# NOR gate

NOR gate
 INPUT A   B OUTPUT A NOR B 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0

The NOR gate is a digital logic gate that implements logical NOR - it behaves according to the truth table to the right. A HIGH output (1) results if both the inputs to the gate are LOW (0). If one or both input is HIGH (1), a LOW output (0) results. NOR is the result of the negation of the OR operator. NOR is a functionally complete operation—combinations of NOR gates can be combined to generate any other logical function. By contrast, the OR operator is monotonic as it can only change LOW to HIGH but not vice versa.

In most, but not all, circuit implementations, the negation comes for free—including CMOS and TTL. In such logic families, OR is the more complicated operation; it may use a NOR followed by a NOT. A significant exception is some forms of the domino logic family.

The original Apollo Guidance Computer used 4,100 ICs, each one containing only a single 3-input NOR gate.

## Symbols

There are three symbols for NOR gates: the American (ANSI or 'military') symbol and the IEC ('European' or 'rectangular') symbol, as well as the deprecated DIN symbol. For more information see Logic Gate Symbols.

 MIL/ANSI Symbol IEC Symbol DIN Symbol

## Hardware description and pinout

NOR Gates are basic logic gates, and as such they are recognised in TTL and CMOS ICs. The standard, 4000 series, CMOS IC is the 4001, which includes four independent, two-input, NOR gates. The pinout diagram is as follows:

 Pinout Diagram of a 4001 Quad NOR DIL-format IC 1 Input A1 2 Input B1 3 Output Q1 4 Output Q2 5 Input B2 6 Input A2 7 VSS 8 Input A3 9 Input B3 10 Output Q3 11 Output Q4 12 Input B4 13 Input A4 14 VDD 

### Availability

These devices are available from most semiconductor manufacturers such as Fairchild Semiconductor, Philips or Texas Instruments. These are usually available in both through-hole DIP and SOIC format. Datasheets are readily available in most datasheet databases.

In the popular CMOS and TTL logic families, NOR gates with up to 8 inputs are available:

• CMOS
• 4001: Quad 2-input NOR gate
• 4025: Triple 3-input NOR gate
• 4002: Dual 4-input NOR gate
• 4078: Single 8-input NOR gate
• TTL
• 7402: Quad 2-input NOR gate
• 7427: Triple 3-input NOR gate
• 7425: Dual 4-input NOR gate (with strobe, obsolete)
• 74260: Dual 5-Input NOR Gate
• 744078: Single 8-input NOR Gate

In the older RTL and ECL families, NOR gates were efficient and most commonly used.

## Implementations

 The physical layout of a CMOS NOR

This diagrams above show the construction of a 2-input NOR gate using NMOS logic circuitry. If either of the inputs are high, the corresponding N-channel MOSFET is turned on and the output is pulled low; otherwise the output is pulled high through the pull-up resistor. The diagram below shows a 2-input NOR gate using CMOS technology. The diodes and resistors on the inputs are to protect the CMOS components from damage due to electrostatic discharge (ESD) and play no part in the logical function of the circuit.

Unbuffered CMOS two input NOR gate

### Alternatives

NOR Gate Constructed Using Only NAND Gates
NAND Gate Constructed Using Only NOR Gates

If no specific NOR gates are available, one can be made from NAND gates in the configuration shown below. Any logic gate can be made either from a combination of NAND gates or from a combination of NOR gates.

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### Look at other dictionaries:

• NOR gate — loginis ARBA NE elementas statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: angl. NOR gate vok. logisches NOR Gatter, n rus. логический элемент ИЛИ НЕ, m pranc. élément OU NON, m; porte OU NON, f …   Automatikos terminų žodynas

• NOR gate — Computers. See NOR circuit. [1965 70] * * * …   Universalium

• NOR gate — Computers. See NOR circuit. [1965 70] …   Useful english dictionary

• exclusive NOR gate — loginis ekvivalentumo elementas statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: angl. biconditional gate; equality gate; equivalence element; equivalence gate; equivalent to element; exclusive NOR gate; identity element; material equivalence element… …   Automatikos terminų žodynas

• AND-NOR gate — loginis IR NE ARBA elementas statusas T sritis automatika atitikmenys: angl. AND NOR gate vok. logisches UND NOR Gatter, n rus. логический элемент И НЕ ИЛИ, m pranc. élément ET OU NON, m; porte ET OU NON, f …   Automatikos terminų žodynas

• NOR logic — This article is about NOR Logic in the sense of building other logic gates using just NOR gates. For NOR gates, see NOR gate. For NOR in the purely logical sense, see Logical NOR. For logic gates in general, see Logic Gate. A single NOR gate Like …   Wikipedia

• Nor — For the Wikipedia policy, see Wikipedia:No original research. Nor may refer to: In grammar, nor is a coordinating conjunction Nór, the eponymous founder king of Norway in Norse mythology Nor (Wicked), a character in the book in Wicked nor , a… …   Wikipedia

• NOR-Gatter — Gatter Typen   NOT AND NAND OR NOR XOR XNOR Ein NOR Gatter (von englisch: not or – nicht oder; auch Peirce Funktion …   Deutsch Wikipedia

• NOR circuit — /nawr/ Computers. a circuit that is energized only when none of its inputs are energized. Also called NOR gate. [1955 60] * * * …   Universalium

• NOR circuit — /nawr/ Computers. a circuit that is energized only when none of its inputs are energized. Also called NOR gate. [1955 60] …   Useful english dictionary