Manhattan Institute for Policy Research

Manhattan Institute for Policy Research
Manhattan Institute
for Policy Research
Motto Turning Intellect into Influence
Formation 1978
Type Public policy think tank
Headquarters 52 Vanderbilt Avenue
Location New York, NY
President Lawrence J. Mone
Website www.manhattan-institute.org

The Manhattan Institute for Policy Research (renamed in 1981 from the International Center for Economic Policy Studies) is a conservative,[1][2] market-oriented[3] think tank established in New York City in 1978 by Antony Fisher and William J. Casey, with its headquarters at 52 Vanderbilt Avenue in Midtown Manhattan.[4] The organization describes its mission as to "develop and disseminate new ideas that foster greater economic choice and individual responsibility". The Institute, known for its advocacy of free market-based solutions to policy problems, supports and publicizes research on the economy, energy, education, health care, welfare reform, the legal system, crime reduction, and urban life[clarification needed], among others. Its message is communicated through books, articles, interviews, speeches, op-eds, and through the institute's quarterly publication City Journal, targeted at policymakers, politicians, scholars, and journalists.

George W. Bush addressing a Manhattan Institute-sponsored event at Federal Hall on November 13, 2008, speaking against too much government involvement in resolving the Global financial crisis of 2008.

Contents

Divisions

Center for the American University

Directed by senior fellows John Leo, James Piereson and John McWhorter, the Center for the American University hosts forums and conferences with influential voices in higher education reform like Mark Bauerlein, Victor Davis Hanson, and Anthony Kronan,[5] and manages the web site Minding the Campus, in addition to producing regularly published articles and op-eds.[6][7] It also oversees the administration of the VERITAS Fund for Higher Education Reform,[8] the goal of which "is to restore what conservative and other critics see as leading casualties of the campus culture wars of the 1980s and '90s: the teaching of Western culture and a triumphal interpretation of American history"[9] and serve to "work against the thrust of programs and courses in gender, race and class studies, and postmodernism in general".[9]

Center for State and Local Leadership

The Center for Civic Innovation's regularly publishes research reports and bulletins on the topics of prisoner re-entry, pension reform, public housing, infrastructure, school choice, and policing, and manages an online database of urban policy resources, Cities on a Hill, launched in November 2009.[10]

Social Entrepreneurship Initiative

The Center for Civic Innovation's Social Entrepreneurship Initiative was established in 2001 on the belief that "in a healthy society, markets are complemented by charitable and philanthropic enterprises which both help those in need and help prepare citizens to realize their potential".[11][12] Each year, it awards up to five innovative nonprofit leaders with a $25,000 Social Entrepreneurship Award.[13] It also gives out a $100,000 William E. Simon Prize for Lifetime Achievement in Social Entrepreneurship.[14] Past winners include Knowledge Is Power Program founders Mike Feinberg and Dave Levin and The Doe Fund founder George T. McDonald. The Social Entrepreneurship Initiative also sponsors the #William E. Simon Lectures on Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship.

Urban Innovator Award

Since 2000, the Center for Civic Innovation has awarded the annual Urban Innovator Award to urban leaders with "effective approaches to improving life in America’s cities".[15] Past winners include NYPD Commissioner Raymond Kelly, Former Washington DC Mayor Anthony A. Williams, and Former Florida Governor Jeb Bush. The 2009 Urban Innovator Award was presented to Atlanta Housing Authority President Renee Glover.[16]

Center for Legal Policy

The Center for Legal Policy, directed by senior fellow James Copland,[17] is known for its position that "America's litigation system reduces innovation and investment, lowers safety and well-being, and erodes the risk-taking and personal responsibility essential to our free society.".[18] It regularly publishes reports and books on the subject and sponsors the web sites Point of Law and Trial Lawyers Inc..

