Roaring Fork Valley

The Roaring Fork Valley is a geographical region in western Colorado in the United States. One of the most populated and economically vital areas of the Colorado Western Slope, it is defined by the valley of the Roaring Fork River and its tributaries, including the Crystal and Fryingpan River. It includes the communities of Aspen, Snowmass Village, Basalt, Carbondale, and Glenwood Springs. The valley extends for approximately 50 miles (80 km) southeast to northwest from Aspen northwest to Glenwood Springs at the mouth of the Roaring Fork on the Colorado River, ranging in width between 1 mile (1.6 km) and 5 miles (8 km). It is surrounded by mountains on all sides, in particular on its southwest edge by the high Elk Mountains that are location of the popular Aspen/Snowmass ski resorts. The upper (southeast) end of the valley is sometimes called the Aspen Valley. Mount Sopris dominates the lower (northwest) end of the valley and serves as an unofficial symbol of the region.

Description and history

The valley was inhabited by the Ute people prior to the coming of the first U.S. settlers over Independence Pass in 1879. The first settlers were prospectors looking for silver in the wake of the Colorado Silver Boom in nearby Leadville. Aspen flourished as a mining community in the late 1880s and early 1890s until the silver crash of 1893. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, coal mining in the valley of the Crystal emerged as an important extractive industry, one that has nearly entirely vanished (coal is still extracted south of McClure Pass in the nearby North Fork Valley).

The politics of the valley are somewhat complex, arising principally from the fact that the valley is split awkwardly among four different counties: Pitkin (Aspen), Eagle County (Basalt), Garfield County (Glenwood Springs, Carbondale), and Gunnison County. The fragmented structure is in contrast to the nearby Eagle Valley, which lies entirely within Eagle County. The fragmented governmental structure has made the adoption of a comprehensive land-use and growth policy more difficult, especially in regard to Aspen, which has struggled between the extremes of allowing unbridled growth leading to sprawl and restricting growth altogether. The [Roaring Fork Watershed Collaborative [http://www.roaringfork.org/collaborative] is working to address regional issues across county lines.

The main economic engine of the valley is the Aspen/Snowmass recreational skiing complex which directly or indirectly drives the related tourism, hospitality, retail, construction, real estate, professional service and property maintenance industries. Although skiing forms the foundation of the economy, other activities increasingly contribute to visitor numbers. Non-winter recreational and cultural activities such as fly fishing on the Fryingpan and whitewater rafting on the Roaring Fork, Aspen Institute and Rocky Mountain Institute conferences, the Aspen Music Festival, and numerous other cultural events attract visitors year-round. Although the valley floor is largely privately owned, most of the surrounding highlands are within the White River National Forest and are another major source of recreation and tourism. Agriculture, principally livestock raising, plays a very moderate and declining role in the valley's economy. Potato cultivation has historically been important in the lower valley, but is virtually nonexistent at present.

The valley has been one of the most rapidly growing areas of Colorado in recent years, not only in the vicinity of Aspen, but notably in the lower end of the valley below Basalt. The communities of Basalt and Carbondale have served as bedroom communities for day workers in Aspen, where high property values have increasingly strained the ability of low- and middle-income workers afford the cost of living. State Highway 82 serves as the principal transportation artery of the valley. Despite the rural character of much of the valley and the absence of large cities, the valley is served by an extensive public transportation system called the Roaring Fork Transit Authority, which is a popular commuting route between Aspen and its bedroom communities for day workers.

Communities

*Aspen
*Basalt
*Carbondale
*El Jebel
*Glenwood Springs
*Marble (Crystal Valley)
*Meredith (Fryingpan Valley)
*Redstone (Crystal Valley)
*Snowmass (sometimes called "Old Snowmass")
*Snowmass Village
*Woody Creek