Mongol (film)

Mongol
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Sergei Bodrov
Produced by	Sergei Selyanov Sergei Bodrov Anton Melnik
Written by	Arif Aliyev Sergei Bodrov
Starring	Tadanobu Asano Sun Honglei Khulan Chuluun Amadu Mamadakov
Music by	Tuomas Kantelinen Altan Urag
Cinematography	Sergey Trofimov Rogier Stoffers
Editing by	Valdís Óskarsdóttir Zach Staenberg
Studio	Kinokompaniya CTB Andreevsky Flag Film Company X-Filme Creative Pool
Distributed by	Picturehouse Entertainment (US) Universal Studios Home Entertainment (UK Home Media) New Line Home Entertainment (US Home Media)
Release date(s)	20 September 2007 (2007-09-20)
Running time	126 minutes
Country	Russia
Language	Mongolian Mandarin
Budget	$18,000,000[1]
Box office	$26,527,510[1]

Mongol (Russian: Монгол) is a 2007 semi-historical film directed by Sergei Bodrov. The storyline was conceived from a screenplay written by Bodrov and Arif Aliev. Producers for the film comprised Bodrov, Sergei Selyanov and Anton Melnik. The film is based on the early life of Temüjin, who later came to be known as Genghis Khan. Actors Tadanobu Asano, Sun Honglei and Khulan Chuluun star in principal roles. It is the first motion picture in a trilogy based on his rule over the Mongol Empire.^[2] The first premiere of the film took place on July 31, 2007.^[3] Mongol explores abduction, kinship and the repercussions of war.^[4]

The film was an intergovernmental co-production between companies in Germany, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and Russia. Filming took place, for the most part, in the People's Republic of China, principally Inner Mongolia (the Mongol autonomous region), and in Kazakhstan. Shooting began in September 2005, and was completed in November 2006. It was commercially distributed by Picturehouse Entertainment theatrically, and by Universal Studios Home Entertainment for home media. Following its release in theaters, the film was nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film as a submission from Kazakhstan.^[5] On July 29, 2008, the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack was released by the Varese Sarabande label. The film score was composed by musician Tuomas Kantelinen.

Mongol premiered in theaters in wide release in Russia on September 20, 2007. It opened in the United States in limited release on June 6, 2008 grossing $5,705,761 in domestic ticket sales. It earned $20,821,749 in business through international release to top out at a combined $26,527,510 in gross revenue. The film was technically considered^{[clarification needed]} a minor financial success after its theatrical run, and was generally met with positive critical reviews before its initial screening in cinemas. The second installment of the trilogy, provisionally titled The Great Khan, entered pre-production in 2008 and was planned for a cinematic release in 2010.^[6][7]

Plot

Temüjin (Tadanobu Asano) as a prisoner in the Tangut kingdom, conveys his memories about his earlier life through a series of flashbacks.

Embarking on an expedition as a young boy, Temüjin (Odnyam Odsuren) is accompanied by his father Yesügei (Ba Sen) to select a girl as his future wife. Temüjin meets and chooses Börte (Bayertsetseg Erdenebat), although his father wishes him to choose a mate from the Merkit tribe. Temüjin convinces his father to allow him to choose Börte. He promises to return after five years to marry her. On their way home, Temüjin's father is poisoned by an enemy tribe. As he lies dying, he tells Temüjin that he is now Khan. However, one of his father's warriors, Targutai (Amadu Mamadakov), orders the other tribesmen to loot the dead Khan's camp. Targutai spares Temüjin's life, declaring a Mongol does not kill children. After falling through the ice of a frozen lake, Temüjin is found lying down in the snow by a young boy called Jamukha (Amarbold Tuvshinbayar). The two quickly become friends and perform a traditional ceremony declaring themselves blood brothers. Targutai later captures Temüjin, holding him in captivity. Temüjin however, escapes late one night and roams the countryside. Temüjin is later seen again as a young man (Tadanobu Asano) in 1186. He once again is apprehended by Targutai, who wishes to kill him now that he is grown. Temüjin escapes a second time finding Börte (Khulan Chuluun), and brings her back to his family. Later that night, they are attacked by the Merkit tribe led by Chiledu (Sai Xing Ga), since Temüjin's father had years before stolen his wife from one of their tribesmen. While being chased on horseback, Temüjin is shot with an arrow. Börte whips the horse which Temüjin is on, telling it to go home. Börte is captured by the Merkit leader, as Temüjin returns safely to his family.^[4]