Institute scholar Peter W. Huber and former scholar Walter Olson were two of the first public policy experts to advocate for tort and litigation reform.[citation needed] Huber's books Liability: The Legal Revolution and its Consequences (1988) and Galileo's Revenge: Junk Science in the Courtroom (1991) and Olson's book The Litigation Explosion: What Happened When America Unleashed the Lawsuit (1991) are credited by many[who?] with framing the initial political debate over frivolous litigation, and raising the profile of this previously obscure political issue in the early 1990s.[19][20]

Center for Medical Progress

The Center for Medical Progress is dedicated to articulating the importance of medical progress and the connection between free-market institutions and making medical progress both possible and widely available throughout the world. Reports from the Center for Medical Progress, directed by senior fellow Paul Howard,[21] focus on Medicare (United States)/Medicaid, consumer-driven health care, Food and Drug Administration reform, and drug importation/price controls. The center also publishes MedicalProgressToday.com, a web magazine about market-friendly health care-related public policies featuring original articles, podcast interviews with health care experts, and opinion forums.

Senior fellow and Canadian physician David Gratzer, was called upon to testify before the United States Congress twice in 2009. On June 10, 2009, he appeared before the United States House Education Subcommittee on Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions to testify on the single payer health care option.[22][23] On June 24, 2009, he appeared before the House Committee on Ways and Means to testify on reforming the U.S. health care system.[24]

In November 2009, Encounter Books published Gratzer's broadside "Why Obama’s Government Takeover of Health Care Will Be a Disaster", which examines the current system and presents free-market strategies to reform it "without ruining the patient / doctor relationship, stifling scientific advances, and further devastating our economy".[25][26]

In May 2009, Douglas Holtz-Eakin, former director of the Congressional Budget Office, wrote a report for the Manhattan Institute on bipartisan health care reform based on conservative principles entitled Forging a New Plan For Health Care: Principles and Priorities for Sustainable Reform.

Center for Energy Policy and the Environment

Senior Fellows Robert Bryce, Peter W. Huber and Jim Manzi research and write about free-market solutions to American energy supply issues and are especially concerned with the energy supply's relatedness to economic stability and national security. Huber's latest report advocates the utilization of natural gas and electricity over oil.[27]

Empire Center for New York State Policy

Established in January 2005 under the directorship of senior fellow Edmund J. McMahon, the Empire Center for New York State Policy is "dedicated to promoting freedom, opportunity, and enterprise in the Empire State"[28] through research reports, conferences, and commentary aimed at policymakers, media, and the public. It is located at 119 Washington Avenue in Albany, New York. On January 4, 2010, the center released a report entitled "Blueprint for a Better Budget: A Plan of Action for New York State" proposing budget solutions that the authors claim would save the state $30 billion over three years.[29][30]

Notable positions and accomplishments

Law enforcement

The Manhattan Institute is perhaps best known for its influence on law enforcement methods. In particular, the Institute is widely credited with pioneering community policing methods and more specifically quality-of-life policing, also known as "broken windows theory" after the landmark 1982 Atlantic Monthly article "Broken Windows" by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. Kelling remains a Senior Fellow at the Manhattan Institute's Center for State and Local Leadership. Broken Windows posits that dealing more effectively and comprehensively with low-level quality of life crime, previously ignored by over-stretched police forces, would pay dividends in combating more high-profile violent crime. By doing this, Wison and Kelling believed this would combat the general lawlessness that had overrun inner city areas in many American cities in the 1970s. Broken Windows policing was put to its first major large-scale test in the mid-1990s after the election of Rudolph Giuliani as mayor of New York City. Giuliani was an outspoken advocate of community policing, frequently citing the influence "Broken Windows" had on his thinking as mayor. Giuliani appointed Kelling’s intellectual collaborator William Bratton as New York City Police Commissioner in 1994, saying, "I chose Bill Bratton because he agreed with the Broken Windows theory.[31]

