List of birds of Brunei

This is a list of the bird species recorded in Brunei. The avifauna of Brunei includes a total of 456 species, of which 4 are endemic, 1 has been introduced by humans, and 1 is rare or accidental. 25 species are globally threatened.

This list's taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families, and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) follow the conventions of Clements's 5th edition. The family accounts at the beginning of each heading reflects this taxonomy, as do the species counts found in each family account. Introduced and accidental species are included in the total counts for Brunei.

The following tags have been used to highlight certain relevant categories. It must be noted that not all species fall into one of these categories. Those that do not are commonly occurring, native species.

* (A) Accidental A species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Brunei.
* (E) Endemic A species endemic to Brunei.
* (I) Introduced A species introduced to Brunei as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions.

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Boobies and Gannets

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups comprise medium-to-large coastal sea-birds that plunge-dive for fish. There are 9 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Brunei.

*Red-footed Booby "Sula sula"
*Brown Booby "Sula leucogaster"

Cormorants

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae

The Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium-to-large coastal, fish-eating sea-birds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black and white, and a few being colourful. There are 38 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Great Cormorant "Phalacrocorax carbo"

Darters

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Anhingidae

Darters are frequently referred to as "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged.The males have black and dark brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have a much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet, and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving. There are 4 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Darter "Anhinga melanogaster"

Frigatebirds

Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large sea-birds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black and white or completely black, with long wings and deeply-forked tails. The males have inflatable coloured throat pouches. They do not swim or walk, and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan to body weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. There are 5 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Brunei.

*Christmas Island Frigatebird "Fregata andrewsi"
*Great Frigatebird "Fregata minor"
*Lesser Frigatebird "Fregata ariel"

Bitterns, Herons and Egrets

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large sized wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Unlike other long-necked birds suck as storks, ibises and spoonbills, members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted. There are 61 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Brunei.

*Gray Heron "Ardea cinerea"
*Great-billed Heron "Ardea sumatrana"
*Purple Heron "Ardea purpurea"
*Great Egret "Ardea alba"
*Intermediate Egret "Egretta intermedia"
*Little Egret "Egretta garzetta"
*Chinese Egret "Egretta eulophotes"
*Pacific Reef-Heron "Egretta sacra"
*Chinese Pond-Heron "Ardeola bacchus"
*Cattle Egret "Bubulcus ibis"
*Striated Heron "Butorides striata"
*Black-crowned Night-Heron "Nycticorax nycticorax"
*Japanese Night-Heron "Gorsachius goisagi"
*Malayan Night-Heron "Gorsachius melanolophus"
*Schrenck's Bittern "Ixobrychus eurhythmus"
*Cinnamon Bittern "Ixobrychus cinnamomeus"
*Black Bittern "Ixobrychus flavicollis"
*Great Bittern "Botaurus stellaris"

torks

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute; bill-clattering is an important mode of stork communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory. There are 19 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Brunei.

*Storm's Stork "Ciconia stormi"
*Lesser Adjutant "Leptoptilos javanicus"

Ibises and Spoonbills

Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Threskiornithidae

The Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers. There are 36 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Black-faced Spoonbill "Platalea minor"

Ducks, Geese and Swans

Order: AnseriformesFamily: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These are birds that are modified for an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating. There are 131 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Brunei.

*Lesser Whistling-Duck "Dendrocygna javanica"
*Eurasian Teal "Anas crecca"
*Mallard "Anas platyrhynchos"
*Northern Pintail "Anas acuta"
*Garganey "Anas querquedula"
*Northern Shoveler "Anas clypeata"
*Tufted Duck "Aythya fuligula"

Osprey

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Pandionidae

The Pandionidae family contains only one species, the Osprey. The Osprey is a medium large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater with a worldwide distribution.

*Osprey "Pandion haliaetus"

Hawks, Kites and Eagles

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey and include hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. There are 233 species worldwide and 26 species which occur in Brunei.