Temüjin goes to his childhood friend Jamukha (Sun Honglei), who is now a Khan himself. Jamukha agrees to help him get his wife back and attack the Merkit tribe, though only after a year passes. The attack on the Merkit tribe is a success, and Temüjin finds Börte alive and Chiledu dead. However, just as he feared, Bortë has already been raped and left pregnant with Chiledu's son, who Temüjin takes as his own. Temüjin and his men leave early the next morning, and two of Jamukha's soldiers choose to join Temüjin because he distributes more plunder to his warriors than Jamukha. Jamukha chases down Temüjin, but Temüjin refuses to send back Jamukha's combatants and horses because he explains a Mongol warrior is free to choose his leader. Jamukha warns him that his actions will lead to future conflict. Taichar (Bu Ren), Jamukha's brother, is later killed while attempting to steal back Jamukha's horses; Jamukha and Temüjin go to war. Outnumbered, Temüjin's army is quickly defeated. Jamukha declares victory and decides to make Temüjin a slave rather than execute him.^[4]

Temüjin is sold to a Tangut Garrison Chief (Zhang Jiong), despite the dire warning given to the man by a Buddhist monk (Ben Hon Sun) acting as his advisor, who senses the great potential the warrior carries and his future role in subjugating the Tangut state. While imprisoned, the monk pleads with Temüjin to save his monastery when he is set free sometime in the future. In exchange for delivering a bone fragment to Börte indicating that he is still alive, Temüjin agrees. Thereafter, the monk succeeds in delivering the bone and the message, though at the cost of his life. As a means of getting to Tangut, Börte becomes a merchant's concubine, bearing a daughter along the way. Once Börte arrives in Tangut, she abandons the merchant and bribes the guard for the key to Temüjin's cell, and the two manage to escape back to their homeland.

Temüjin, upset by the increasing loss of traditional values in Mongol society, leaves his family once more and pledges to make the Mongols abide by the law. Visiting a holy site in the mountains, he drafts an early version of the Jasagh and prays to "The Lord of the Great Blue Sky" for assistance. Subsequently, he gathers an army to unify all of the Mongols. In 1196, Temüjin declares war over Jamukha. By 1206, Temüjin engages Jamukha, in league with his old enemy, Targutai, in battle. However, a thunderstorm arises on the steppe, terrifying Jamukha's troops and causing their unconditional surrender, as Temüjin stands triumphant (possibly implying that Temüjin's prayers were acknowledged). Having defeated his "blood brother," Temüjin allows Jamukha to live, while Targutai is killed by his own soldiers while attempting to flee the battle. The traitorous men are ordered to be executed by Temüjin, who surprises them when he informs them that they broke his primary tenet: "Never betray your Khan." Afterwards, Temüjin is designated the Khan of all the Mongols – Genghis Khan of the Great Steppe.

The final pre-credits sequence indicates that Genghis Khan would later go on to invade and conquer the Tangut Empire by 1227, fulfilling the monk's prophecy. However, the film clarifies that, while the entire civilization was ravaged by the Mongol horde, the Buddhist monastery Temüjin pledged never to destroy remained intact, thereby indicating the great integrity and honesty of the Khan.^[4]

Cast

Actor Tadanobu Asano who portrayed the elder Temüjin in the film.

Tadanobu Asano	as Temüjin
Sun Honglei	as Jamukha
Khulan Chuluun	as Börte
Amadu Mamadakov	as Targutai
Ba Sen	as Yesügei
Odnyam Odsuren	as young Temüjin
Bayertsetseg Erdenebat	as young Börte
Amarbold Tuvshinbayar	as young Jamukha
Sai Xing Ga	as Chiledu
Bu Ren	as Taichar
Aliya	as Oelun
He Qi	as Dai-Sechen
Deng Ba Te Er	as Daritai
Zhang Jiong	as Garrison Chief
Ben Hon Sun	as Monk

