Order of the Yugoslav Star

Order of the Yugoslav Star
Yugoslav Great Star (the badge, the star and the ribbon bar)
Award of  Yugoslavia and  Serbia and Montenegro
Type	National order of merit in 4 Classes
Ribbon
Awarded for	Development and strengthening of peace and cooperation between nations
Established	1 February 1954
Precedence
Next (higher)	no (1954-1992) Order of Yugoslavia (1998-2006)
Next (lower)	varies, depending on the class[1]

Order of the Yugoslav Star (Serbo-Croatian: Orden jugoslavenske zvijezde or Orden jugoslovenske zvezde, Slovene: Red jugoslovanske zvezde; Macedonian: Орден југословенска ѕвезда) was the highest National order of merit awarded in Yugoslavia.^[1] It was divided into four classes. The highest class, the Yugoslav Great Star was the highest state decoration awarded in Yugoslavia. The order was mostly awarded to foreign heads of state for the development and strengthening of peace and cooperation between nations.

The Order of the Yugoslav Star was also the second highest order of merit in Serbia and Montenegro.

History

Order of the Yugoslav Star was founded by the President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito on 1 February 1954 and had three Classes^[2]. Law on Decorations was amended on 1 March 1961, so from then on, the Order had four Classes:

• Yugoslav Great Star — highest decoration in SFR Yugoslavia
• Yugoslav Star with Sash (before 1961 Order of the Yugoslav Star, I Class) — 8th highest decoration in SFR Yugoslavia
• Yugoslav Star with Golden Wreath (before 1961 Order of the Yugoslav Star, II Class) — 14th highest decoration in SFR Yugoslavia
• Yugoslav Star on Cravat (before 1961 Order of the Yugoslav Star, III Class) — 24th highest decoration in SFR Yugoslavia

After the dissolution of SFR Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (and later Serbia and Montenegro) continued to use some of the decorations of former Yugoslavia, among them Order of the Yugoslav Star^[2]. In the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Order of the Yugoslav Star was the second highest order after the Order of Yugoslavia^[3]. During this time the four Classes of the order were named:^[3]

• Yugoslav Great Star — 2nd highest decoration in FR Yugoslavia (after the Order of Yugoslavia)
• Yugoslav Star, I Class — 7th highest decoration in FR Yugoslavia
• Yugoslav Star, II Class — 20th highest decoration in FR Yugoslavia
• Yugoslav Star, III Class — 31st highest decoration in FR Yugoslavia

Gallery

• 

  Yugoslav Great Star (the badge, the star and the ribbon)

• 

  Yugoslav Star with Sash (the badge, the ribbon and the star)

• 

  Yugoslav Star with Golden Wreath (the badge and the star)

• 

  Yugoslav Star on Cravat (the badge and the ribbon)

Recipients

The Order was usually awarded to foreign heads of state and other distinguished foreigners who visited Yugoslavia. Up to 1985, the Yugoslav Great Star was awarded 127 times of which 115 to foreigners and 12 to Yugoslav citizens.^[4]

Some of the notable recipients of the Yugoslav Great Star (or Yugoslav Star, I Class before 1961) are:

• Josip Broz Tito, President of Yugoslavia - awarded on 1 February 1954^[5]
• Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia - awarded on 21 July 1954^[6]
• Mohammed Zahir Shah, King of Afghanistan - awarded on 1 November 1960^[7]
• Hassan II, King of Morocco - awarded on 1 April 1961^[8]
• Leonid Brezhnev, Soviet leader - awarded in 1962^[9]
• Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran - awarded in on 3 June 1966^[10]
• Norodom Sihanouk, King of Cambodia - awarded on 17 January 1968^[11]
• Jacques Chaban-Delmas, Prime Minister of France^[12]
• Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom - awarded on 19 October 1972^[13]
• Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh - awarded on 19 October 1972^[14]
• Olav V, King of Norway^[15]
• Harald V, King of Norway^[16]
• Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark^[17]
• Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark^[18]
• Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Prime Minister of Mongolia
• Gaafar Nimeiry, President of the Sudan^[19]
• Birendra, King of Nepal - awarded on 2 February 1974^[20]
• Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait - awarded on 3 February 1979^[21]
• Juliana, Queen of the Netherlands^[22]
• Bernhard, Prince consort of the Netherlands^[23]
• Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands
• Hussein I, King of Jordan - awarded on 11 February 1979^[24]
• Akihito, Emperor of Japan^[25]
• Muammar al-Gaddafi, leader of Libya - awarded on 26 October 1999^[26]

See also

• Orders, decorations, and medals of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
• Orders and medals of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Orders and Decorations of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, 1945-90 by Lukasz Gaszewski 2000, 2003
2. ^ ^{a b} Standard magazin: Srbija ponovo deli odlikovanja, br.133, 05.12.2008. (Serbian)
3. ^ ^{a b} Orders and Decorations of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, 1990- by Lukasz Gaszewski 2000, 2003
4. ^ Samler.ru: Order of the Yugoslav Grand Star (Russian)
5. ^ see: Awards and decorations of Josip Broz Tito
6. ^ ETHIOPIA: The Solomonic Dynasty GENEALOGY by Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - February 2009
7. ^ JORDAN: Al-Hashimi Dynasty GENEALOGY by Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - February 2009
8. ^ AFGHANISTAN: The Barakzai Dynasty GENEALOGY by Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - February 2009
9. ^ warheroes.ru: Брежнев Леонид Ильич, Смыслов О.С. "Загадки советских наград. 1918-1991 годы." - М.: "Вече", 2005, с. 214-216. (Russian)
10. ^ The Pahlavi Dynasty GENEALOGY by Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - February 2009
11. ^ CAMBODIA: The Varman Dynasty GENEALOGY by Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - February 2009
12. ^ ORDRE DE LA LIBERATION: Jacques Chaban-Delmas (French)
13. ^ see: List of titles and honours of Queen Elizabeth II
14. ^ see: List of titles and honours of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
15. ^ Royal House of Norway web page on King Olav V's decorations (Norwegian) Retrieved 5 October 2007
16. ^ Royal House of Norway web page on The Decorations of HM The King (Norwegian) Retrieved 5 October 2007
17. ^ The Danish Monarchy official site: H.M. Dronningens dekorationer (Danish)
18. ^ The Danish Monarchy official site: H.K.H. Prinsgemalens dekorationer (Danish)
19. ^ Samler.ru: Фото награжденных 2: 1. Dzafar Nimeiri.
20. ^ NEPAL: The Royal House of Shah GENEALOGY by Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - February 2009
21. ^ KUWAIT: Al-Sabah Dynasty GENEALOGY by Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - February 2009
22. ^ IN MEMORIAM HARE MAJESTEIT KONINGIN JULIANA (Dutch)
23. ^ In dienst van Oranje: Prins Bernhard, Prins der Nederlanden (Dutch)
24. ^ JORDAN: Al-Hashimi Dynasty GENEALOGY by Christopher Buyers, August 2000 - February 2009
25. ^ see: Akihito#Awards
26. ^ Kosova Crisis Center: Gaddafi Given Yugoslavia's Top Medal By Milosevic, Reuters, October 26 1999 06:22 AM EDT