*Jerdon's Baza "Aviceda jerdoni"
*Oriental Honey-buzzard "Pernis ptilorhynchus"
*Bat Hawk "Macheiramphus alcinus"
*Black-shouldered Kite "Elanus caeruleus"
*Black Kite "Milvus migrans"
*Brahminy Kite "Haliastur indus"
*White-bellied Sea-Eagle "Haliaeetus leucogaster"
*Lesser Fish-Eagle "Ichthyophaga humilis"
*Gray-headed Fish-Eagle "Ichthyophaga ichthyaetus"
*White-rumped Vulture "Gyps bengalensis"
*Mountain Serpent-Eagle "Spilornis kinabaluensis"
*Crested Serpent-Eagle "Spilornis cheela"
*Eastern Marsh-Harrier "Circus spilonotus"
*Northern Harrier "Circus cyaneus"
*Pied Harrier "Circus melanoleucos"
*Crested Goshawk "Accipiter trivirgatus"
*Chinese Goshawk "Accipiter soloensis"
*Japanese Sparrowhawk "Accipiter gularis"
*Besra "Accipiter virgatus"
*Eurasian Sparrowhawk "Accipiter nisus"
*Gray-faced Buzzard "Butastur indicus"
*Black Eagle "Ictinaetus malayensis"
*Rufous-bellied Eagle "Aquila kienerii"
*Changeable Hawk-Eagle "Spizaetus cirrhatus"
*Blyth's Hawk-Eagle "Spizaetus alboniger"
*Wallace's Hawk-Eagle "Spizaetus nanus"

Caracaras and Falcons

Order: FalconiformesFamily: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their feet. There are 62 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Brunei.

*Black-thighed Falconet "Microhierax fringillarius"
*Eurasian Kestrel "Falco tinnunculus"
*Oriental Hobby "Falco severus"
*Peregrine Falcon "Falco peregrinus"

Megapodes

Order: GalliformesFamily: Megapodiidae

The Megapodiidae are stocky, medium-large chicken-like birds with small heads and large feet. All but the Malleefowl occupy jungle habitats, and most have brown or black colouring. There are 21 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Tabon Scrubfowl "Megapodius cumingii"

Pheasants and Partridges

Order: GalliformesFamily: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they may vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings. There are 156 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Brunei.

*Black Partridge "Melanoperdix nigra"
*Blue-breasted Quail "Coturnix chinensis"
*Crested Partridge "Rollulus rouloul"
*Crestless Fireback "Lophura erythrophthalma"
*Crested Fireback "Lophura ignita"
*Bulwer's Pheasant "Lophura bulweri"
*Great Argus "Argusianus argus"

Cranes

Order: GruiformesFamily: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances". There are 15 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Sarus Crane "Grus antigone"

Rails, Crakes, Gallinules, and Coots

Order: GruiformesFamily: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs, and have long toes which are well adapted to soft, uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and be weak fliers. There are 143 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Brunei.

*Red-legged Crake "Rallina fasciata"
*Slaty-breasted Rail "Gallirallus striatus"
*Water Rail "Rallus aquaticus"
*White-breasted Waterhen "Amaurornis phoenicurus"
*Baillon's Crake "Porzana pusilla"
*White-browed Crake "Porzana cinerea"
*Watercock "Gallicrex cinerea"
*Common Moorhen "Gallinula chloropus"
*Eurasian Coot "Fulica atra"

Painted snipe

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Rostratulidae

Painted snipe are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Greater Painted-snipe "Rostratula benghalensis"

Avocets and Stilts

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and the stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*White-headed Stilt "Himantopus leucocephalus"

Thick-knees

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats. There are 9 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Beach Thick-knee "Burhinus magnirostris"

Pratincoles and Coursers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards. There are 17 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Oriental Pratincole "Glareola maldivarum"

Plovers and Lapwings

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water, although there are some exceptions. There are 66 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Brunei.

*Northern Lapwing "Vanellus vanellus"
*Gray-headed Lapwing "Vanellus cinereus"
*Pacific Golden-Plover "Pluvialis fulva"
*Black-bellied Plover "Pluvialis squatarola"
*Common Ringed Plover "Charadrius hiaticula"
*Long-billed Plover "Charadrius placidus"
*Little Ringed Plover "Charadrius dubius"
*Snowy Plover "Charadrius alexandrinus"
*Malaysian Plover "Charadrius peronii"
*Lesser Sandplover "Charadrius mongolus"
*Greater Sandplover "Charadrius leschenaultii"
*Oriental Plover "Charadrius veredus"

andpipers and allies

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae

The Scolopacidae are a large diverse family of small to medium sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enable different species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food. There are 89 species worldwide and 35 species which occur in Brunei.

