Unique Identification Authority of India

Unique Identification Authority of India(UID)
भारतीय विशिष्ट पहचान प्राधिकरण
UIDAI (Aadhaar UIDAI new logo)
Agency overview
Formed	February 2009
Jurisdiction	Government of India (Union Government)
Headquarters	New Delhi
Annual budget	3,000 crore (US$608.4 million) (2010)
Agency executives	Nandan Nilekani, Chairman Ram Sewak Sharma, Director General and Mission Director
Website
uidai.gov.in

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Hindi: भारतीय विशिष्ट पहचान प्राधिकरण), is an agency of the Government of India responsible for implementing the AADHAAR scheme, a unique identification project. It was established in February 2009, and will own and operate the Unique Identification Number database.[1] The authority aims to provide a unique id number to all Indians, but not smart cards.[2] The authority will maintain a database of residents containing biometric and other data.[3] The agency is headed by a chairman, who holds a cabinet rank. The UIDAI is part of the Planning Commission of India.[1][4] Nandan Nilekani, former co-chairman of Infosys Technologies, was appointed as the first Chairman of the authority in June 2009.[5] Ram Sewak Sharma, an IAS Officer of Jharkhand Government is the Director General and Mission Director of the Authority.[6] Salient features of AADHAAR Aadhaar is a 12-digit unique number which the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) will issue for all residents in India. The number will be stored in a centralized database and linked to the basic demographics and biometric information – photograph, ten fingerprints and iris – of each individual.It is easily verifiable in an online, cost-effective way. So also, it is unique and robust enough to eliminate the large number of duplicate and fake identities in government and private databases The random number generated will be devoid of any classification based on caste, creed, religion and geography.[7] Launch UIDAI launched AADHAAR program in the tribal village, Tembhli, in Shahada,[8][9] Nandurbar, Maharashtra on 29 September 2010. The program was inaugurated by Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh along with UPA chairperson Sonia Gandhi.[10] The first resident to receive an AADHAAR was Rajana Sonawane of Tembhli village.[11] Coverage, goals and logistics It is believed that Unique National IDs will help address the rigged state elections and widespread embezzlement that affects subsidies and poverty alleviation programs such as NREGA.[12] Addressing illegal immigration into India and terrorist threats is another goal of the program.[13] Most reports suggest that the plan is for each Indian citizen to have a unique identification number with associated identifying biometric data and photographs by 2011.[14] However, other reports claim that obtaining a unique number would be voluntary, but those that opt to stay out of the system "will find it very inconvenient: they will not have access to facilities that require you to cite your ID number."[2] Government distributed benefits are fragmented by purpose and region in India, which results in widespread bribery, denial of public services and loss of income, especially afflicting poor citizens.[15] As the unique identity database comes into existence, the various identity databases (voter ID, passports, ration cards, licenses, fishing permits, border area id cards) that already exist in India are planned to be linked to it.[2] The Authority is liaising with various national, state and local government entities to begin this process. The Union Labor Ministry has offered its verified Employment Provident Fund (EPFO) database of 42 million citizens as the first database to be integrated into the unique ID system.[16] The UID will link a person's Passport Number, Driving License, PAN card, Bank Accounts, Address, Voter ID, etc. and all this information will be checked through a database. So, for example, if someone has different addresses on PAN and driving license, that person is liable to get caught. Those who will opt out of this program will have much inconvenience in doing business, operating bank accounts and other offices which will require a UID. UIDAI has headquarters in Delhi and a technology centre in Bangalore. It also has 8 regional offices in Chandigarh, Delhi, Lucknow, Ranchi, Guwahati, Mumbai, Hyderabad and Bangalore.[17] Name and logo UID project is known as AADHAAR meaning 'support' or 'foundation', and its logo is a yellow sun with a fingerprint embedded in its centre. The logo was designed by Atul Sudhakar Rao Pande.[18] Projected costs and business opportunities One estimate of the cost to completely roll-out National IDs to all Indian residents above the age of 18 has been placed at 150,000 crore (US$30.42 billion).[19] A different estimate puts it at US$ 6 billion.[20] A sum of 100 crore (US$20.28 million) was approved in the 2009-2010 union budget to fund the agency for its first year of existence.