34th United States Congress - political parties

The Thirty-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4 1855 to March 3 1857, during the last two years of the administration of U.S. President Franklin Pierce.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1850. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had an anti-Democratic or Whig majority.

This article supplements the main article with a list of the members by political party.

:"Main article: 34th United States Congress":"See also: 34th United States Congress - State Delegations":"See also: United States House elections, 1854"

The list below is arranged by chamber, then by political party. Members are shown in alphabetical order.

Dates of sessions

March 4 1855 - March 3 1857
*First session: December 3 1855 - August 18 1856
*Second session: August 21 1856 - August 30 1856
*Third session: December 1 1856 - March 3 1857 — a lame duck sessionPrevious congress: "33rd Congress"
Next congress: "35th Congress"

Party summary

enate

Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six year terms with each Congress.

=Democratic=

:A-F
* Stephen Adams (1807-1857), "Mississippi"
* Philip Allen (1785-1865), "Rhode Island"
* Martin W. Bates (1786-1869), "Delaware" …elected to fill vacancy, January 14 1857.
* James A. Bayard, Jr. (1799-1880), "Delaware"
* Asa Biggs (1811-1878), "North Carolina"
* William Bigler (1814-1880), "Pennsylvania" …elected to fill vacancy in class, January 14 1856.
* Jesse D. Bright (1812-1875), "Indiana"
* Richard Brodhead (1811-1863), "Pennsylvania"
* Albert G. Brown (1813-1880), "Mississippi"
* Andrew P. Butler (1796-1857), "South Carolina"
* Lewis Cass (1782-1866), "Michigan"
* Clement C. Clay, Jr. (1816-1882), "Alabama"
* Henry Dodge (1782-1867), "Wisconsin"
* Stephen A. Douglas (1813-1861), "Illinois"
* Josiah J. Evans (1786-1858), "South Carolina"
* Graham N. Fitch (1809-1892), "Indiana" …elected to fill vacancy in class, February 4 1857.
* Benjamin Fitzpatrick (1802-1869), "Alabama" …elected to fill vacancy in class, November 26 1855.:G-L
* James S. Green (1817-1870), "Missouri" …elected to fill vacancy in class, January 12 1857.
* William M. Gwin (1805-1885), "California" …elected to fill vacancy in class, January 13 1857.
* Hannibal Hamlin (1809-1891), "Maine" …resigned January 7 1857.
* Robert M. T. Hunter (1809-1887), "Virginia"
* Alfred Iverson, Sr. (1798-1873), "Georgia"
* Charles T. James (1805-1862), "Rhode Island"
* Robert W. Johnson (1814-1879), "Arkansas"
* George W. Jones (1804-1896), "Iowa" :M-R
* Stephen R. Mallory (1813c-1873), "Florida"
* James M. Mason (1798-1871), "Virginia"
* George E. Pugh (1822-1876), "Ohio"
* David S. Reid (1813-1891), "North Carolina"
* Thomas J. Rusk (1803-1857), "Texas" :S-Z
* William K. Sebastian (1812-1865), "Arkansas"
* John Slidell (1793-1871), "Louisiana"
* Charles E. Stuart (1810-1887), "Michigan"
* John R. Thomson (1800-1862), "New Jersey"
* Robert A. Toombs (1810-1885), "Georgia"
* Isaac Toucey (1792-1869), "Connecticut"
* Lyman Trumbull (1813-1896), "Illinois"
* John B. Weller (1812-1875), "California"
* William Wright (1794-1866), "New Jersey"
* David Levy Yulee (1810-1886), "Florida"

=Opposition=

:A-F
* James Bell (1804-1857), "New Hampshire" …elected to fill vacancy from preceding Congress, July 30 1855
* John Bell (1797-1869), "Tennessee"
* Judah P. Benjamin (1811-1884), "Louisiana"
* John M. Clayton (1796-1856), "Delaware" …died November 9 1856.
* Jacob Collamer (1791-1865), "Vermont"
* Joseph P. Comegys (1813-1893), "Delaware" …appointed to fill vacancy, November 19 1856.
* John J. Crittenden (1786-1863), "Kentucky"
* Charles Durkee (1805-1870), "Wisconsin"
* William Pitt Fessenden (1806-1869), "Maine"
* Hamilton Fish (1808-1893), "New York"
* Solomon Foot (1802-1866), "Vermont"
* La Fayette S. Foster (1806-1880), "Connecticut" :G-L
* Henry S. Geyer (1790-1859), "Missouri"
* John P. Hale (1806-1873), "New Hampshire" …elected to fill vacancy from preceding Congress, July 30 1855
* James Harlan (1820-1899), "Iowa" …elected to fill vacancy, December 31 1855, seat declared vacant January 12 1857, subsequently elected January 29 1857.
* James C. Jones (1809-1859), "Tennessee" :M-R
* Thomas G. Pratt (1804-1869), "Maryland" :S-Z
* William H. Seward (1801-1872), "New York"
* Charles Sumner (1811-1874), "Massachusetts"
* John B. Thompson (1810-1874), "Kentucky"
* Benjamin F. Wade (1800-1878), "Ohio"
* Henry Wilson (1812-1875), "Massachusetts"

=American=

* Samuel Houston (1793-1863), "Texas"

=Republican=

* Amos Nourse (1794-1877), "Maine" …elected to fill vacancy, January 16 1857.