*Eurasian Woodcock "Scolopax rusticola"
*Pintail Snipe "Gallinago stenura"
*Swinhoe's Snipe "Gallinago megala"
*Common Snipe "Gallinago gallinago"
*Long-billed Dowitcher "Limnodromus scolopaceus" (A)
*Asian Dowitcher "Limnodromus semipalmatus"
*Black-tailed Godwit "Limosa limosa"
*Bar-tailed Godwit "Limosa lapponica"
*Little Curlew "Numenius minutus"
*Whimbrel "Numenius phaeopus"
*Eurasian Curlew "Numenius arquata"
*Far Eastern Curlew "Numenius madagascariensis"
*Spotted Redshank "Tringa erythropus"
*Common Redshank "Tringa totanus"
*Marsh Sandpiper "Tringa stagnatilis"
*Common Greenshank "Tringa nebularia"
*Green Sandpiper "Tringa ochropus"
*Wood Sandpiper "Tringa glareola"
*Terek Sandpiper "Xenus cinereus"
*Common Sandpiper "Actitis hypoleucos"
*Gray-tailed Tattler "Heterosceles brevipes"
*Ruddy Turnstone "Arenaria interpres"
*Great Knot "Calidris tenuirostris"
*Red Knot "Calidris canutus"
*Sanderling "Calidris alba"
*Red-necked Stint "Calidris ruficollis"
*Little Stint "Calidris minuta"
*Temminck's Stint "Calidris temminckii"
*Long-toed Stint "Calidris subminuta"
*Sharp-tailed Sandpiper "Calidris acuminata"
*Curlew Sandpiper "Calidris ferruginea"
*Dunlin "Calidris alpina"
*Broad-billed Sandpiper "Limicola falcinellus"
*Ruff "Philomachus pugnax"
*Red-necked Phalarope "Phalaropus lobatus"

kuas and Jaegers

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants. There are 7 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Pomarine Jaeger "Stercorarius pomarinus"

Gulls

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large birds seabirds and includes gulls and kittiwakes. They are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. There are 55 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Black-headed Gull "Larus ridibundus"

Terns

Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Sternidae

Terns are a group of generally general medium to large sea-birds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species now known to live in excess of 25 to 30 years. There are 44 species worldwide and 12 species which occur in Brunei.

*Gull-billed Tern "Sterna nilotica"
*Caspian Tern "Sterna caspia"
*Lesser Crested Tern "Sterna bengalensis"
*Great Crested Tern "Sterna bergii"
*Roseate Tern "Sterna dougallii"
*Black-naped Tern "Sterna sumatrana"
*Common Tern "Sterna hirundo"
*Little Tern "Sterna albifrons"
*Bridled Tern "Sterna anaethetus"
*Whiskered Tern "Chlidonias hybridus"
*White-winged Tern "Chlidonias leucopterus"
*Brown Noddy "Anous stolidus"

Pigeons and Doves

Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. There are 308 species worldwide and 18 species which occur in Brunei.

*Rock Pigeon "Columba livia" (I)
*Metallic Pigeon "Columba vitiensis"
*Island Collared-dove "Streptopelia bitorquata"
*Spotted Dove "Streptopelia chinensis"
*Ruddy Cuckoo-dove "Macropygia emiliana"
*Little Cuckoo-dove "Macropygia ruficeps"
*Emerald Dove "Chalcophaps indica"
*Nicobar Pigeon "Caloenas nicobarica"
*Little Green-pigeon "Treron olax"
*Pink-necked Pigeon "Treron vernans"
*Cinnamon-headed Pigeon "Treron fulvicollis"
*Thick-billed Pigeon "Treron curvirostra"
*Large Green-pigeon "Treron capellei"
*Jambu Fruit-dove "Ptilinopus jambu"
*Green Imperial-pigeon "Ducula aenea"
*Grey Imperial-pigeon "Ducula pickeringii"
*Mountain Imperial-pigeon "Ducula badia"
*Pied Imperial-pigeon "Ducula bicolor"

Parrots, Macaws and allies

Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittacidae

Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak shape. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and the have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two back. There are 335 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Brunei.

*Blue-rumped Parrot "Psittinus cyanurus"
*Long-tailed Parakeet "Psittacula longicauda"
*Blue-crowned Hanging-Parrot "Loriculus galgulus"

Cuckoos and Anis

Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Unlike the cuckoo species of the Old World, North American cuckoos are not brood parasites. There are 138 species worldwide and 20 species which occur in Brunei.

*Large Hawk-Cuckoo "Cuculus sparverioides"
*Moustached Hawk-Cuckoo "Cuculus vagans"
*Indian Cuckoo "Cuculus micropterus"
*Oriental Cuckoo "Cuculus saturatus"
*Banded Bay Cuckoo "Cacomantis sonneratii"
*Plaintive Cuckoo "Cacomantis merulinus"
*Brush Cuckoo "Cacomantis variolosus"
*Horsfield's Bronze-Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx basalis"
*Little Bronze-Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx minutillus"
*Violet Cuckoo "Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus"
*Asian Koel "Eudynamys scolopacea"
*Black-bellied Malkoha "Phaenicophaeus diardi"
*Chestnut-bellied Malkoha "Phaenicophaeus sumatranus"
*Raffles's Malkoha "Phaenicophaeus chlorophaeus"
*Red-billed Malkoha "Phaenicophaeus javanicus"
*Chestnut-breasted Malkoha "Phaenicophaeus curvirostris"
*Bornean Ground-Cuckoo "Carpococcyx radiatus"
*Short-toed Coucal "Centropus rectunguis"
*Greater Coucal "Centropus sinensis"
*Lesser Coucal "Centropus bengalensis"

Barn owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large sized owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. There are 16 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Oriental Bay-Owl "Phodilus badius"

Typical owls

Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. There are 195 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Brunei.

