Mokola virus

Mokola virus
Virus classification
Group:	Group V ((-)ssRNA)
Order:	Mononegavirales
Family:	Rhabdoviridae
Genus:	Lyssavirus
Species:	Mokola virus

Mokola virus is one of four members of the lyssavirus genus found in Africa, the others being Duvenhage virus, Lagos bat virus and classic rabies virus. Mokola virus was first isolated from shrews (Crocidura species) from Mokola forest, Nigeria in 1968. It has caused two human deaths in Nigeria, in 1969^[1] and 1971^[2]. It causes lethal encephalitis, and does not manifest the features of classic rabies.

Mokola virus has also been found in numerous other mammalian species in sub-Saharan Africa, including rodents, domestic cats in Zimbabwe and South Africa and a dog. Some of these cats had received rabies vaccine but remained susceptible to Mokola virus infection.

The reservoir for Mokola virus is unknown. Unlike other lyssaviruses, Mokola virus is able to infect and replicate in mosquito cells and so may be harboured by insects^[3].

References

1. ^ Familusi JB, Moore DL (January 1972). "Isolation of a rabies related virus from the cerebrospinal fluid of a child with 'aseptic meningitis'". Afr J Med Sci 3 (1): 93–6. PMID 5061272. 
2. ^ Familusi JB, Osunkoya BO, Moore DL, Kemp GE, Fabiyi A (November 1972). "A fatal human infection with Mokola virus". Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 21 (6): 959–63. PMID 4635777. http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=4635777. 
3. ^ Aitken TH, Kowalski RW, Beaty BJ, et al. (September 1984). "Arthropod studies with rabies-related Mokola virus". Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 33 (5): 945–52. PMID 6385743. http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=6385743.