Motor speech disorders

Motor speech disorders

Motor speech disorders are a class of speech disorder that disturb the body's natural ability to speak. These disturbances vary in their etiology based on the integrity and integration of cognitive, neuromuscular, and musculoskeletal activities. Speaking is an act dependent on thought and timed execution of airflow and oral motor / oral placement of the lips, tongue, and jaw that can be disrupted by weakness in oral musculature (dysarthria) or an inability to execute the motor movements needed for specific speech sound production (apraxia). Such deficits can be related to pathology of the nervous system (central and /or peripheral systems involved in motor planning) that affect the timing of respiration, phonation, prosody, and articulation in isolation or in conjunction.

Dysarthria

Main article: Dysarthria

Dysarthria is the reduced ability to motor plan volitional movements needed for speech production as the result of weakness/paresis and/or paralysis of the musculature of the oral mechanism needed for respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation, and or prosody.

Apraxia

Main article: Apraxia of speech

Apraxia is the inability to motor plan volitional movement for speech production in the absence of muscular weakness.

v · d · eSymptoms and signs: Speech and voice / Symptoms involving head and neck (R47–R49, 784)
Aphasia/Dysphasia
Other speech disturbances
Symbolic dysfunctions
Voice disturbances
Other

M: PSO/PSI

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dsrd (o, p, m, p, a, d, s), sysi/epon, spvo

proc(eval/thrp), drug(N5A/5B/5C/6A/6B/6D)

M: MOU

anat/devp

noco/cofa(c)/cogi/tumr, sysi

proc (peri), drug (A1)

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