Politics of Shanghai

Shanghai municipal government building.

The Politics of Shanghai is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in the mainland of the People's Republic of China (PRC). In the last few decades the city has produced many of the country's eventual senior leaders. The city has been important politically to China since the end of the 19th Century.

The Mayor of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government (上海市人民政府市长, abbreviated as 上海市市长) is the highest ranking executive official in Shanghai. Since Shanghai is a direct-controlled municipality of China, the mayor occupies the same level in the order of precedence as provincial governors. However, in the city's dual party-government governing system, the mayor has less power than the Communist Party of China Shanghai Municipal Committee Secretary (中国共产党上海市委员会书记, abbreviated as 中共上海市委书记), colloquially termed the "Shanghai CPC Party chief".

Before 1941, Shanghai had a split administration: the International Settlement (governed under the Shanghai Municipal Council), the French Concession, and the Chinese City. The Chinese city was invaded by the Japanese in 1937 and the foreign concessions were occupied by the Japanese in 1941. After the occupation, the foreign powers formally ceded the territory to the Nationalist Government in Chongqing (a move largely symbolic until the Japanese surrender since the Nationalists no longer controlled Shanghai).

Since Shanghai-born Chen Liangyu took municipal leadership in 2002, because of the increasing friction between the Shanghai clique and the central government under Hu Jintao, Shanghai's economic development has deviated from national policy considerably. Chen believed that wealth produced in Shanghai should stay in Shanghai and benefit only Shanghai citizens. Before Chen was charged with corruption in 2006, Shanghai's level of autonomy alarmed central authorities, as it surpassed that of many autonomous regions.

List of party chiefs

Order	CPC Party Secretary	Term	Notes
1	Rao Shushi	1949—1950	later purged in 1954
2	Chen Yi	1950—1954	military commander
3	Ke Qingshi	1954—1965
4	Chen Pixian	1965—1967
5	Zhang Chunqiao	1971—1976
6	Su Zhenhua	1976—1979	De facto Peng Chong
7	Peng Chong	1979—1980
8	Chen Guodong	1980—1985
9	Rui Xingwen	1985—1987
10	Jiang Zemin	1987—1989	later General Secretary (1989-2002) and President (1993-2003)
11	Zhu Rongji	1989—1991	later Premier
12	Wu Bangguo	1991—1994	later Chairman of the National People's Congress
13	Huang Ju	1994—2002	later Vice-Premier
14	Chen Liangyu	2002—2006	dismissed for corruption
	Han Zheng	2006—2007	Acting
15	Xi Jinping	2007	Former Party Chief in Zhejiang and Fujian Promoted to Politburo Standing Committee
16	Yu Zhengsheng	2007—	Former Party Chief in Hubei

List of Mayors

Mayor	Term	Notes
Huang Fu	July 7, 1927 - April 1929	First mayor of Shanghai.
Chang Ch'ün	April 1929 - January 1932
Wu Tiecheng	January 1932 - April 1937
Yu Hung-Chun	April 1937 - November 1937	Fled city following fall of Shanghai to the Empire of Japan in the Battle of Shanghai.
Chen Gongbo	November 1940 - December 1944	Japanese collaborationist
Zhou Fohai	December 1944 - August 1945	last Japanese collaborationist mayor, arrested by Kuomintang forces
K. C. Wu	August 1945 - May 1949	last Kuomintang mayor, fled after communist takeover
Chen Yi	May 1949 — November 1958	military commander
Ke Qingshi	November 1958 — April 9, 1965
Cao Diqiu	December 1965 — February 1967	purged during the Cultural Revolution
Zhang Chunqiao	February 24, 1967 — October 1976	Chairman of Shanghai Revolutionary Committee Member of Gang of Four, sentenced for treason
Su Zhenhua	November 1976 — February 7, 1979	Chairman of Shanghai Revolutionary Committee
Peng Chong	February 1979 — April 1981	De facto head from late 1976.
Wang Daohan	April 1981 — July 1985	Jiang mentor
Jiang Zemin	July 1985 — April 1988	later General Secretary (1989-2002) and President (1993-2003)
Zhu Rongji	April 1988 — April 1991	later Premier (1998-2003)
Huang Ju	April 1991 — February 1995	later Vice-Premier (2003-died in office on 2 June 2007)
Xu Kuangdi	February 1995 — December 7, 2001	Demoted
Chen Liangyu	December 7, 2001 — February 21, 2003	Later sacked
Han Zheng	February 21, 2003 - present	Concurrently acting party chief 2006-2007

List of Chairmen of Shanghai People's Congress

1. Yan Youmin (严佑民): 1979－1981
2. Hu Lijiao (胡立教): 1981－1988
3. Ye Gongqi (叶公琦): 1988－1998
4. Chen Tiedi (陈铁迪): 1998－2003
5. Gong Xueping (龚学平): 2003-2008
6. Liu Yungeng (刘云耕) : 2008-current

List of Chairmen of Shanghai CPPCC

1. Ke Qingshi (柯庆施): 1955－1958
2. Chen Pixian (陈丕显): 1958－1967
3. Peng Chong (彭冲): 1977－1979
4. Wang Yiping (王一平): 1979－1983
5. Li Guohao (李国豪): 1983－1988
6. Xie Xide (谢希德): 1988－1993
7. Chen Tiedi (陈铁迪): 1993－1998
8. Wang Liping (王力平): 1998－2003
9. Jiang Yiren (蒋以任): 2003－2008
10. Feng Guoqin (冯国勤): 2008-current

See also

	Shanghai portal
	Politics portal

• Mayor of Beijing
• Mayor of Chongqing
• Mayor of Guangzhou
• Mayor of Tianjin
• Sister city