*Reddish Scops-Owl "Otus rufescens"
*Mountain Scops-Owl "Otus spilocephalus"
*Sunda Scops-Owl "Otus lempiji"
*Barred Eagle-Owl "Bubo sumatranus"
*Buffy Fish-Owl "Ketupa ketupu"
*Brown Wood-Owl "Strix leptogrammica"
*Collared Owlet "Glaucidium brodiei"
*Brown Hawk-Owl "Ninox scutulata"
*Short-eared Owl "Asio flammeus"

Frogmouths

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Podargidae

The frogmouths are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are named for their large flattened hooked bills and huge frog-like gape, which they use to take insects. There are 12 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Brunei.

*Large Frogmouth "Batrachostomus auritus"
*Gould's Frogmouth "Batrachostomus stellatus"
*Short-tailed Frogmouth "Batrachostomus poliolophus"
*Javan Frogmouth "Batrachostomus javensis"
*Sunda Frogmouth "Batrachostomus cornutus"

Nightjars

Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds with long wings, short legs and very short bills that usually nest on the ground. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves. There are 86 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Brunei.

*Malaysian Nightjar "Eurostopodus temminckii"
*Gray Nightjar "Caprimulgus indicus"
*Large-tailed Nightjar "Caprimulgus macrurus"
*Savanna Nightjar "Caprimulgus affinis"
*Bonaparte's Nightjar "Caprimulgus concretus"

wifts

Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae

Swifts are small aerial birds, spending the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang. There are 98 species worldwide and 10 species which occur in Brunei.

*Glossy Swiftlet "Collocalia esculenta"
*Mossy-nest Swiftlet "Aerodramus salangana"
*Black-nest Swiftlet "Aerodramus maximus"
*Edible-nest Swiftlet "Aerodramus fuciphagus"
*Silver-rumped Needletail "Rhaphidura leucopygialis"
*White-throated Needletail "Hirundapus caudacutus"
*Brown-backed Needletail "Hirundapus giganteus"
*Asian Palm-Swift "Cypsiurus balasiensis"
*Fork-tailed Swift "Apus pacificus"
*House Swift "Apus nipalensis"

Treeswifts

Order: ApodiformesFamily: Hemiprocnidae

The treeswifts or crested swifts are aerial near passerine birds, closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the other swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails and softer plumage. There are 4 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Brunei.

*Gray-rumped Treeswift "Hemiprocne longipennis"
*Whiskered Treeswift "Hemiprocne comata"

Trogons and Quetzals

Order: TrogoniformesFamily: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. There are 33 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Brunei.

*Red-naped Trogon "Harpactes kasumba"
*Diard's Trogon "Harpactes diardii"
*Cinnamon-rumped Trogon "Harpactes orrhophaeus"
*Scarlet-rumped Trogon "Harpactes duvaucelii"
*Orange-breasted Trogon "Harpactes oreskios"

Kingfishers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. There are 93 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Brunei.

*Common Kingfisher "Alcedo atthis"
*Blue-eared Kingfisher "Alcedo meninting"
*Blue-banded Kingfisher "Alcedo euryzona"
*Black-backed Kingfisher "Ceyx erithacus"
*Rufous-backed Kingfisher "Ceyx rufidorsa"
*Banded Kingfisher "Lacedo pulchella"
*Stork-billed Kingfisher "Pelargopsis capensis"
*Ruddy Kingfisher "Halcyon coromanda"
*Black-capped Kingfisher "Halcyon pileata"
*Collared Kingfisher "Todirhamphus chloris"
*Rufous-collared Kingfisher "Actenoides concretus"

Bee-eaters

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar. There are 26 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Brunei.

*Red-bearded Bee-eater "Nyctyornis amictus"
*Blue-throated Bee-eater "Merops viridis"

Typical Rollers

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not. There are 12 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Dollarbird "Eurystomus orientalis"

Hoopoes

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Hoopoe "Upupa epops"

Hornbills

Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Bucerotidae

Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured. There are 57 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Brunei.