Production

Development

Director Sergei Bodrov

The premise of Mongol is based on the true story of Genghis Khan, the Mongol leader who founded the Mongol Empire, which ruled expansive areas of Central Asia and China.^[8] The film depicts a portrait of the early life of Temüjin; not as an evil war-mongering brute, but rather an inspiring visionary leader.^[8] Director Bodrov noted that "Russians lived under Mongolian rule for around 200 years" and that "Genghis Khan was portrayed as a monster". During the 1990s, Bodrov read a book by Russian historian Lev Gumilev entitled The Legend of the Black Arrow. Gumilev's book offered a more disciplined view of the Mongol leader which influenced Bodrov to create a film project about the warrior.^[8]

Bodrov spent several years researching the aspects of his story, discovering that Khan was an orphan, a slave and a combatant who everyone tried to kill.^[8] He found difficulty in preparing the screenplay for the film due to the fact that no contemporary Mongol biography existed. The only Mongol history from the era, was a short poem written by an unknown author entitled The Secret History of Mongols. Author Gumilev had used the poem as a historical reference and a work of significant literature.^[8] Casting for the film took place worldwide, including Mongolia; China; Russia; and in Los Angeles.^[8] Speaking on the choice of Tadanobu Asano to portray Temüjin, Bodrov commented that although it might have seemed odd to cast a Japanese actor in the role, he explained that the Mongol ruler was seen by many Japanese as one of their own. Bodrov said, "The Japanese had a very famous ancient warrior who disappeared, and they think he went to Mongolia and became Genghis Khan. He's a national hero, Genghis Khan. Mongolians can claim he's Mongolian, but the Japanese, they think they know who he is."^[8] Bodrov felt casting actor Sun Honglei was a perfect mix of "gravity and humor" for the role. Describing the character interaction between Asano and Honglei, he noted "They're completely different people, Temüjin and Jamukha, but they have a strong relationship, strong feelings between them." Aside from the Chinese and Japanese actors for those roles, the rest of the cast were Mongolian.^[8]

Filming

The character Temüjin, dressed in Mongolian warrior garb

Production for Mongol began in 2005, lasting 25 weeks and taking place in China, Mongolia and Kazakhstan. Production designer Dashi Namdakov helped to recreate the pastoral lifestyle of the nomadic tribesmen.^[8] Namdakov is originally from a Russian region which borders Mongolia and is home to many ethnic Mongols. Bodrov remarked, "Dashi has the Mongol culture in his bones and knows how to approach this material."^[8] To help create some of the horse-mounted stunt sequences, Bodrov called upon seasoned stuntmen from Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, whom he was familiar with during the production of Nomad.^[8] Describing some of the stunt work, Bodrov claimed: "Not a single horse was hurt on this film. There's a line in the movie, when young Jamukha tells Temüjin, 'For Mongol, horse is more important than woman.' And that's how it is with the Kazakh and Kyrgyz stunt people. They took very good care of the horses and were very conscientious." Bodrov collaborated on the film with editors Zach Staenberg, who previously worked with The Matrix and Valdís Óskarsdóttir, whose previous film work included Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind.^[8]

Soundtrack

The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack for Mongol, was released by the Varese Sarabande music label on July 29, 2008.^[9] The score for the film was composed by Tuomas Kantelinen, with additional music orchestrated by the Mongolian folk rock band Altan Urag.^[10] Director Bodrov had attended a concert with Altan Urag and fell in love with their unique sound.^[11] He remarked how they displayed "an amazing energy". Bodrov asked the band to contribute music to the film to lend strength to the battle scenes with Temüjin.^[11] Finnish composer Kantelinen added an orchestral score to complement the lush, landscape filled backgrounds.^[11]

Mongol: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Film score by Tuomas Kantelinen
Released	07/29/2008
Length	43:39
Label	Varese Sarabande

