- Jules Olitski
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Jules Olitski Birth name Jevel Demikovski Born March 27, 1922
Snovsk, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicDied February 4, 2007 (aged 84) Nationality American Field Painting, Sculpture, Printmaking Training Pratt Institute, National Academy of Design, Ossip Zadkine School, Academia de la Grande Chaumiere, Paris, New York University Movement Color Field painting, Lyrical Abstraction, Abstract Expressionism Jules Olitski (March 27, 1922 – February 4, 2007) was an American abstract painter, printmaker, and sculptor.
Contents
Early life
Olitski was born Jevel Demikovski in Snovsk, in the Russian SFSR (now Schors, Ukraine), a few months after his father, a commissar, was executed by the Russian government. He emigrated to the United States in 1923 with his mother and grandmother and settled in Brooklyn. His grandmother cared for him while his mother worked to support the family. In 1926 his mother married Hyman Olitsky (note "y" ending), a widower with two sons. A daughter was born in 1930.
Education
Olitski showed an aptitude for drawing and by 1935 was taking occasional art classes in Manhattan. He attended public schools in New York, winning an art prize upon his graduation from high school. At an exhibit of the work of some of the great masters at the New York World's Fair in 1939 he was very impressed by Rembrandt's portraits. Subsequently he won a scholarship to study art at Pratt Institute and was admitted to the National Academy of Design in New York. His education continued at Beaux Arts Institute in New York from 1940-42.
After discharge from the Army in 1945, Olitski married and travelled to Asheville, NC and Mexico, returned to New York, and then in the late 40s went to Paris on the G.I. Bill where he studied at the Ossip Zadkine School and the Academia de la Grande Chaumiere, both in Paris. In Paris he saw the European modern masters and engaged in a severe self-analysis, which involved painting while blindfolded to remove himself from all of his customary habits and facility.
Having returned to New York in 1951, Olitski received his B.A. in 1952 and his M.A. in 1954 in Art Education, both from New York University
Career
Olitski had his first one-person show at Galerie Huit, Paris in 1951. He returned to New York, reacting against the color and imagery of his Paris works, he began to paint monochromatic pictures with empty centers. He divorced and began exhibiting in group shows, and by 1956 was remarried and had joined the faculty of C. W. Post College on Long Island. In 1958 he had his first New York one-person show, at the Zodiac (Iolas) Gallery, and met Clement Greenberg, who exhibited Olitski's paintings in a large solo show at French & Company in May 1959.[1]
In 1960 Olitski abruptly moved away from the heavily encrusted abstract surfaces he had evolved and began to stain the canvas with large areas of thin, brightly colored dyes. These were shown at a second French & Co. exhibit, in April 1961, and he was asked to join the Poindexter Gallery, where he had several exhibitions. Thereafter he exhibited in numerous venues, won a prize at the Carnegie International and began to be collected by museums.
By 1965 Olitski had evolved a radically innovative technique of laying down atmospheric blankets of colored spray on the canvas, marked at first by barely discernible straight-edged value changes near the edge of the picture and later by acrylic paint dragged along portions of the edge. He exhibited internationally in the late 1960s and was selected as one of four artists to represent the United States at the Venice Biennale in 1966. In 1969 he was invited to exhibit large, aluminum, spray-painted sculptures at the Metropolitan Museum of Art becoming the first living American artist to be given a one-person exhibition there.
He taught at Bennington College from 1963 to 1967.
In the 1970s Olitski returned to the thick impasto surfaces which characterized his work in the 50s but with innovative techniques that took advantage of the newly improved polymer and gel acrylic mediums.
His late works from 2001 through January 2007 are characterized by intensely colored orbs that can evoke landscape or skyscape. As Norman L. Kleeblat states in his essay in the catalog that accompanies the exhibition Jules Olitski-The Late Paintings-A Celebration, at Knoedler and Company Nov 2007-Jan 2008. "The intensity of Olitski's colors can feel jarring when each colored area is observed separately. But the artist is a master of unlikely clashes of intense and artificial-looking colors recalling Delacroix."[2]. Olitski had over 150 one-person exhibitions in his lifetime and is represented in museums worldwide.
Recent
Olitski lived and worked in studios in New Hampshire and Florida and exhibited regularly until his death from cancer in 2007, aged 84.
References
- Jules Olitski, catalog for the exhibition at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston,1973. Introduction by Kenworth Moffett; Chronology by Elinor L. Woron
- Jules Olitski, by Kenworth Moffett. pub. by Harry N. Abrams,New York, 1981, monograph, 242 pages
- Jules Olitski, Catalog for the retrospective exhibition at the Buschlen-Mowatt Gallery, Vancouver, BC, 1989, Preface by Barrie Mowatt, Introduction by Clement Greenberg, Essays by Jules Olitski.
- Jules Olitski, The New Hampshire Exhibits, Autumn, 2003" Edited by Lauren Poster, pub. Jan 2005 by Four Forty,Marlboro VT 96 pages 115 color plates. Essay “Paths” by Jim Walsh and DVD interview for The Front Porch NH Public Radio with John Walters
- A Culmination of Contradictions: Jules Olitski's Last Decade" by Norman L. Kleeblatt, The Susan and Elihu Rose Chief Curator at The Jewish Museum, excerpt from essay "Jules Olitski The Late Paintings A Celebration" Nov 8, 2007-Jan 5, 2008 Knoedler & Company, New York ISBN 0-9789987-5-8
Criticism
- Swedish art critic Ulf Linde mentions Olitski as an example of "visual muzak" in the interview text Om det genant enkla (Eng: About that which is awkwardly simple)[3]
- New York Times art critic Roberta Smith says in her October 14, 2005 review that Olitski is "...an artist who, if he hasn't quite come full circle, has always combined a penchant for flash and visual drama with a keen interest in the physicality of paint, whether thin, as in his stained and spray-painted abstractions of the 1960s, or thick." online November 26, 2007
References
- ^ Clement Greenberg in My Studio by Jules Olitski, 1994. Retrieved February 4, 2010.
- ^ Norman L. Kleeblatt The Susan and Elihu Rose Chief Curator at The Jewish Museum, excerpt from essay "Jules Olitski The Late Paintings A Celebration" Nov 8, 2007-Jan 5, 2008 Knoedler & Company, New York ISBN 0-9789987-5-8
- ^ Linde, Ulf: "Svar", Albert Bonniers förlag, 1999, ISBN 9100568856.
External links
- Official Website
- New York Times Obituary, February 5, 2007.
- Jules Olitski, Reflections on Masterpieces
Categories:- 1922 births
- 2007 deaths
- Abstract expressionist artists
- American painters
- American printmakers
- American military personnel of World War II
- Naturalized citizens of the United States
- Artists from New York City
- Soviet emigrants to the United States
- American artists
- Jewish painters
- Jewish American artists
- Modern painters
- People from New Hampshire
- Cancer deaths in New York
- Ukrainian Jews
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