*Oriental Pied-Hornbill "Anthracoceros albirostris"
*Black Hornbill "Anthracoceros malayanus"
*Rhinoceros Hornbill "Buceros rhinoceros"
*Helmeted Hornbill "Buceros vigil"
*Bushy-crested Hornbill "Anorrhinus galeritus"
*White-crowned Hornbill "Aceros comatus"
*Wrinkled Hornbill "Aceros corrugatus"
*Wreathed Hornbill "Aceros undulatus"

Barbets

Order: PiciformesFamily: Capitonidae

The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured. There are 84 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Brunei.

*Gold-whiskered Barbet "Megalaima chrysopogon"
*Red-crowned Barbet "Megalaima rafflesii"
*Red-throated Barbet "Megalaima mystacophanos"
*Yellow-crowned Barbet "Megalaima henricii"
*Blue-eared Barbet "Megalaima australis"
*Brown Barbet "Calorhamphus fuliginosus"

Honeyguides

Order: PiciformesFamily: Indicatoridae

Honeyguides are among the few birds that feed on wax. They are named for the behaviour of the Greater Honeyguide which leads large animals to bees' nests and then feeds on the wax once the animal has broken the nest open to get at the honey. There are 17 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Malaysian Honeyguide "Indicator archipelagicus"

Woodpeckers and allies

Order: PiciformesFamily: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium sized birds with chisel like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward, and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. There are 218 species worldwide and 15 species which occur in Brunei.

*Rufous Piculet "Sasia abnormis"
*Brown-capped Woodpecker "Dendrocopos moluccensis"
*Rufous Woodpecker "Celeus brachyurus"
*White-bellied Woodpecker "Dryocopus javensis"
*Banded Woodpecker "Picus mineaceus"
*Crimson-winged Woodpecker "Picus puniceus"
*Checker-throated Woodpecker "Picus mentalis"
*Olive-backed Woodpecker "Dinopium rafflesii"
*Common Flameback "Dinopium javanense"
*Maroon Woodpecker "Blythipicus rubiginosus"
*Orange-backed Woodpecker "Reinwardtipicus validus"
*Buff-rumped Woodpecker "Meiglyptes tristis"
*Buff-necked Woodpecker "Meiglyptes tukki"
*Gray-and-buff Woodpecker "Hemicircus concretus"
*Great Slaty Woodpecker "Mulleripicus pulverulentus"

Broadbills

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Eurylaimidae

The broadbills are small, brightly coloured birds that feed on fruit and also take insects in flycatcher fashion, snapping their broad bills. Their habitat is canopies of wet forests. There are 15 species worldwide and 6 species which occur in Brunei.

*Dusky Broadbill "Corydon sumatranus"
*Black-and-red Broadbill "Cymbirhynchus macrorhynchos"
*Banded Broadbill "Eurylaimus javanicus"
*Black-and-yellow Broadbill "Eurylaimus ochromalus"
*Long-tailed Broadbill "Psarisomus dalhousiae"
*Green Broadbill "Calyptomena viridis"

Pittas

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pittidae

Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards, and stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many, but not all, are brightly coloured. They are spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrate prey which they find there. There are 32 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Brunei.

*Giant Pitta "Pitta caerulea"
*Banded Pitta "Pitta guajana"
*Blue-headed Pitta "Pitta baudii"
*Hooded Pitta "Pitta sordida"
*Blue-banded Pitta "Pitta arquata" (E)
*Garnet Pitta "Pitta granatina"
*Fairy Pitta "Pitta nympha"
*Blue-winged Pitta "Pitta moluccensis"

wallows and Martins

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae

The Hirundinidae family is a group of passerines characterized by their adaptation to aerial feeding. Their adaptations include a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and short bills with wide gape. The feet are designed for perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. There are 75 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Brunei.

*Bank Swallow "Riparia riparia"
*Barn Swallow "Hirundo rustica"
*Pacific Swallow "Hirundo tahitica"
*Red-rumped Swallow "Cecropis daurica"

Wagtails and Pipits

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Motacillidae

The Motacillidae are a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 7 species which occur in Brunei.

*White Wagtail "Motacilla alba"
*Yellow Wagtail "Motacilla flava"
*Gray Wagtail "Motacilla cinerea"
*Oriental Pipit "Anthus rufulus"
*Olive-backed Pipit "Anthus hodgsoni"
*Pechora Pipit "Anthus gustavi"
*Red-throated Pipit "Anthus cervinus"

Cuckoo-shrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Campephagidae

The cuckoo-shrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured. There are 82 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Brunei.