A follow-up book by Kelling and Catherine Coles published by the Manhattan Institute in 1996 led to further interest in community policing methods, leading many municipalities to adopt quality-of-life and community policing as official policy. Giuliani-era New York City Police Commissioner William J. "Bill" Bratton took these methods to Los Angeles on being appointed Los Angeles Police Department chief of police,.[32][33] Newark, New Jersey Mayor Cory Booker has been lauded for his Broken Windows-based approach to crime since taking office in 2006.[34][35]

Senior fellow Heather Mac Donald argues that successful crime prevention statistics from the 2008–2009 recession were a result of efficient policing, high incarceration rates, more police officers working, data–driven approaches such as CompStat which helps commanders target high–crime areas, and a policy of holding precinct commanders accountable for results.[36] She contends the decline of American cities, beginning during the 1960s, was a result of crime "spiraling out of control".[37]

Welfare reform

The Manhattan Institute was one of the key institutions that successfully pressed for reform of the welfare system in the mid-1990s.[citation needed] Charles Murray's Losing Ground: American Social Policy 1950-1980 (1984) was one of the first books to argue that the welfare state had fostered a culture and cycle of dependency that was to the detriment of both welfare recipients and the United States as a whole.[38]

Myron Magnet's The Dream and the Nightmare: The Sixties' Legacy to the Underclass (1993) laid much of the intellectual foundation for the welfare reform movement, and was cited by President George W. Bush as the book that has influenced his thinking the most after the Bible. Karl Rove has stated that Dream underlies the entire compassionate conservatism movement.

School choice

Former senior fellow Jay P. Greene’s empirical research on the efficacy of school choice helped to convince the Supreme Court of the United States to affirm the constitutionality of school vouchers in its landmark Zelman v. Simmons-Harris decision. His research was cited four times, including three times by Justice Sandra Day O’Connor who court-watchers had identified as the “swing vote” on the case.[39][40]

Health policy

Medicare

Benjamin Zycher, former Senior Fellow at Manhattan Institute's Center for Medical Progress,[41] opposes allowing the federal government to negotiate prices in the Medicare Part D prescription drug program, and argues that patients and their doctors should make their own decisions to choose drugs like Vioxx, rather than having the U.S. Food and Drug Administration decide on the basis of "bureaucratized ... scientific study."[42]

The Manhattan Institute issued a report by Frank Lichtenberg, a business professor at Columbia University, on the adverse effects of drug price negotiating in the Veterans Administration. Lichtenberg said that the VA National Formulary excludes many new drugs. Only 38% of drugs approved in the 1990s and 19% of the drugs approved since 2000 are on the formulary. He also argues that the life expectancy of veterans "may have declined" as a result.[43]

Hydraulic fracturing

The Manhattan Institute is a proponent of the hydraulic fracturing (fracking) method of extracting natural gas and oil from underground deposits. Opponents have been critical of the method owing to concerns that the chemicals involved in it lead to water contamination. In response to calls to ban fracking in parts of New York, the Manhattan Institute released a report in 2011 projecting that allowing fracking would stimulate the state economy to the tune of $11 billion.[44]

Financial crisis

After the financial collapse of 2008, Paul Singer, chairman of the Manhattan Institute, called for regulation of all investors and traders. Singer wrote that the failures were in the private market, not government.[45]

Events

Wriston Lectures

The Wriston Lecture series, established in 1987 in honor of Walter B. Wriston,[46] seeks "to inform and enrich intellectual debate surrounding the great public issues of our day, and to recognize individuals whose ideas or accomplishments have left a mark on their world."[47] Several of the annual lectures have garnered national media attention and debate, such as 2008's "How to Read the Constitution" by the Honorable Clarence Thomas[48][49][50] and 2009's "Decline is a Choice" by Dr. Charles Krauthammer.[51][52][53]

Wilson Lectures

American social scientist and Presidential Medal of Freedom recipient James Q. Wilson has delivered an annual Wilson Lecture on public policy for the Institute since 1997. 2008's lecture "Can Genes Explain our Politics?" was adapted for the Winter 2009 issue of City Journal.[54]

