- Tigmamanukan
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Tigmamanukan Title Tigmamanukan Description Omen/Mythological Bird Gender Male/female Region Philippines In Philippine mythology, the Tigmamanukan was believed by the Tagalog people to be an omen bird. Although the behaviors of numerous birds and lizards were said to be omens, particular attention was paid to the tigmamanukan.
Contents
Origin of the name
The roots of the word tigmamanukan can be traced to the word "manuk" or "manok." Today, this word means "Chicken", but in Pre-colonial Philippines (as documented by early explorers in the 17th century) it meant, more generally, any bird, lizard or snake that crossed one's path as an omen. Such encounters were called salubong.[1]
Superstitions Regarding the Tigmamanukan
Some stories say the Tigmamanukan pecked open the bamboo shoot that contained the first man and woman.
According to San Buenaventura's 1613 Dictionary of the Tagalog Language, one of the few primary written sources for Philippine precolonial culture, the Tagalogs believed that the direction of a tigmamanukan flying across one's path at the beginning a journey indicated whether that journey would be successful or not. If it flew from right to left, the expedition would be a success. This sign was called "labay." (In some Filipino languages, "labay" today still means "proceed".) If the bird flew from left to right, the travelers would surely never return. It was also said that if a hunter caught a tigmamanukan in a trap, they would cut its beak and release it, saying "Kita ay iwawala, kun akoy mey kakawnan, lalabay ka." ("You are free, so when I set forth, sing on the right.")[2]
The Asian Fairy Bluebird (Irena puella turcosa) is one of two species that have been suggested to be the actual bird referred to by the ancient Tagalogs as the tigmamanukan.The Tigmamanukan as the Creation Bird of Tagalog Mythology
In at least one telling of the Filipino creation myth, it was the Tigmamanukan that was responsible for opening the bamboo that let out the first man and first woman.[3]
Possible species
While the name "tigmamanukan" is no longer used today, some early western explorers say that the specific bird referred to by the name is a fairy bluebird (genus Irena and family Irenidae). One explorer specifically identified the Asian Fairy Bluebird (Irena puella turcosa)[4] while another specifically identified the Philippine Fairy Bluebird (Irena cyanogastra).[5] In any case, most of the sources which describe the tigmamanukan agree that it is distinguished by a "blue" color.[6]
See also
References
- ^ Scott, William Henry (1994). Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN 971-550-135-4.
- ^ San Buenaventura, Pedro de (1613). Vocabulario de lengua Tagala. Pila
- ^ Zamora, Adelaida (24 February 2005). "Nagbuhat Sa Bughaw". http://www.bughaw.com/?p=10. Retrieved 2007-09-30.
- ^ Forbes, Henry (Oct., 1885). "A Naturalist's Wanderings in the Eastern Archipelago. A Narrative of Travel and Exploration from 1878 to 1883". The American Naturalist 19 (10): 975–977. doi:10.1086/274069.
- ^ Meyer, A.B.. "The Tagals Tigmamanukan". In Blumentritt, Ferdinand. Dictionario Mitologica de Pilipinas. pp. 34, 118
- ^ Garcia, Mauro (Ed.) (1979). Readings in Philippine Prehistory. Manila 1979: Filipiniana Book Guild, Inc.
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