*Bar-bellied Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina striata"
*Lesser Cuckoo-shrike "Coracina fimbriata"
*Pied Triller "Lalage nigra"
*Fiery Minivet "Pericrocotus igneus"
*Scarlet Minivet "Pericrocotus flammeus"
*Gray-chinned Minivet "Pericrocotus solaris"
*Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike "Hemipus picatus"
*Black-winged Flycatcher-shrike "Hemipus hirundinaceus"

Rail-babbler

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Eupetidae

The Eupetidae is a monotypic family; its sole species occurs in Thailand.

*Malaysian Rail-babbler "Eupetes macrocerus"

Bulbuls

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.There are 130 species worldwide and 17 species which occur in Brunei.

*Straw-headed Bulbul "Pycnonotus zeylanicus"
*Black-and-white Bulbul "Pycnonotus melanoleucus"
*Black-headed Bulbul "Pycnonotus atriceps"
*Black-crested Bulbul "Pycnonotus melanicterus"
*Scaly-breasted Bulbul "Pycnonotus squamatus"
*Gray-bellied Bulbul "Pycnonotus cyaniventris"
*Yellow-vented Bulbul "Pycnonotus goiavier"
*Olive-winged Bulbul "Pycnonotus plumosus"
*Cream-vented Bulbul "Pycnonotus simplex"
*Red-eyed Bulbul "Pycnonotus brunneus"
*Spectacled Bulbul "Pycnonotus erythropthalmos"
*Gray-cheeked Bulbul "Alophoixus bres"
*Yellow-bellied Bulbul "Alophoixus phaeocephalus"
*Hook-billed Bulbul "Setornis criniger"
*Hairy-backed Bulbul "Tricholestes criniger"
*Buff-vented Bulbul "Iole olivacea"
*Streaked Bulbul "Ixos malaccensis"

Leafbirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Chloropseidae

The Leafbirds are small, bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows. There are 8 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Brunei.

*Greater Green Leafbird "Chloropsis sonnerati"
*Lesser Green Leafbird "Chloropsis cyanopogon"
*Blue-winged Leafbird "Chloropsis cochinchinensis"

Ioras

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Aegithinidae

The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in coloration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens. There are 4 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Brunei.

*Common Iora "Aegithina tiphia"
*Green Iora "Aegithina viridissima"

Thrushes and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. There are 335 species worldwide and 8 species which occur in Brunei.

*Blue Rock-Thrush "Monticola solitarius"
*Bornean Whistling-Thrush "Myophonus borneensis"
*Orange-headed Thrush "Zoothera citrina"
*Island Thrush "Turdus poliocephalus"
*Eyebrowed Thrush "Turdus obscurus"
*Pale Thrush "Turdus pallidus"
*Fruit-hunter "Chlamydochaera jefferyi" (E)
*White-browed Shortwing "Brachypteryx montana"

Cisticolas and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub. There are 111 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Yellow-bellied Prinia "Prinia flaviventris"

Old World warblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. The Sylviidae mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs. There are 291 species worldwide and 11 species which occur in Brunei.

*Sunda Bush-Warbler "Cettia vulcania"
*Pallas's Warbler "Locustella certhiola"
*Middendorff's Grasshopper-Warbler "Locustella ochotensis"
*Oriental Reed-Warbler "Acrocephalus orientalis"
*Mountain Tailorbird "Orthotomus cuculatus"
*Dark-necked Tailorbird "Orthotomus atrogularis"
*Rufous-tailed Tailorbird "Orthotomus sericeus"
*Ashy Tailorbird "Orthotomus ruficeps"
*Arctic Warbler "Phylloscopus borealis"
*Mountain Warbler "Phylloscopus trivirgatus"
*Yellow-breasted Warbler "Seicercus montis"

Old World flycatchers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is very varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. There 274 species worldwide and 25 species which occur in Brunei.