Mongol: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
No.	Title	Length
1.	"Beginning"	4:35
2.	"At the Fireplace: Composed and Performed by Altan Urag"	0:48
3.	"Blood Brothers"	1:08
4.	"Chase 1: Composed and Performed by Altan Urag"	0:51
5.	"Fighting Boys"	0:53
6.	"Temüjin's Escape"	2:03
7.	"Funeral and Robbery: Composed and Performed by Altan Urag"	2:30
8.	"Together Now"	1:52
9.	"Love Theme"	1:25
10.	"Chase 2: Composed and Performed by Altan Urag"	1:36
11.	"Cold Winter"	2:30
12.	"Merkit Territory"	1:53
13.	"Attack"	0:44
14.	"Martial Rage"	1:12
15.	"Jamukha is Following"	1:30
16.	"Slavery"	1:48
17.	"Long Journey"	0:49
18.	"Destiny"	1:49
19.	"Joy in Mongolia: Composed and Performed by Altan Urag"	3:07
20.	"Final Battle, Showing Strength"	2:15
21.	"Final Battle, Tactical Order"	0:36
22.	"Final Battle, The First Attachment"	1:21
23.	"Final Battle, Death by Arrows"	1:55
24.	"Tengri's Help"	0:57
25.	"Victory to Khan"	1:36
26.	"No Mercy"	1:56
Total length:		43:39

Release

Home media

Cavalry artwork from the Blu-ray Disc box cover.

Following its cinematic release in theaters, the Region 1 Code widescreen edition of the film was released on DVD in the United States on October 14, 2008. Special features for the DVD include; scene selections, subtitles in English and Spanish, and subtitles in English for the hearing impaired.^[12]

The widescreen hi-definition Blu-ray Disc version of the film was also released on October 14, 2008. Special features include; scene selections and subtitles in English and Spanish.^[13] A supplemental viewing option for the film in the media format of Video on demand is currently available too.^[14]

Foreign theatrical run

Mongol saw an initial international release schedule beginning with Russia and the Ukraine on September 20, 2007.^[15] The film then premiered in cinemas in Turkey on March 14, 2008. Between April and December 2008, Mongol was screened in theaters in various countries throughout the Middle East, Europe and Africa.^[15] France, Algeria, Monaco, Morocco and Tunisia shared a release date of April 9, 2008. In 2009, certain Asian Pacific countries such as Singapore and Malaysia saw release dates for the film.^[15] Within Latin America, Argentina saw a release for the film on March 11, while Colombia began screenings on April 9. The film grossed $20,821,749 in foreign box office totals.^[15]

Reception

Critical response

Among mainstream critics in the U.S., the film received mostly positive reviews.^[16] Rotten Tomatoes reported that 87% of 98 sampled critics gave the film a positive review, with an average score of 7.1 out of 10.^[17] At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average out of 100 to critics' reviews, the film received a score of 74 based on 27 reviews.^[16] Alternately though, the film was criticized in Mongolia due to its factual errors and historical inaccuracies.^[18]

"Centered on the rise of Genghis Khan, the film is an enthralling tale, in the style of a David Lean saga, with similarly gorgeous cinematography. It combines a sprawling adventure saga with romance, family drama and riveting action sequences."

—Claudia Puig, writing in USA Today[19]

Jonathan Kiefer, writing in the Sacramento News & Review, said in outward praise, "At once sweeping and intimately confidential, with durably magnetic performances by Japan’s Asano Tadanobu as the adored warlord and China’s Honglei Sun as Jamukha, his blood brother and eventual enemy, Mongol, a 2007 Best Foreign Language Film Oscar nominee, has to be by far the best action epic of 12th- and 13th-century Asian nomads you’ll see". He emphatically believed Bodrov's film was "both ancient and authentic." He added that it was "commendably unhurried, and the scope swells up in a way that feels organic to a character-driven story".^[20] Left equally impressed, Walter Addiego in the San Francisco Chronicle, wrote that the film offers "everything you would want from an imposing historical drama: furious battles between mass armies, unquenchable love between husband and wife, blood brothers who become deadly enemies, and many episodes of betrayal and treachery". Concerning cinematography, he believed the film included "plenty of haunting landscapes, gorgeously photographed by Sergei Trofimov on location in China, Kazakhstan and Mongolia, along with the sort of warfare scenes that define epics".^[21] Claudia Puig of USA Today, said the film "has a visceral energy with powerful battle sequences and also scenes of striking and serene physical beauty." Noting a flaw, she did comment that Mongol might have included "one battle too many." Although overall, she concluded the film was "an exotic saga that compels, moves and envelops us with its grand and captivating story."^[19] The film however, was not without its detractors. Marc Savlov of The Austin Chronicle, viewed the film as "broken, beleaguered," and a "belittled nation's payback for the indignities inflicted upon them by Borat."^[22] Also in lackluster fashion, Kyle Smith of the New York Post commented that the film combined the "intelligence of an action movie with the excitement of an art-house release" making Mongol "as dry as summer in the Gobi Desert." Smith did compliment director Bodrov on staging a "couple of splattery yet artful battle scenes". But ultimately thought the film "really isn't worth leaving your yurt for."^[23] Joshua Rothkopf of Time Out, added to the negative sentiment by saying Mongol was a "Russian-produced dud." He noted that it included "Ridiculous dialogue and Neanderthal motivations" as well as bearing "little relation to the raw, immediate work of his countrymates—like Andrei Tarkovsky, whose epic Andrei Rublev really gives you a sense of the dirt and desperation."^[24]