William E. Simon Lectures on Philanthropy and Social Entrepreneurship

Supported by the William E. Simon foundation and part of the Institute's Social Entrepreneurship Initiative, the lecture has been delivered annually since 2007 in New York City. Senior Fellow Heather Mac Donald delivered the inaugural lecture which was adapted for and published in City Journal.[55] The 2009 lecture was delivered by Bridgespan Group founder Thomas J. Tierney.[56][57] The 2010 lecture was given by William Schambra, director of the Bradley Center for Philanthropy at the Hudson Institution.

Hayek Prize and Lectures

Established in 2005, the annual Hayek Prize "honors the book published within the past two years that best reflects Friedrich von Hayek's vision of economic and individual liberty".[58] Winning authors deliver that year's Hayek Lecture and are awarded a $50,000 prize. The 2010 winners were Benn Steil and Manuel Hinds, authors of Money, Markets and Sovereignty.[59]

Alexander Hamilton Award

The Alexander Hamilton Award is awarded annually by the Manhattan Institute to individuals who have made a lasting contribution to New York City. The dinner that also serves to raise money for the Manhattan Institute. In 2008, tables at the awards dinner ranged from $75,000 to $5000 or $1000 for individual tickets. The recipients of the 2010 Alexander Hamilton Award were Joel Klein, Executive Vice President of News Corporation and former Chancellor of New York City Schools and Mortimer B. Zuckerman, Co-Founder, Chairman, and CEO, of Boston Properties, Inc., Chairman and Editor-in-Chief of U.S. News & World Report and Publisher of the New York Daily News.[60]

Young Leaders Circle

The Manhattan Institute launched its Young Leaders Circle program for policy-minded New York City-area young professionals on January 17, 2007 with inaugural speaker David Brooks.[61][62] The exclusive group meets monthly to hear from leading thinkers on the pressing issues of the day in an evening lecture and cocktail party forum. Past speakers include Ambassador John Bolton, Steve Forbes, Former Attorney General Edwin Meese, and Niall Ferguson, in addition to some of the Manhattan Institute's own senior fellows like Nicole Gelinas, Steven Malanga, and Peter W. Huber.

Notable people

People currently affiliated with the Manhattan Institute include:

  • Brian C. Anderson, editor, City Journal
  • Herman Badillo, senior fellow
  • Theodore Dalrymple, contributing editor, City Journal
  • Richard Epstein, visiting scholar
  • Edward Glaeser, senior fellow and contributing editor, City Journal
  • David Gratzer (Gratzer bio), senior fellow, Center for Medical Progress
  • Peter W. Huber, senior fellow, Center for Medical Progress, Center for Legal Policy, Center for Energy Policy and the Environment
  • Howard Husock, vice president, Policy Research
  • Kay S. Hymowitz, senior fellow and contributing editor, City Journal
  • George L. Kelling, adjunct fellow, Center for Civic Innovation
  • Andrew Klavan, contributing editor, City Journal
  • Bill Kristol, Board of Trustees member
  • John Leo, senior fellow, Center for the American University
  • Heather Mac Donald, senior fellow and contributing editor, City Journal
  • Myron Magnet, editor-at-large, City Journal
  • Steven Malanga, senior fellow and senior editor, City Journal
  • James Manzi, senior fellow
  • John McWhorter, senior fellow, Center for the American University
  • Judy Miller, adjunct fellow and contributing editor, City Journal
  • Fred Siegel, senior fellow, Center for Civic Innovation and contributing editor, City Journal
  • Guy Sorman, contributing editor, City Journal
  • Harry Stein, contributing editor, City Journal
  • Sol Stein, senior fellow and contributing editor, City Journal
  • Rick Baker, former mayor of St. Petersburg, FL
  • Michael Knox Beran, contributing editor, City Journal
  • Claire Berlinski, contributing editor, City Journal
  • Lester Brickman, visiting scholar
  • Robert Bryce, senior fellow, Center for Energy Policy and the Environment
  • James Copland, director, Center for Legal Policy
  • Daniel DiSalvo, senior fellow, Center for State and Local Leadership
  • Ted Frank, adjunct fellow, Center for Legal Policy
  • Diane Furchgott-Roth, adjunct fellow
  • Nicole Gelinas, Searle Freedom Trust Fellow at the Manhattan Institute,and contributing editor, City Journal
  • Marie Gryphon, adjunct fellow, Center for Legal Policy
  • Victor Davis Hanson, contributing editor, City Journal
  • Paul Howard, senior fellow, director, Center for Medical Progress
  • Stefan Kanfer, contributing editor, City Journal
  • E.J. McMahon, senior fellow, Empire Center
  • James Piereson, senior fellow, director, Center for the American University
  • William Stern, contributing editor, City Journal
  • Jacob Vigdor, adjunct fellow
  • Marcus Winters, senior fellow
  • Luigi Zingales, contributing editor, City Journal