*Brown-chested Jungle-Flycatcher "Rhinomyias brunneata"
*Gray-chested Jungle-Flycatcher "Rhinomyias umbratilis"
*Fulvous-chested Jungle-Flycatcher "Rhinomyias olivacea"
*Chestnut-tailed Jungle-Flycatcher "Rhinomyias ruficauda"
*Eyebrowed Jungle-Flycatcher "Rhinomyias gularis" (E)
*Siberian Flycatcher "Muscicapa sibirica"
*Asian Brown Flycatcher "Muscicapa dauurica"
*Mugimaki Flycatcher "Ficedula mugimaki"
*Red-breasted Flycatcher "Ficedula parva"
*Snowy-browed Flycatcher "Ficedula hyperythra"
*Rufous-chested Flycatcher "Ficedula dumetoria"
*Blue-and-white Flycatcher "Cyanoptila cyanomelana"
*Verditer Flycatcher "Eumyias thalassina"
*Pale Blue-Flycatcher "Cyornis unicolor"
*Hill Blue-Flycatcher "Cyornis banyumas"
*Long-billed Blue-Flycatcher "Cyornis caerulatus"
*Malaysian Blue-Flycatcher "Cyornis turcosus"
*Bornean Blue-Flycatcher "Cyornis superbus"
*Mangrove Blue-Flycatcher "Cyornis rufigastra"
*Gray-headed Canary-flycatcher "Culicicapa ceylonensis"
*Siberian Rubythroat "Luscinia calliope"
*Oriental Magpie-Robin "Copsychus saularis"
*White-rumped Shama "Copsychus malabaricus"
*Siberian Stonechat "Saxicola maura"
*White-crowned Forktail "Enicurus leschenaulti"

Fantails

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Rhipiduridae

The Fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders. There are 44 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Brunei.

*White-throated Fantail "Rhipidura albicollis"
*Pied Fantail "Rhipidura javanica"
*Spotted Fantail "Rhipidura perlata"

Whistlers and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pachycephalidae

The family Pachycephalidae includes the whistlers, shrike-thrushes, shrike-tits, pitohuis and Crested Bellbird. There are 57 species worldwide and 2 species which occur in Brunei.

*Mangrove Whistler "Pachycephala grisola"
*Bornean Whistler "Pachycephala hypoxantha" (E)

Babblers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Timaliidae

The babblers or timaliids are somewhat diverse in size and coloration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage. There are 270 species worldwide and 22 species which occur in Brunei.

*White-chested Babbler "Trichastoma rostratum"
*Ferruginous Babbler "Trichastoma bicolor"
*Abbott's Babbler "Malacocincla abbotti"
*Horsfield's Babbler "Malacocincla sepiarium"
*Short-tailed Babbler "Malacocincla malaccensis"
*Temminck's Babbler "Pellorneum pyrrogenys"
*Black-capped Babbler "Pellorneum capistratum"
*Moustached Babbler "Malacopteron magnirostre"
*Sooty-capped Babbler "Malacopteron affine"
*Scaly-crowned Babbler "Malacopteron cinereum"
*Rufous-crowned Babbler "Malacopteron magnum"
*Gray-breasted Babbler "Malacopteron albogulare"
*Chestnut-backed Scimitar-Babbler "Pomatorhinus montanus"
*Bornean Wren-Babbler "Ptilocichla leucogrammica"
*Gray-throated Babbler "Stachyris nigriceps"
*Gray-headed Babbler "Stachyris poliocephala"
*Black-throated Babbler "Stachyris nigricollis"
*Chestnut-rumped Babbler "Stachyris maculata"
*Chestnut-winged Babbler "Stachyris erythroptera"
*Striped Tit-Babbler "Macronous gularis"
*Fluffy-backed Tit-Babbler "Macronous ptilosus"
*Brown Fulvetta "Alcippe brunneicauda"

Chickadees and Titmice

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. There are species 59 worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Great Tit "Parus major"

Nuthatches

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet. There are 24 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Velvet-fronted Nuthatch "Sitta frontalis"

unbirds and Spiderhunters

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Nectariniidae

The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed. There are 131 species worldwide and 14 species which occur in Brunei.

*Ruby-cheeked Sunbird "Chalcoparia singalensis"
*Plain Sunbird "Anthreptes simplex"
*Plain-throated Sunbird "Anthreptes malacensis"
*Red-throated Sunbird "Anthreptes rhodolaema"
*Purple-naped Sunbird "Hypogramma hypogrammicum"
*Copper-throated Sunbird "Leptocoma calcostetha"
*Purple-throated Sunbird "Leptocoma sperata"
*Olive-backed Sunbird "Cinnyris jugularis"
*Crimson Sunbird "Aethopyga siparaja"
*Thick-billed Spiderhunter "Arachnothera crassirostris"
*Spectacled Spiderhunter "Arachnothera flavigaster"
*Long-billed Spiderhunter "Arachnothera robusta"
*Little Spiderhunter "Arachnothera longirostra"
*Yellow-eared Spiderhunter "Arachnothera chrysogenys"

Flowerpeckers

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicaeidae

The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues. There are 44 species worldwide and 9 species which occur in Brunei.