Writing for The Boston Globe, Wesley Morris exuberantly exclaimed that Mongol "actually works as an old-fashioned production - one with breathtaking mohawks, a scary yoking, one daring escape, hottish sex, ice, snow, braying sheep, blood oaths, dehydrating dunes, throat singing, a nighttime urination, kidnapping, charged reunions, and relatively authentic entertainment values."^[25] Film critic Roger Ebert writing in the Chicago Sun-Times, called the film a "visual spectacle, it is all but overwhelming, putting to shame some of the recent historical epics from Hollywood." Summing up, Ebert wrote "The nuances of an ancient and ingeniously developed culture are passed over, and it cannot be denied that Mongol is relentlessly entertaining as an action picture."^[26] Describing an unfavorable opinion, author Tom Hoskyns of The Independent described the film as being "very thin plot-wise." Hoskyns commended the "desolate landscapes and seasonal variations", but he was not excited about the repetitious nature of the story showing the "hero getting repeatedly captured and escaping."^[27]

"Mongol is a ferocious film, blood-soaked, pausing occasionally for passionate romance and more frequently for torture."

—Roger Ebert, writing for the Chicago Sun-Times[26]

A.O. Scott of The New York Times, stated that Mongol was a "big, ponderous epic, its beautifully composed landscape shots punctuated by thundering hooves and bloody, slow-motion battle sequences."^[28] Scott approved of how the film encompassed "rich ethnographic detail and enough dramatic intrigue to sustain a viewer’s interest through the slower stretches."^[28] Similarly, Joe Morgenstern wrote in The Wall Street Journal that the film consisted of battle scenes which were as "notable for their clarity as their intensity; we can follow the strategies, get a sense of who's losing and who's winning. The physical production is sumptuous." Morgenstern affirmed that Mongol was "an austere epic that turns the stuff of pulp adventure into a persuasive take on ancient history."^[29] Lisa Schwarzbaum writing for Entertainment Weekly asserted the visual qualities of the film, remarking how Mongol "contrasts images of sweeping landscape and propulsive battle with potent scenes of emotional intimacy", while also referring to its "quite grand, quite exotic, David Lean-style epic" resemblance.^[30]

Box office

In the United States, the film premiered in cinemas on June 6, 2008. During its opening weekend, the film opened in 22nd place grossing $135,326 in business showing at 5 locations.^[1] The film, Kung Fu Panda came in first place during that weekend grossing $60,239,130.^[31] The film's revenue dropped by 17% in its second week of release, earning $112,212. For that particular weekend, the film fell to 25th place screening in 5 theaters. The Incredible Hulk, unseated Kung Fu Panda to open in first place grossing $55,414,050 in box office revenue.^[32] During the film's final release week in theaters, Mongol opened in a distant 80th place with $11,503 in revenue.^[33] The film went on to top out domestically at $5,705,761 in total ticket sales through a 14-week theatrical run. Internationally, the film took in an additional $20,821,749 in box office business for a combined worldwide total of $26,527,510.^[1] For 2008 as a whole, the film would cumulatively rank at a box office performance position of 167.^[34]

Accolades

The film was nominated and won several awards in 2007–09. Various critics included the film on their lists of the top 10 best films of 2008. Mike Russell of The Oregonian named it the 5th best film of 2008,^[35] Lawrence Toppman of The Charlotte Observer named it the 8th best film of 2008,^[35] and V.A. Musetto of the New York Post also named it the 8th best film of 2008.^[35]