People formerly affiliated with the Manhattan Institute include:

  • Reverend Dr. Floyd H. Flake, adjunct fellow, Center for Civic Innovation
  • Peggy Noonan, Board of Trustees member
  • Roger Hertog, philanthropist and Chairman Emeritus of the Institute

Notable members of the board of trustees include: William Kristol, The Weekly Standard; Robert Rosenkranz, CEO, Delphi Financial Group, Inc; and Andrew Saul, Chairman of the Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board.[63]

Funding sources

The Manhattan Institute received $19,470,416 in grants from 1985–2005, from foundations such as the Koch Family Foundations, the John M. Olin Foundation, Inc., the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, the Scaife Foundations, and the Smith Richardson Foundation.[64] The Manhattan Institute does not disclose its corporate funding, but the Capital Research Center listed its contributors as Bristol-Myers Squibb, Exxon Mobil, Chase Manhattan, CIGNA, Sprint, Reliant Energy, Lincoln Financial Group Foundation, and Merrill Lynch.[65]

References

Notes

  1. ^ Redburn, Tom (1993-12-31). "Conservative Thinkers Are Insiders - It's Now Their City Hall, and Manhattan Institute Is Uneasy - NYTimes.com". New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DE1631F932A05751C1A965958260. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  2. ^ Levy, Clifford J. (2000-10-12). "Lazio Tax Cut Is Better for State, Conservative Group Says - NYTimes.com". New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A07E4D8173FF931A25753C1A9669C8B63. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  3. ^ About Manhattan Institute, Manhattan Institute web site.
  4. ^ Gottlieb, Martin (May 5, 1986). "Conservative Policy Unit Takes Aim at New York". The New York Times: B4. http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F5071FFA35590C768CDDAC0894DE484D81. 
    DeParle, Jason (November 30, 1990). "An Architect of the Reagan Vision Plunges Into Inquiry on Race and I.Q". The New York Times: A22. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CEEDA1F38F933A05752C1A966958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all. 
    Redburn, Tom (December 31, 1993). "Conservative Thinkers Are Insiders; It's Now Their City Hall, and Manhattan Institute Is Uneasy". The New York Times: B1. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DE1631F932A05751C1A965958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all. 
    Scott, Janny (May 12, 1997). "Turning Intellect Into Influence; Promoting Its Ideas, the Manhattan Institute Has Nudged New York Rightward". The New York Times: B1. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C06E0DA1039F931A25756C0A961958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all. 
    Kaplan, Fred (February 22, 1998). "Conservatives plant a seed in NYC; Think tank helps Giuliani set his agenda". The Boston Globe: A4. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/_bglobe-conservatives_plant_a_.htm. 
    Confessore, Nicholas (October 25, 2005). "Giuliani Guide Is Bloomberg Gadfly; Manhattan Institute Has More Influence Outside New York". The New York Times: B1. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/10/25/nyregion/metrocampaigns/25manhattan.html?_r=1&oref=slogin&pagewanted=all. 
  5. ^ "Center for American University". Manhattan Institute. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/cau_events.htm. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  6. ^ Center for the American University
  7. ^ Minding the Campus
  8. ^ VERITAS Fund for Higher Education Reform
  9. ^ a b Cohen, Patricia (2008-09-22). "Conservatives Try New Tack on Campuses". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/22/education/22conservative.html?_r=3&ref=education&oref=slogin&oref=slogin. Retrieved 2010-05-12. 
  10. ^ Center for Civic Innovation
  11. ^ "Social Entrepreneurship Awards". Manhattan Institute. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/social_entrepreneurship.htm. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  12. ^ Center for Civic Innovation's
  13. ^ Social Entrepreneurship Award
  14. ^ William E. Simon Prize for Lifetime Achievement in Social Entrepreneurship
  15. ^ "Urban Innovator Award Winners". Manhattan Institute. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/ui_winners.htm#daley. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  16. ^ Stirgus, Eric (2009-11-30). "Atlanta housing director to get award". ajc.com. http://www.ajc.com/news/atlanta/atlanta-housing-director-to-219780.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  17. ^ James Copland