House of Representatives

Members of the House of Representatives were elected by popular vote, variously to single member districts or at-large.

=Democratic=

:A-B-C
* William Aiken (1806-1887), "South Carolina"
* James C. Allen (1822-1912), "Illinois" …contested election, seat declared vacant July 18 1856, subsequently elected, seated December 1 1856.
* David Barclay (1823-1889), "Pennsylvania"
* William Barksdale (1821-1863), "Mississippi"
* Thomas H. Bayly (1810-1856), "Virginia" …died June 23 1856.
* Peter H. Bell (1812-1898), "Texas"
* Hendley S. Bennett (1807-1891), "Mississippi"
* Thomas S. Bocock (1815-1891), "Virginia"
* Thomas F. Bowie (1808-1869), "Maryland"
* William W. Boyce (1818-1890), "South Carolina"
* Lawrence O'Bryan Branch (1820-1862), "North Carolina"
* Preston S. Brooks (1819-1857), "South Carolina" …resigned July 14 1856, subsequently elected to fill vacancy, seated August 1 1856, died January 27 1857.
* Henry C. Burnett (1825-1866), "Kentucky"
* John Cadwalader (1805-1879), "Pennsylvania"
* John S. Caskie (1821-1869), "Virginia"
* Thomas L. Clingman (1812-1897), "North Carolina"
* Howell Cobb (1815-1868), "Georgia"
* Williamson R. W. Cobb (1807-1864), "Alabama"
* F. Burton Craige (1811-1875), "North Carolina"
* Martin J. Crawford (1820-1883), "Georgia" :D-E-F
* Thomas G. Davidson (1805-1883), "Louisiana"
* Jacob C. Davis (1820-1883), "Illinois" …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 4 1856.
* James W. Denver (1817-1892), "California"
* James F. Dowdell (1818-1871), "Alabama"
* Henry A. Edmundson (1814-1890), "Virginia"
* John M. Elliott (1820-1879), "Kentucky"
* William H. English (1822-1896), "Indiana"
* Charles J. Faulkner (1806-1884), "Virginia"
* Thomas B. Florence (1812-1875), "Pennsylvania"
* Thomas J. D. Fuller (1808-1876), "Maine" :G-H-I
* Muscoe R. H. Garnett (1821-1864), "Virginia" …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1 1856.
* William O. Goode (1798-1859), "Virginia"
* Alfred B. Greenwood (1811-1889), "Arkansas"
* Galusha A. Grow (1823-1907), "Pennsylvania"
* Augustus Hall (1814-1861), "Iowa"
* Sampson W. Harris (1809-1857), "Alabama"
* Thomas L. Harris (1816-1858), "Illinois"
* Philemon T. Herbert (1825-1864), "California"
* John Hickman (1810-1875), "Pennsylvania"
* George S. Houston (1811-1879), "Alabama" :J-K-L
* Joshua H. Jewett (1815-1861), "Kentucky"
* George W. Jones (1806-1884), "Tennessee"
* J. Glancey Jones (1811-1878), "Pennsylvania"
* Laurence M. Keitt (1824-1864), "South Carolina" …resigned July 16 1856, subsequently elected to fill vacancy, seated August 6 1856.
* John Kelly (1822-1886), "New York"
* Zedekiah Kidwell (1814-1872), "Virginia"
* John Letcher (1813-1884), "Virginia"
* John H. Lumpkin (1812-1860), "Georgia" :M-N-O
* Samuel S. Marshall (1821-1890), "Illinois"
* Augustus E. Maxwell (1820-1903), "Florida"
* LaFayette McMullen (1805-1880), "Virginia"
* John McQueen (1804-1867), "South Carolina"
* Smith Miller (1804-1872), "Indiana"
* John S. Millson (1808-1874), "Virginia"
* James L. D. Morrison (1816-1888), "Illinois" …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1 1856.
* Andrew Oliver (1815-1889), "New York"
* James L. Orr (1822-1873), "South Carolina" :P-Q-R
* Asa Packer (1805-1879), "Pennsylvania"
* George W. Peck (1818-1905), "Michigan"
* John S. Phelps (1814-1886), "Missouri"
* Paulus Powell (1809-1874), "Virginia"
* John A. Quitman (1799-1858), "Mississippi"
* William A. Richardson (1811-1875), "Illinois" …resigned August 25 1856.
* Thomas H. Ruffin (1820-1863), "North Carolina"
* Albert Rust ( -1870), "Arkansas" :S-T-U-V
* John M. Sandidge (1817-1890), "Louisiana"
* John H. Savage (1815-1904), "Tennessee"
* James L. Seward (1813-1886), "Georgia"
* Eli S. Shorter (1823-1879), "Alabama"
* Samuel A. Smith (1822-1863), "Tennessee"
* William Smith (1797-1887), "Virginia"
* Francis E. Spinner (1802-1890), "New York"
* Alexander H. Stephens (1812-1883), "Georgia"
* James A. Stewart (1808-1879), "Maryland"
* Albert G. Talbott (1808-1887), "Kentucky"
* Miles Taylor (1805-1873), "Louisiana"
* George Vail (1809-1875), "New Jersey" :W-X-Y-Z
* Hiram B. Warner (1802-1881), "Georgia"
* Albert G. Watkins (1818-1895), "Tennessee"
* Daniel Wells, Jr. (1808-1902), "Wisconsin"
* John Wheeler (1823-1906), "New York"
* John Williams (1807-1875), "New York"
* Warren Winslow (1810-1862), "North Carolina"
* Daniel B. Wright (1812-1887), "Mississippi"
* John V. Wright (1828-1908), "Tennessee"