Award	Category	Nominee	Result
80th Academy Awards[36]	Best Foreign Language Film	————	Nominated
2007 Asia Pacific Screen Awards[37]	Best Achievement in Cinematography	Sergey Trofimov	Nominated
2nd Asian Film Awards[38]	Best Supporting Actor	Sun Honglei	Won
Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2008[39]	Best Foreign Language Film	————	Nominated
European Film Awards 2008[40][41]	Best Cinematographer	Sergey Trofimov, Rogier Stoffers	Nominated
	Best European Film	Sergey Bodrov	Nominated
6th Golden Eagle Awards[42]	Best Costume Design	Karin Lohr	Won
	Best Sound Design	Stephan Konken	Won
2009 40th NAACP Image Awards[43]	Outstanding Foreign Motion Picture	————	Nominated
Las Vegas Film Critics Society Awards 2008[44]	Best Foreign Language Film	————	Won
2008 National Board of Review of Motion Pictures Awards[45]	Best Foreign Language Film	————	Won
2008 Nika Awards[46]	Best Cinematography	Sergey Trofimov, Rogier Stoffers	Won
	Best Costume Design	Karin Lohr	Won
	Best Director	Sergey Bodrov	Won
	Best Film	————	Won
	Best Production Design	Dashi Namdakov, Yelena Zhukova	Won
	Best Sound	Stephan Konken	Won

Sequel

The Great Khan (Russian: Великий Хан) is the provisional title^[47] for the second installment of semi-historical film series by Sergei Bodrov based on the life of Temüjin, Genghis Khan. The Mongolian pop singer, Amarkhuu Borkhuu, was offered a role in the movie but he declined.^[48]

