Creston Valley

The Creston Valley is a Canadian river delta wetland and Wildlife Management Area near Creston in south-central British Columbia, on the floodplain of the Kootenay River at the south end of Kootenay Lake. Predominantly marshland, it was classified as a wetland of international importance on February 21, 1994,^[1] and is also a globally significant Important Bird Area.^[2] It is one of the "few significant agricultural areas of the province",^[3] and is in the Montane Cordillera. It stretches north along Kootenay Lake for approximately 20 km, and south to the United States border. It is both the only breeding site of the Forster's Tern^[4] and the only site with Leopard frogs in the province,^[2] as well as one of the few Canadian habitats for the Coeur D'Alene Salamander. Creston Valley provides staging and nesting areas for migratory birds on the Pacific Flyway.^[5]

It covers an area of approximately 69.0 km² of provincial Crown land. The wetland also contains the 15 km² Duck Lake and 17 marshes. To the east are the Purcell Mountains and to the west the Selkirk Mountains.

The area is managed by the Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area to prevent invasive species from establishing themselves in the wetland, particularly targeting cattails or reed canary grass. This is done by periodically drawing down the water level of the marshes. According to Brian Stushnoff, the area's manager, a strategy exists "to rehabilitate areas that get choked with vegetation, drying them up and then ploughing up the ground to get rid of the seed bank that develops over time."^[6] This also ensures broad biodiversity by preventing one plant species from dominating the region.

The Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area was established in 1968, and acquired its mandate via the Creston Valley Wildlife Act. This followed nearly 26 years of persistence by conservationists, biologists and nearby residents who wished to protect Duck Lake and its adjoining wetland habitats. Subsequently, with assistance from BC Hydro and Ducks Unlimited, a system of dykes and other control structures were built to manage water levels in Duck Lake, and hence the wetlands, reducing the impact of yearly drought and flood cycles.^[7]

Archaeological evidence indicates that First Nations have lived in the area for thousands of years. The area is the traditional territory of the Ktunaxa people.

References

1. ^ "The Annotated Ramsar List: Canada". The Annotated Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance. Ramsar Convention Bureau. 2000-01-10. Archived from the original on 2008-01-29. http://web.archive.org/web/20080129161427/http://www.ramsar.org/profile/profiles_canada.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
2. ^ ^{a b} "Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area". IBA Canada. http://www.bsc-eoc.org/iba/site.jsp?siteID=BC179&seedet=Y. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
3. ^ "Human Activities in the Montane Cordillera Ecozone". Environment Canada. http://www.ec.gc.ca/soer-ree/English/vignettes/Terrestrial/mc/human.cfm. Retrieved 2008-01-31. ^{[dead link]}
4. ^ "Wetland Wonder: The Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area". Digital Wizards (Ontario) Inc.. 2007. http://www.greatcanadianlakes.com/british_columbia/kootenay/eco_page4.htm. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
5. ^ "About the CVWMA". Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area. Archived from the original on 2007-10-27. http://web.archive.org/web/20071027210122/http://www.crestonwildlife.ca/aboutus.shtml. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
6. ^ "Wetlands satellite mapping scheme yielding first results". European Space Agency. 2005-10-10. http://www.esa.int/esaEO/SEMT952DU8E_index_2.html. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 
7. ^ "STRATEGIC PLAN: Big Wetland, Bright Future" (PDF). Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area. http://www.crestonwildlife.ca/pdf/StrategicPlan.pdf. Retrieved 2008-01-31. 

External links

• Creston Valley Wildlife Act
• Creston Valley Wildlife Act, PERMIT REGULATIONS

Coordinates: 49°10′N 116°35′W / 49.167°N 116.583°W / 49.167; -116.583