Comparison of Hokkien writing systems

Comparison of Hokkien writing systems

There are a number of different writing systems for the Hokkien group of languages, including romanizations, adaptations of Bopomofo, of katakana, and of Chinese characters.[1] Some of the most popular are compared here.

Vowels
IPA a ap at ak ã ɔ ɔk ɔ̃ ə o e i ɪɛn
Pe̍h-ōe-jī a ap at ak ah aⁿ ok oⁿ o o e eⁿ i ian eng
Revised TLPA a ap at ak ah aN oo ok ooN o o e eN i ian ing
TLPA a ap at ak ah ann oo ok oonn o o e enn i ian ing
BP a ap at ak ah na oo ok noo o o e ne i ian ing
MLT a ab/ap ad/at ag/ak aq/ah va o og/ok vo ø ø e ve i ien eng
DT a āp/ap āt/at āk/ak āh/ah ann/aⁿ o ok onn/oⁿ or or e enn/eⁿ i ian/en ing
Taiwanese kana アア アア オオ オオ オオ ヲヲ エエ エエ イイ
Extended bopomofo ㄚㆴ ㄚㆵ ㄚㆶ ㄚㆷ ㆦㆶ ㄧㄢ ㄧㄥ
Tâi-lô a ap at ak ah ann oo͘ ok onn o o e enn i ian ing
Example (traditional Chinese)













Example (simplified Chinese)













Vowels
IPA ɪk ĩ ai au am ɔm ɔŋ ŋ̍ u ua ue uai uan ɨ (i)ũ
Pe̍h-ōe-jī ek iⁿ ai aiⁿ au am om m ong ng u oa oe oai oan i (i)uⁿ
Revised TLPA ik iN ai aiN au am om m ong ng u ua ue uai uan ir (i)uN
TLPA ik inn ai ainn au am om m ong ng u ua ue uai uan ir (i)unn
BP ik ni ai nai au am om m ong ng u ua ue uai uan i n(i)u
MLT eg/ek vi ai vai au am om m ong ng u oa oe oai oan i v(i)u
DT ik inn/iⁿ ai ainn/aiⁿ au am om m ong ng u ua ue uai uan i (i)unn/uⁿ
Taiwanese kana エク イイ アイ アイ アウ アム オム オン ウウ ヲア ヲエ ウウ ウウ
Extended bopomofo ㄧㆶ ㄨㄚ ㄨㆤ ㄨㄞ ㄨㄢ
Tâi-lô ik inn ai ainn au am om m ong ng u ua ue uai uan i iunn
Example (traditional Chinese)














Example (simplified Chinese)














Consonants
IPA p b m t n l k ɡ h tɕi ʑi tɕʰi ɕi ts dz tsʰ s
Pe̍h-ōe-jī p b ph m t th n nng l k g kh h chi ji chhi si ch j chh s
Revised TLPA p b ph m t th n nng l k g kh h zi ji ci si z j c s
TLPA p b ph m t th n nng l k g kh h zi ji ci si z j c s
BP b bb p bb d t n lng l g gg k h zi li ci si z l c s
MLT p b ph m t th n nng l k g kh h ci ji chi si z j zh s
DT b bh p m d t n nng l g gh k h zi r ci si z r c s
Taiwanese kana パア バア パ̣ア マア タア タ̣ア ナア ヌン ラア カア ガア カ̣ア ハア チイ ジイ チ̣イ シイ ザア サ̣ サア
Extended bopomofo ㄋㆭ
Tâi-lô p b ph m t th n nng l k g kh h tsi ji tshi si ts j tsh s
Example (traditional Chinese)




















Example (simplified Chinese)




















Tones
Tone name Yin level
陰平
Yin rising
陰上
Yin departing
陰去
Yin entering
陰入
Yang level
陽平
Yang rising
陽上
Yang departing
陽去
Yang entering
陽入
   
IPA a˥˧ a˨˩ ap˩
at˩
ak˩
aʔ˩
a˧˥ a˥˧ ap˥
at˥
ak˥
aʔ˥
a˥˥
Pe̍h-ōe-jī a á à ap
at
ak
ah
â á ā a̍p
a̍t
a̍k
a̍h
  --a
Revised
TLPA
TLPA
a1 a2 a3 ap4
at4
ak4
ah4
a5 a2 (6=2) a7 ap8
at8
ak8
ah8
a9 a0
BP ā ǎ à āp
āt
āk
āh
á ǎ â áp
át
ák
áh
   
MLT
af ar ax ab
ad
ag
aq
aa aar a ap
at
ak
ah
  ~a
DT a à â āp
āt
āk
āh
ǎ ä ā ap
at
ak
ah
á å
Taiwanese kana
(normal vowels)
アア アアTaiwanese kana normal tone 2.png アアTaiwanese kana normal tone 3.png Taiwanese kana normal tone 4.png
Taiwanese kana normal tone 4.png
Taiwanese kana normal tone 4.png
Taiwanese kana normal tone 4.png
アアTaiwanese kana normal tone 5.png アアTaiwanese kana normal tone 3.png アアTaiwanese kana normal tone 7.png Taiwanese kana normal tone 8.png
Taiwanese kana normal tone 8.png
Taiwanese kana normal tone 8.png
Taiwanese kana normal tone 8.png
   
Taiwanese kana
(nasal vowels)
アアTaiwanese kana nasal tone 1.png アアTaiwanese kana nasal tone 2.png アアTaiwanese kana nasal tone 3.png Taiwanese kana nasal tone 4.png
Taiwanese kana nasal tone 4.png
Taiwanese kana nasal tone 4.png
Taiwanese kana nasal tone 4.png
アアTaiwanese kana nasal tone 5.png アアTaiwanese kana nasal tone 3.png アアTaiwanese kana nasal tone 7.png Taiwanese kana nasal tone 8.png
Taiwanese kana nasal tone 8.png
Taiwanese kana nasal tone 8.png
Taiwanese kana nasal tone 8.png
   
Zhuyin ㄚˋ ㄚᒻ ㄚㆴ
ㄚㆵ
ㄚㆶ
ㄚㆷ
ㄚˊ ㄚˋ ㄚ⊦ ㄚㆴ̇
ㄚㆵ̇
ㄚㆶ̇
ㄚㆷ̇
   
Tâi-lô a á à ah â á ā a̍h    
Example
(traditional Chinese)






Example
(simplified Chinese)






  • Note: The bopomofo extended characters in the zhuyin row require a UTF-8 font capable of displaying Unicode values 31A0–31B7 (ex. Code2000 true type font).

See also

References


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