References

Notes

1. ^ ^{a b c d} "Mongol". Box Office Mojo. http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=mongol.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
2. ^ Mongols protest Khan project. Variety. Retrieved 2011-02-15.
3. ^ (Russian)film.ru. "Монгол". http://www.film.ru/afisha/movie.asp?code=MONGL. Retrieved 2007-09-21. 
4. ^ ^{a b c d} Sergei Bodrov. (2007). Mongol [Motion picture]. Russia: Picturehouse Entertainment.
5. ^ "80th Academy Awards Nominations Announced" (Press release). Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. 2008-01-22. http://www.oscars.org/press/pressreleases/2008/08.01.22.html. Retrieved 2008-01-22. 
6. ^ Birchenough, Tom (14 May 2008). "Bodrov kicks off production unit". Variety Asia (Reed Business Information). Archived from the original on May 15, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080515195418/http://www.varietyasiaonline.com/content/view/6083/53/. Retrieved 25 January 2010. 
7. ^ Huggins, Caitlin (October 5, 2009). "Foreign cinema comes stateside". The Daily Gamecock. http://www.dailygamecock.com/the-mix/foreign-cinema-comes-stateside-1.628245. Retrieved 25 January 2010. 
8. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} About the Film Mongol (Picturehouse). Retrieved 2011-02-20.
9. ^ "Mongol Original Motion Picture Soundtrack". BarnesandNoble.com. http://music.barnesandnoble.com/Mongol/Altan-Urag/e/30206690224/?itm=1&USRI=mongol. Retrieved 2011-02-15. 
10. ^ "Mongol (2008)". Yahoo! Movies. http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/1808754771/cast. Retrieved 2011-02-15. 
11. ^ ^{a b c} The Music of Mongol. Mongol (Picturehouse). Retrieved 2011-02-15.
12. ^ "Mongol DVD Widescreen". BarnesandNoble.com. http://video.barnesandnoble.com/DVD/Mongol/Tadanobu-Asano/e/883929028788/?itm=2&USRI=mongol. Retrieved 2011-02-15. 
13. ^ "Mongol Blu-ray Widescreen". BarnesandNoble.com. http://video.barnesandnoble.com/DVD/Mongol/Tadanobu-Asano/e/883929028771/?itm=1&USRI=mongol. Retrieved 2011-02-15. 
14. ^ "Mongol VOD Format". Amazon.com. http://www.amazon.com/Mongol/dp/B001I9M7GM/ref=ed_oe_vdl. Retrieved 2011-02-15. 
15. ^ ^{a b c d} "International Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. http://boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=intl&id=mongol.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
16. ^ ^{a b} Mongol. Metacritic. CNET Networks. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
17. ^ Mongol (2008). Rotten Tomatoes. IGN Entertainment. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
18. ^ Г. Жигжидсvрэн: Сергей Бодровын “Монгол” кинонд бvтээсэн дvр байхгvй. olloo.mn. Retrieved 2011-02-17.
19. ^ ^{a b} Puig, Claudia (12 June 2008). Tepid 'Mongol' A sweeping historic tale. USA Today. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
20. ^ Kiefer, Jonathan (26 June 2008). I think I Khan Mongol. Sacramento News & Review. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
21. ^ Addiego, Walter (20 June 2008). Review: 'Mongol' revisits Genghis Khan. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
22. ^ Savlov, Marc (20 June 2008). Mongol. The Austin Chronicle. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
23. ^ Smith, Kyle (6 June 2008). Sweet Mongolia: How Genghis Got His Horde. New York Post. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
24. ^ Rothkopf, Joshua (11 June 2008). Mongol: The Rise to Power of Genghis Khan. Time Out. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
25. ^ Morris, Wesley (20 June 2008). When blood runs hot and cold. The Boston Globe. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
26. ^ ^{a b} Ebert, Roger (20 June 2008). Mongol. Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
27. ^ Hoskyns, Tom (26 September 2008). DVD: Mongol. The Independent. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
28. ^ ^{a b} Scott A.O., (6 June 2008). Forge a Unity of Purpose, Then Conquer the World. The New York Times. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
29. ^ Morgenstern, Joe (6 June 2008). 'Mongol' Brings Style And Sumptuous Scale To Genghis Khan Saga. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
30. ^ Schwarzbaum, Lisa (6 June 2008). Mongol (2008). Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2011-02-16.
31. ^ "June 6–8, 2008 Weekend". Box Office Mojo. http://boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=2008&wknd=23&p=.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
32. ^ "June 13–15, 2008 Weekend". Box Office Mojo. http://boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?view=&yr=2008&wknd=24&p=.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
33. ^ "September 5–7, 2008 Weekend". Box Office Mojo. http://boxofficemojo.com/weekend/chart/?yr=2008&wknd=36&p=.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
34. ^ "2008 Domestic Grosses". Box Office Mojo. http://boxofficemojo.com/yearly/chart/?yr=2008&p=.htm. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
35. ^ ^{a b c} "Metacritic: 2008 Film Critic Top Ten Lists". Metacritic. http://apps.metacritic.com/film/awards/2008/toptens.shtml. Retrieved January 11, 2009. 
36. ^ "Nominees & Winners for the 80th Academy Awards". Oscars.org. http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/oscarlegacy/2000-present/2008/winners.html. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
37. ^ "The Awards". Asia Pacific Screen Awards. http://www.asiapacificscreenawards.com/the_awards/past_winners_and_nominees/nominees/achievement_in_cinematography. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
38. ^ "Nominations & Winners". Asian Film Awards. http://www.asianfilmawards.asia/2008/eng/nominations.html#b5. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
39. ^ "The 14th Critics' Choice Movie Awards Nominees". BFCA.org. http://www.bfca.org/ccawards/2008.php. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
40. ^ "Nominations for the European Film Awards 2008". EuropeanFilmAcademy.org. http://www.europeanfilmacademy.org/2008/11/08/nominations-pour-les-european-film-awards-2008/. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
41. ^ "The People's Choice Award 2008". EuropeanFilmAcademy.org. http://www.europeanfilmacademy.org/2009/04/28/2008-4/. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
42. ^ "Nominees & Winners". KinoAcademy.ru. http://www.kinoacademy.ru/main.php. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
43. ^ "40th NAACP Image Awards". NAACP Image Awards. http://www.naacpimageawards.net/42/awards-show/40th/. Retrieved 2010-06-04. 
44. ^ "2008 Sierra Award winners". lvfcs.org. http://www.lvfcs.org/lvfcs/2008.html. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
45. ^ "Awards for 2008". National Board of Review. http://www.nbrmp.org/awards/past.cfm?year=2008. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
46. ^ "Award Winners & Nominees". Nika Awards. http://www.kino-nika.com/. Retrieved 2011-02-21. 
47. ^ "Bodrov launches production company, Director's first project to be a 'Mongol'". Variety. 16 May 2008. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117985966.html. Retrieved 2010-11-01. 
48. ^ (Mongolian)"Б.АМАРХҮҮ С.БОДРОВТ ГОЛОГДЖЭЭ". http://www.postnews.mn/index.php?cp=news&task=view&news_id=6522&PHPSESSID=d97d127e45acbded6332c901ba3ee32d&page=52&PHPSESSID=d97d127e45acbded6332c901ba3ee32d. Retrieved 2011-01-03. 

