Theodoric

Theodoric
Gender	Male
Language(s)	Germanic
Origin
Meaning	Ruler of the people
Region of origin	Northern Europe
Other names
Alternative spelling	Theoderic, Theudoric, Theuderic, Theuderich

Theodoric is a widespread Germanic given name. First attested in the 5th century, it became widespread in the Germanic-speaking world, not least due to its most famous bearer, Theoderic the Great, king of the Ostrogoths. The name was latinized Theodoricus or Theodericus, originally from a Common Germanic form *þeudo-rīks ("people-ruler"), which would have resulted in a Gothic þiuda-reiks. ^[1] Anglicized spellings of the name during Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages include Theodoric, Theoderic, Theudoric, Theuderic. Gregory of Tours latinized the name as Theodorus, in origin an unrelated Greek name (Θεόδωρος, meaning "god-gift").

As the name survived throughout the Middle Ages, it transformed into a multitude of forms in the languages of Western Europe. These include the High German form Dietrich, abbreviated Dieter, the Low German and Dutch form Diederik, or Dierik, abbreviated Dirk, Diede, the Norwegian Tjodrik, and the French Thierry. Italian, Portuguese and Spanish have Teodorico.

The English forms Derek, Derrick and Terry have been re-introduced from the continent, from Low German, Dutch and French sources. The Welsh form Tudur is the origin of the name of the British Tudor dynasty.

Late Antiquity to Early Middle Ages

The name is first attested as carried by Goths during the 6th century. The earliest known bearer was Theodoric I, son of Alaric I, king of the Visigoths. But the notability of the name is due to Theodoric the Great, son of Theodemir, king of the Ostrogoths, who became a legendary figure of the Germanic Heroic Age as Dietrich von Bern.

After the end of Late Antiquity, during the 6th to 8th century there were also several kings of the Franks called Theodoric (or Theuderic). Finally, there was an early Anglo-Saxon king of Bernicia called Theodric (also spelled Deoric, Old English Þēodrīc).

• Theodoric I (died 451), king of the Visigoths
• Theodoric II (died 466), king of the Visigoths
• Theodoric the Great (454–526), ruler of the Ostrogoths, Italy, and the Visigoths
• Theodoric Strabo (died 481)
• Theuderic I (died ca. 534), Frankish king
• Theuderic II (587–613), Frankish king
• Theuderic III (died 691), king of the Franks
• Theuderic IV (died 737), king of the Franks
• Theodric of Bernicia, 6th century Anglo-Saxon king
• Saint Tewdrig (alternatively Tewdric or Theodoric) (c. 580 – c. 630), Welsh king of Gwent and Glywysing, who was martyred fighting the Saxons

High and Late Middle Ages

While the Anglo-Saxon name Theodric (Deoric) is extinct in the Middle English period, the latinized name was adopted in Old Welsh as Tewdrig and survives in Modern Welsh as Tudur The name remains popular in medieval German as Dietrich, and is adopted into French as Thierry. It is rendered in Middle Latin as Theodoricus or as Theodericus.

The Middle High German legend of Dietrich von Bern is based on the historical Theodoric, king of the Ostrogoths. The German Dietrich von Bern is reflected as Þiðrekr af Bern in the Old Norse Thidrekssaga. The medieval German legend gives rise to the Dietrich of the Renaissance era Heldenbücher.

• Antipope Theodoric (died 1102)
• Thierry of Chartres (12th century), philosopher
• Theodoric the Monk (12th century), Norwegian Benedictine
• Theoderich (Bishop of Estonia), 13th century bishop
• Theodoric of Prague (14th century), court painter to Charles IV
• Theodoric of Freiberg (14th century), theologian and scientist

Modern era

The German form Dietrich was abbreviated to Dieter. The Low German and Dutch languages abbreviated Diederik as Dirk or Diede. Modern Scandinavian retains Tjodrik, but has also borrowed Dirk. The English Derek is apparently^{[citation needed]} a modern adaptation of the latinized Theodericus, while Terry is from the French Thierry.

Fictional

• Theodoric of York, Saturday Night Live character by Steve Martin

Notes

1. ^ The Proto-Germanic and Gothic forms are reconstructions. The -riks element was ultimately a borrowing from Celtic, see Reich#Etymology.

See also

• Apollo Teutorix

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