  18. ^ "Center for Legal Policy". Manhattan Institute. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/clp.htm. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  19. ^ Walter Olson Biographical Sketch
  20. ^ http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1136&context=marketing_papers
  21. ^ Paul Howard
  22. ^ http://edlabor.house.gov/documents/111/pdf/testimony/20090610DavidGratzerTestimony.pdf
  23. ^ "Health Professionals Tell Congress They Want Single-Payer". Huffingtonpost.com. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/06/10/health-professionals-tell_n_213873.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  24. ^ http://waysandmeans.house.gov/hearings.asp?formmode=view&id=7868
  25. ^ Muravchik, Joshua. "Why Obama’s Government Takeover of Health Care Will Be a Disaster". Encounter Books. http://www.encounterbooks.com/books/obamahealthcare/. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  26. ^ "Article | Why Obama's Government Takeover of Health Care Will Be a Disaster". Manhattan-institute.org. 2009-11-10. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/miarticle.htm?id=5598. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  27. ^ Huber, Peter W. (2009-09-17). "Peter Huber: Kill Oil - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052970204518504574419004080617302.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  28. ^ "The Empire Center for New York State Policy". Empirecenter.org. http://www.empirecenter.org/AboutUs/EmpireCenter/. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  29. ^ Emily Claire Atkin. "Empire Center proposes solutions to budget woes". Legislativegazette.com. http://www.legislativegazette.com/Articles-c-2010-01-11-64680.113122_Empire_Center_proposes_solutions_to_budget_woes.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  30. ^ "The Empire Center for New York State Policy". Empirecenter.org. http://www.empirecenter.org/AboutUS/news_releases/2010/01/Blueprint010410.cfm. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  31. ^ "http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,983960-2,00.html
  32. ^ Blankstein, Andrew; Therolf, Garrett (2006-12-27). "L.A. crime decreases for 5th year - Los Angeles Times". Articles.latimes.com. http://articles.latimes.com/2006/dec/27/local/me-crime27. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  33. ^ "Los Angeles Police Chief Faces a Huge Challenge". Nytimes.com. http://www.nytimes.com/learning/teachers/featured_articles/20021025friday.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  34. ^ Jacobs, Andrew (2007-05-27). "Newark Battles Murder and Its Accomplice, Silence". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/27/nyregion/27precinct.html. Retrieved 2010-05-12. 
  35. ^ Steven Malanga (2007-04-26). "Cory Booker’s Battle for Newark by Steven Malanga, City Journal Spring 2007". City-journal.org. http://www.city-journal.org/html/17_2_cory_booker.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  36. ^ A transcript of the weekend's program on FOX News channel -- Paul Gigot, Heather Mac Donald (FEBRUARY 8, 2010). "Hey, Big Spender". Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703427704575051282981934808.html. Retrieved 2010-11-04. "Mac Donald: It is extraordinary. And I credit the spread, ultimately, of efficient policing and incarceration. But this is exactly the opposite of what criminologists were hoping for--really gleefully hoping for--that the crime drop began in the '90s nationally would finally reverse itself ..." 
  37. ^ Heather Mac Donald (July 15, 2008). "Cities You Can Believe In". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/07/09/AR2008070901965.html. Retrieved 2010-11-04. "Many American cities began their decades-long decline in the 1960s, when crime started spiraling out of control." 
  38. ^ "Losing Ground by Charles Murray", Conservative Monitor
  39. ^ "FindLaw | Cases and Codes". Caselaw.lp.findlaw.com. http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?court=US&vol=000&invol=00-1751. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  40. ^ http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2005/07/01/42oconnor_web.h24.html&levelId=2100
  41. ^ Benjamin Zycher
  42. ^ One-Size-Fits-All Rules Will Hurt Drug Quality, Wall Street Journal, April 4, 2007