[1] UID has received a huge boost with Dr Pranab Mukherjee, Minister of Finance, allocating 1,900 crore (US$385.32 million) to the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) for 2010-11. Initial estimates project that the initiative will create 100,000 new jobs in the country, and business opportunities worth 6,500 crore (US$1.32 billion) in the first phase [14] of implementation, over three years. Benefits Aadhaar will become the single source of identity verification. Residents would be spared the hassle of repeatedly providing supporting identity documents each time they wish to access services such as obtaining a bank account, passport, driving license and so on. By providing a clear proof of identity, Aadhaar will also facilitate entry for poor and underprivileged residents into the formal banking system and the opportunity to avail services provided by the government and the private sector. Giving migrants mobility of identity. Financial inclusion with deeper penetration of banks, insurance and easy distribution of benefits of government schemes. Enrollment Details are available at http://uidai.gov.in/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=148&Itemid=41 In Kerala Palakkad Akshya egovernance Kendras are now carrying out data collection., and registration of biometrics will follow later. Karvy is the business partner for UIDAI. In some other states Karvy is taking online reservation of enrollment slots by collecting data in advance and providing an appointment. Details for online registration are available at http://uid.karvy.com/bookmyslot/. Suggestion for long term success Similar to karvymf attempt to collect information and similar to online passport applications all relevant information should be collected online by a neutral agency and a unique no. generated and, the citizen should be required to go to any of the empanelled agency for a) biometrics capture and b) verification of the data submitted online by evidencing the original testimonials, so that the time taken for data input could be saved. It is observed that it takes at least 15 minutes for enrolling a person. Additionally automatic classification into poor (and hence needing benefits) could be done in a cost effective manner through polling by sms. Every Aadhaar holder would be needed to suggest five other Aadhaar numbers whom he/she considers poor and send those numbers via an sms from their mobiles(number known to the system). Top thirty percentile of those who received votes could be safely assumed to be poor. People would know who are poor in their locality and this dynamic scheme would be corruption free too. Negative voting to disqualify someone from benefits and varying cut-off based on locality could be added features. These suggestions assume people to know computer and mobile operation something which is increasingly possible due to internet and mobile penetration. Risks According to the UIDAI Model, Aadhaar is dependent on biometrics being reliable enough to guarantee that there is a one-to-one correspondence between real people and electronic identities on the CIDR (central ID repository). In December 2010, UIDAI published the report on their proof of concept trial designed to test, among other things, whether biometrics are reliable enough to guarantee that every entry on the CIDR is unique. UIDAI's figures published show error rate at .01% using finger print and iris only, this low rate combined with photograph match can achieve the desired unique identification. There have been concerns expressed in some quarters that the biometrics data is not reliable enough, and that Aadhaar might drown in a sea of false positives. Earlier, in March 2010, three academics published a paper, Fundamental issues in biometric performance testing: A modern statistical and philosophical framework for uncertainty assessment arguing that the level of uncertainty in biometrics is so great that tests tell you nothing, they cannot be used to predict how well biometrics technology will perform in the real world. One of them, Antonio Possolo, is head of the statistical engineering division at the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), an organisation that has advised UIDAI in the past. On this occasion, UIDAI has not followed NIST's advice. With its academic support now withdrawn, the outlook for the global mass consumer biometrics industry has darkened, Throwing the towel in. At the same time, governments elsewhere are abandoning ship. NSTIC, the US National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace makes no mention of using biometrics. Neither does IdA, the UK plan for digital delivery identity assurance. And Holland has suspended its plan to develop a centralised population register including everyone's biometrics. India may find itself the last adherent of this receding faith. Here's a detailed article about how the implementation is proceeding. UIDAI is using data collected by the Census authorities to prepare the National Population Register(NPR) for creating the UIDs. The NPR is not an exclusive database of Indian Citizens. It contains data on all residents of the country including foreigners. Therefore, issuing UIDs based on the data in the NPR would help illegal migrants get these IDs and would allow them access the government services and programs. Nationality of the individual is one of the variables being recorded during the enumeration of NPR. But the instruction to the Census personnel says:"Nationality of each person has to be asked from the respondent and recorded as declared by him". The officials have been asked to advise people to give correct nationality and that he/she can be penalized for giving false information. Such advise may not work with illegal migrants. The responsibility of proving the identity still lies on the shoulders of residents and not on UIDAI.[21] See also National Population Register References ^ a b c "Rs.100 crore for Unique Identification Project", The Hindu (Chennai, India), 17 February 2009, http://www.hindu.com/2009/02/17/stories/2009021756751000.htm, retrieved 2009-06-26, "... The Unique Identification Authority of India is being established under the aegis of the Planning Commission for which a notification has been issued in January 2009. A provision of Rs.100 crore has been made in the annual Plan 2009-10 for this ..."  ^ a b c "Nilekani to give numbers, ministries to issue cards", The Economic Times, 16 July 2009, http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Nilekani-to-give-numbers-ministries-to-issue-cards/articleshow/4782505.cms, retrieved 2009-07-18  ^ "Nilekani takes charge, says first set of IDs in 12-18 months". The Times Of India. 2009-07-24. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/4812763.cms.  ^ "India gets Info czar in Nilekani", The Statesman, 25 June 2009, http://www.thestatesman.net/page.news.php?clid=1&theme=&usrsess=1&id=258987, retrieved 2009-06-25, "... Nandan M Nilekani ... will be the chairman of the Unique Identification Database Authority of India under the aegis of the Planning Commission ... Mr Nilekani will have the rank and status of a Cabinet minister ..." [dead link] ^ "PIB Press Release". Pib.nic.in. http://pib.nic.in/release/release.asp?relid=49370. Retrieved 2010-10-01.  ^ http://www.iaadhaar.com/what-is-aadhaar/ ^ http://uidai.gov.in /index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=57&Itemid=105 ^ http://news.rediff.com/slide-show/2010/sep/29/slide-show-1-tembhalis-open-letter-to-pm-sonia.htm ^ http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report_in-time-warp-tembhali-village-leapfrogs-to-present_1444941 ^ "Aadhar takes off: PM, Sonia launch UID in tribal village". Indianexpress.com. http://www.indianexpress.com/news/aadhar-takes-off-pm-sonia-launch-uid-in-tribal-village/689953/. Retrieved 2010-10-01.  ^ "Sonia is my ''Aadhaar'', says first UID recipient - NDTV Profit". Profit.ndtv.com. http://profit.ndtv.com/news/show/sonia-is-my-aadhaar-says-first-uid-recipient-102664. Retrieved 2010-10-01.  ^ Bajaj, Vikas (25 June 2009), "India Undertakes Ambitious ID Card Plan", The New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/26/world/asia/26india.html?ref=global-home, retrieved 2009-06-26, "... Policy makers see a national ID card as critical to improving the delivery of social services, subsidies and other government programs while also strengthening national security ... the majority of aid earmarked for the poor does not reach them, and it is hard for the government to detect embezzlement and misuse of funds ..."  ^ "Nilekani first chief of Unique ‘ID’ project", The Assam Tribune, 25 June 2009, http://www.assamtribune.com/scripts/details.asp?id=jun2609/at08, retrieved 2009-06-26, "... For long, national identity cards have been advocated to enhance national security, prevent potential terrorist attacks and stop illegal immigration, said officials ..."  ^ a b "National ID card project", Indiatimes Infotech, 1 July 2009, http://infotech.indiatimes.com/quickiearticleshow/4716195.cms, retrieved 2009-07-01, "... Some estimates suggest that the project will create at least an 100,000 additional jobs in the country in the next three years ... According to the plan, govt proposes to issue a unique identification number to all citizens by 2011 ..."  ^ "ID'ing the masses may solve Indian identity crisis", Associated Press, 17 July 2009, http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5in-4HjGNPD33PqF5WGPvx4m_jewQD99G25900, retrieved 2009-07-18, "... For long, national identity cards have been advocated to enhance national security, prevent potential terrorist attacks and stop illegal immigration, said officials ..." [dead link] ^ "Nilekani may get EPFO database for UID project", Indian Express, 18 July 2009, http://www.indianexpress.com/news/Nilekani-may-get-EPFO-database-for-UID-project/491049, retrieved 2009-07-18, "... “This is an opportunity for us to get ID cards for the subscribers of EPFO and ESI. We would like the EPFO subscribers to be first beneficiaries of the Unique Identity Card (UID) project,” a senior Labour Ministry official told The Indian Express ..."  ^ [1][dead link] ^ K. Balchand (2010-04-26). "The Hindu : News / National : UID number gets brand name, logo". Beta.thehindu.com. http://beta.thehindu.com/news/national/article410397.ece?homepage=true. Retrieved 2010-10-01.  ^ Citizen IDs to cost Rs 10,000 crore Template:GOVT. OF INDIA  ^ "इंफोिसस से िवदा लेंगे नंदन नीलेकिण Nilekani will bid adieu to Infosys", OneIndia Hindi, 25 June 2009, http://thatshindi.oneindia.in/news/2009/06/25/nilekani-quits-infy-board.html, retrieved 2009-06-26, "... इस महत्वाकांक्षी प्रोजेक्ट पर करीब छह अरब डालर का ख़र्च होगा (this ambitious project will cost about $2.5 billion) ... नीलेकिण को कैिबनेट मंत्री का दर्ज़ा िमलेगा (Nilekani will receive the rank of a cabinet minister) ..."  ^ Rajanish Dass, Unique Identification for Indians: A Divine Dream or a Miscalculated Heroism?, 2011 External links Official Website of UIDAI Online Appointment Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая? Badminton at the 2011 Pan American Games Multiquaestia Look at other dictionaries: Chair of the Unique Identification Authority of India — The Chair of the Unique Identification Authority of India is the head of the Unique Identification Authority of India and one of the cabinet ministers of the Government of India. Categories: Indian government stubsCabinet of India …   Wikipedia National identification number — A national identification number, national identity number, or national insurance number is used by the governments of many countries as a means of tracking their citizens, permanent residents, and temporary residents for the purposes of work,… …   Wikipedia 2011 census of India — A sticker pasted at a house to mark it counted in the 2011 census of India. More than 500 million similar stickers were printed and pasted at houses to mark them as counted . 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