*Yellow-breasted Flowerpecker "Prionochilus maculatus"
*Crimson-breasted Flowerpecker "Prionochilus percussus"
*Yellow-rumped Flowerpecker "Prionochilus xanthopygius"
*Scarlet-breasted Flowerpecker "Prionochilus thoracicus"
*Brown-backed Flowerpecker "Dicaeum everetti"
*Yellow-vented Flowerpecker "Dicaeum chrysorrheum"
*Orange-bellied Flowerpecker "Dicaeum trigonostigma"
*Plain Flowerpecker "Dicaeum concolor"
*Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker "Dicaeum cruentatum"

White-eyes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small and are mostly of undistinguished appearance, the plumage above being generally either some dull color like greenish olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests many species have a white ring around the eyes. There are 96 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Everett's White-eye "Zosterops everetti"

Old World Orioles

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Oriolidae

The Old World Orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles. There are 29 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Brunei.

*Dark-throated Oriole "Oriolus xanthonotus"
*Black-naped Oriole "Oriolus chinensis"
*Black-and-crimson Oriole "Oriolus cruentus"

Fairy-bluebirds

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Irenidae

The Fairy-bluebirds are bubbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green. There are 2 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Asian Fairy-bluebird "Irena puella"

hrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey. There are 31 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Brown Shrike "Lanius cristatus"

Helmetshrikes

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Prionopidae

The helmetshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes, but tend to be colourful species with distinctive crests or other head ornaments, such as wattles, from which they get their name. There are 12 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Brunei.

*Large Woodshrike "Tephrodornis gularis"
*Rufous-winged Philentoma "Philentoma pyrhopterum"
*Maroon-breasted Philentoma "Philentoma velatum"

Drongos

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Dicruridae

The drongos are mostly are black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright whilst perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground. There are 24 species worldwide and 3 species which occur in Brunei.

*Ashy Drongo "Dicrurus leucophaeus"
*Hair-crested Drongo "Dicrurus hottentottus"
*Greater Racket-tailed Drongo "Dicrurus paradiseus"

Woodswallows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Artamidae

The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings. There are 11 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*White-breasted Woodswallow "Artamus leucorynchus"

Bristleheads

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pityriaseidae

The Bornean Bristlehead is large black bird with a red and yellow head. Females also have some red in the wings. It has a massive heavy black hooked bill and a short tail. The crown of the head has short, coloured projections like bare feather shaft, hence the name 'Bristlehead'.

*Bornean Bristlehead "Pityriasis gymnocephala"

Crows, Jays, Ravens and Magpies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae

The Corvidae family includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size for the bird order Passeriformes. Some of the larger species show high levels of learning behavior. There are 120 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Brunei.

*Crested Jay "Platylophus galericulatus"
*Black Magpie "Platysmurus leucopterus"
*Green Magpie "Cissa chinensis"
*Short-tailed Magpie "Cissa thalassina"
*Slender-billed Crow "Corvus enca"

tarlings

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct, and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. There are 125 species worldwide and 5 species which occur in Brunei.

*Asian Glossy Starling "Aplonis panayensis"
*Common Hill Myna "Gracula religiosa"
*Crested Myna "Acridotheres cristatellus"
*Black-collared Starling "Gracupica nigricollis"
*Chestnut-cheeked Starling "Sturnia philippensis"

Waxbills and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed-eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have a wide variation in plumage colours and pattern. There are 141 species worldwide and 4 species which occur in Brunei.

*Tawny-breasted Parrotfinch "Erythrura hyperythra"
*Pin-tailed Parrotfinch "Erythrura prasina"
*Dusky Munia "Lonchura fuscans"
*White-bellied Munia "Lonchura leucogastra"

Buntings, Sparrows, Seedeaters and allies

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with a distinctively shaped bill. In Europe, most species are named as buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as Sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns. There are species 275 worldwide and 2 species which occur in Brunei.

*Yellow-breasted Bunting "Emberiza aureola"
*Black-headed Bunting "Emberiza melanocephala"

parrows

Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae

Sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed-eaters, and they also consume small insects. There are 35 species worldwide and 1 species which occurs in Brunei.

*Eurasian Tree Sparrow "Passer montanus"

ee also

*List of birds
*Lists of birds by region

References

*cite web
last = Lepage
first = Denis
authorlink =
coauthors =
year =
url = http://www.bsc-eoc.org/avibase/avibase.jsp?region=bn&pg=checklist&list=clements
title = Checklist of birds of Brunei
format =
work = Bird Checklists of the World
publisher = Avibase
accessdate = 27 April
accessyear = 2007
*cite book
title=Birds of the World: a Checklist
first= James F.
last = Clements
publisher = Cornell University Press
date = 2000
id = ISBN 0934797161
pages = 880