  43. ^ [1] Older Drugs, Shorter Lives?: An Examination of the Health Effects of the Veterans Health Administration Formulary
  44. ^ Hargreaves, Steve (1 July 2011). "New York set to lift fracking ban". CNN Money (New York). http://money.cnn.com/2011/07/01/news/economy/fracking_new_york/. Retrieved 5 July 2011. "A report last week from the conservative Manhattan Institute said allowing drilling in New York could inject over $11 billion dollars into the state economy in the years ahead." 
  45. ^ Paul Singer, Free-Marketeers Should Welcome Some Regulation; The private sector made the biggest mistakes. Wall Street Journal, April 3, 2009
  46. ^ Sullivan, Patricia (2005-01-21). "Walter B. Wriston, 85; Chairman of Citicorp". washingtonpost.com. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A25323-2005Jan20.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  47. ^ "Wriston Lectures". Manhattan Institute. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/wriston.htm. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  48. ^ Post (2008-10-20). "How to Read the Constitution - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122445985683948619.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  49. ^ "Text & History » Clarence Thomas Still Hasn’t Received the Memo About Original Intent". Theusconstitution.org. http://theusconstitution.org/blog.history/?p=438. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  50. ^ "Clarence Thomas, No-Nonsense Guy - Matthew J. Franck - Bench Memos on National Review Online". Bench.nationalreview.com. 2008-10-20. http://bench.nationalreview.com/post/?q=ZjMwMmMwMjhjNDg5MTkyZWUxODE3Yjk3M2QyMmY3OGI=. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  51. ^ "Decline Is a Choice". The Weekly Standard. 2009-10-19. http://www.weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/017/056lfnpr.asp?pg=1. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  52. ^ Ferrara, Peter (2009-10-21). "The American Spectator : President Obama Chooses Decline for America". Spectator.org. http://spectator.org/archives/2009/10/21/president-obama-chooses-declin/print. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  53. ^ Klein, Joe (2009-10-12). "Decline is a Choice…That Hasn’t Been Chosen - Swampland - TIME.com". Swampland.blogs.time.com. http://swampland.blogs.time.com/2009/10/12/decline-is-a-choice-that-hasnt-been-chosen/. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  54. ^ Search Site. "The DNA of Politics by James Q. Wilson, City Journal Winter 2009". City-journal.org. http://www.city-journal.org/2009/19_1_dna.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  55. ^ Search Site. "City Journal Author Index". City-journal.com. http://city-journal.com/author_index.php?author=126. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  56. ^ "Manhattan Institute William E. Simon Lecture on Philanthopy and Social Entrepreneurship 2009". Bridgespan.org. 2009-12-03. http://www.bridgespan.org/manhattan-institute-william-e-simon-lecture-2009.aspx. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  57. ^ "Manhattan Institute Video". Manhattan-institute.org. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/video/index.htm?c=120309MI. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  58. ^ "Manhattan Institute Publications". Manhattan-institute.org. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/tools/hayek.php. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  59. ^ "Friedrich Hayek Lecture and Book Prize". Manhattan-institute.org. 2011. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/hayek_lecture.htm. Retrieved 2011-11-03. 
  60. ^ "Alexander Hamilton Award Dinner". Manhattan-institute.org. 2011. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/ah_2011.htm. Retrieved 2011-11-03. 
  61. ^ Young Leaders Circle
  62. ^ "Thinking Out Loud - Out and About". Nysun.com. 2007-04-06. http://www.nysun.com/blogs/out-and-about/2007/04/thinking_out_lo.html. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  63. ^ "Manhattan Institute". Manhattan Institute. http://www.manhattan-institute.org/html/trustees.htm. Retrieved 2010-03-16. 
  64. ^ "Conservative Transparency". Media Matters Action Network. 2011. http://mediamattersaction.org/transparency/organization/Manhattan_Institute_for_Policy_Research/funders. Retrieved 2011-11-03. 
  65. ^ "Manhattan Institute for Policy Research". SourceWatch. 2011-08-11. http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Manhattan_Institute_for_Policy_Research. Retrieved 2011-11-03. 

