
- Adam, J.H. 1997. Prey spectra of Bornean Nepenthes species (Nepenthaceae) in relation to their habitat.PDF Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 20(2–3): 121–134.
- Adam, J.H. & C.C. Wilcock 1999. Palynological study of Bornean Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae).PDF Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science 22(1): 1–7.
- Amoroso, V.B. & R.A. Aspiras 2011. Hamiguitan Range: a sanctuary for native flora. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 18(1): 7–15. doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2010.07.003
- Bonhomme, V., H. Pelloux-Prayer, E. Jousselin, Y. Forterre, J.-J. Labat & L. Gaume 2011. Slippery or sticky? Functional diversity in the trapping strategy of Nepenthes carnivorous plants. New Phytologist 191(2): 545–554. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2011.03696.x
- Clarke et al. (2000). Nepenthes maxima. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 12 May 2006.
- Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15.
- James, G. 1993. Some observations of carnivorous plants in habitat, Sulawesi: Indonesia.PDF Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 22(1–2): 29–30.
- (Indonesian) Mansur, M. 2001. Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias.PDF In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
- Shin, K.-S., S. Lee & B.J. Cha 2007. Suppression of phytopathogenic fungi by hexane extract of Nepenthes ventricosa x maxima leaf. Fitoterapia 78(7–8): 585–586. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2007.03.020
- Thorogood, C. 2010. The Malaysian Nepenthes: Evolutionary and Taxonomic Perspectives. Nova Science Publishers, New York.
- Toma, I., C. Toma & I. Stănescu 2002. Histo-anatomical aspects of the Nepenthes maxima Reinw. ex Ness metamorphosed leaf.PDF Revue Roumaine de Biologie, Série de Biologie Végétale 47(1–2): 3–7.
External links
Incompletely diagnosed taxa: N. sp. Misool • N. sp. Papua • N. sp. Sulawesi
Possible extinct species: N. echinatus • N. echinosporus • N. major
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