Bibliography

• Weatherford, Jack (2005). Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World. Broadway. ISBN 978-0609809648. 
• Iggulden, Conn (2010). Genghis: Birth of an Empire: A Novel. Bantam. ISBN 978-0385344210. 
• Abbott, Jacob (2008). Genghis Khan (1899). Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 978-0548931332. 
• Iggulden, Conn (2010). Khan: Empire of Silver: A Novel of the Khan Empire. Delacorte Press. ISBN 978-0385339544. 
• Iggulden, Conn (2010). Genghis: Bones of the Hills: A Novel. Bantam. ISBN 978-0385342803. 
• Ratchnevsky, Paul (1993). Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0631189497. 
• Kahn, Paul (2005). Secret History of the Mongols: The Origin of Chingis Khan. Cheng & Tsui. ISBN 978-0887272998. 
• John, Man (2007). Genghis Khan: Life, Death, and Resurrection. St. Martin's Griffin. ISBN 978-0312366247. 
• Lamb, Harold (1927). Genghis Kahn the Emperor of All Men. New York: Garden City Publishing Co.. ISBN B001AWJGJS. 
• Lister, R.P. (2000). Genghis Kahn. Cooper Square Press. ISBN 978-0815410522. 
• Iggulden, Conn (2008). Genghis: Lords of the Bow: A Novel. Delacorte Press. ISBN B000WJQUYO. 
• Kahn, Paul (1984). The Secret History of the Mongols: The Origin of Chinghis Khan. North Point Press. ISBN 978-0865471382. 
• Gabriel, Richard (2006). Genghis Khan's Greatest General: Subotai the Valiant. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0806137346. 
• Sargent, Pamela (1993). Ruler Of The Sky: A Novel of Genghis Khan. Crown. ISBN 978-0517573648. 
• Hoang, Michael (1991). Genghis Khan. New Amsterdam Books. ISBN 978-1561310197. 
• Bartholomew, Patricia (1995). Mongolia: The Legacy of Chinggis Khan. Asian Art Museum of San Francisco. ISBN B002J0AIWO. 
• Lane, George (2004). Genghis Khan and Mongol Rule. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0313325281. 
• Rice, Earle (2005). Empire In The East: The Story Of Genghis Khan. Morgan Reynolds Publishing. ISBN 978-1931798624. 
• Komaroff, Linda (2002). The Legacy of Ghengis Khan: Courtly Art and Culture in Western Asia, 1256-1353. Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 978-0300096910. 
• Richie, Rita (1958). The Golden Hawks of Genghis Khan. E.P. Dutton. ISBN B000J4VVBY. 
• Severin, Tim (2003). In Search of Genghis Khan: An Exhilarating Journey on Horseback across the Steppes of Mongolia. Cooper Square Press. ISBN 978-0815412878. 
• Stewart, Stanley (2002). In The Empire of Genghis Khan: An Amazing Odyssey Through the Lands of the Most Feared Conquerors in History. The Lyons Press. ISBN 978-1585747030. 
• Secinski, Wladimir (2006). The Mystery of Genghis Khan: A Historical Novel: Book One. Infinity Publishing. ISBN 978-0741434241. 
• Roux, Jean-Paul (2003). Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire (Discoveries). Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 978-0810991033. 

External links

• Official website
• Mongol at AllRovi
• Mongol at the Internet Movie Database
• Mongol at Rotten Tomatoes
• Mongol at Metacritic
• Mongol at Box Office Mojo