External links

Coordinates: 40°45′15″N 73°58′39″W / 40.754275°N 73.97747°W / 40.754275; -73.97747


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Manhattan Institute — The Manhattan Institute for Policy Research is a conservative [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE5DE1631F932A05751C1A965958260] [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A07E4D8173FF931A25753C1A9669C8B63] , market… …   Wikipedia

  • Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies — The Institute for Defense and Disarmament Studies is a U.S. based policy research and advocacy organization. Their website describes them as a nonprofit center where we study global military policies, arms holdings, production and trade, arms… …   Wikipedia

  • Atlas Economic Research Foundation — The Atlas Economic Research Foundation was founded in 1981 by Antony Fisher. After having founded the Institute of Economic Affairs in London in 1955, Fisher had helped in the establishment of the Fraser Institute, the Manhattan Institute and the …   Wikipedia

  • National Institute for Latino Policy — Jimmy Smits and Congressman Charles Rangel at NiLP s 25th Anniversary Gala in 2007 The National Institute for Latino Policy (NiLP) was established in 1982 as the Institute for Puerto Rican Policy (IPR) in New York City, United States as a non… …   Wikipedia

  • Peterson Institute for International Economics — The Peter G. Peterson Institute for International Economics (Peterson Institute), formerly the Institute for International Economics , is a private, non profit, and nonpartisan think tank focused on international economics, based in Washington, D …   Wikipedia

  • Foundation for Individual Rights in Education — Infobox Non profit Non profit name = Foundation for Individual Rights in Education Non profit founded date = 1999 founder = Alan Charles Kors, Harvey A. Silverglate location = Philadelphia, Pennsylvania origins = key people = Greg Lukianoff,… …   Wikipedia

  • Public Policy Institution — Eine Denkfabrik (nach engl. Think tank; auch: Public Policy Institution, PPI) ist ein Forschungsinstitut oder eine informelle Gruppe meist von Politikern, Wirtschafts und Sozialwissenschaftlern oder Unternehmern, die gemeinsam politische, soziale …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Manhattan Village Academy — Location 43 W. 22 St., Manhattan, New York City, USA 10010 Information School type Public high school School district 2 Principal Hector Geag …   Wikipedia

  • Conservatism in the United States — For related and other uses, see Conservatism (disambiguation). Part of a series on Conservatism …   Wikipedia

  • NSA warrantless surveillance controversy — For the related controversy about data mining of domestic call records see NSA call database. National Security Agency logo The NSA warrantless surveillance controversy (AKA Warrantless Wiretapping ) concerns surveillance of persons within the… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”