=American=

:A-B-C
* Thomas P. Akers (1828-1877), "Missouri" …elected to fill vacancy, seated August 18 1856.
* Nathaniel P. Banks (1816-1894), "Massachusetts"
* Jacob Broom (1808-1864), "Pennsylvania"
* James Buffinton (1817-1875), "Massachusetts"
* Anson Burlingame (1820-1870), "Massachusetts"
* John P. Campbell, Jr. (1820-1888), "Kentucky"
* John S. Carlile (1817-1878), "Virginia"
* Calvin C. Chaffee (1811-1896), "Massachusetts"
* Ezra Clark, Jr. (1813-1896), "Connecticut"
* Linus B. Comins (1817-1892), "Massachusetts"
* Leander M. Cox (1812-1865), "Kentucky"
* Aaron H. Cragin (1821-1898), "New Hampshire"
* Elisha D. Cullen (1799-1862), "Delaware" :D-E-F
* William S. Damrell (1809-1860), "Massachusetts"
* Henry Winter Davis (1817-1865), "Maryland"
* Timothy Davis (1821-1888), "Massachusetts"
* Alexander De Witt (1798-1879), "Massachusetts"
* Sidney Dean (1818-1901), "Connecticut"
* Nathaniel B. Durfee (1812-1872), "Rhode Island"
* Francis S. Edwards (1817-1899), "New York"
* Emerson Etheridge (1819-1902), "Tennessee"
* George Eustis, Jr. (1828-1872), "Louisiana"
* Lemuel D. Evans (1810-1877), "Texas"
* Nathaniel G. Foster (1809-1869), "Georgia" :G-H-I
* Robert B. Hall (1812-1868), "Massachusetts"
* J. Morrison Harris (1817-1898), "Maryland"
* Henry W. Hoffman (1825-1895), "Maryland" :J-K-L
* Chauncey L. Knapp (1809-1898), "Massachusetts"
* William A. Lake (1808-1861), "Mississippi" :M-N-O
* Alexander K. Marshall (1808-1884), "Kentucky"
* Humphrey Marshall (1812-1872), "Kentucky" :P-Q-R
* Robert T. Paine (1812-1872), "North Carolina"
* James Pike (1818-1895), "New Hampshire"
* Richard C. Puryear (1801-1867), "North Carolina"
* Edwin G. Reade (1812-1894), "North Carolina"
* Charles Ready (1802-1878), "Tennessee"
* James B. Ricaud (1808-1866), "Maryland"
* Thomas Rivers (1819-1863), "Tennessee" :S-T-U-V
* William R. Smith (1815-1896), "Alabama"
* William H. Sneed (1812-1869), "Tennessee"
* Samuel F. Swope (1809-1865), "Kentucky"
* Mason W. Tappan (1817-1886), "New Hampshire"
* Benjamin B. Thurston (1804-1886), "Rhode Island"
* Mark Trafton (1810-1901), "Massachusetts"
* Robert P. Trippe (1819-1900), "Georgia"
* Warner L. Underwood (1808-1872), "Kentucky"
* William Valk (1806-1879), "New York" :W-X-Y-Z
* Percy Walker (1812-1880), "Alabama"
* William W. Welch (1818-1892), "Connecticut"
* Thomas R. Whitney (1807-1858), "New York"
* John Woodruff (1826-1868), "Connecticut"
* Felix K. Zollicoffer (1812-1862), "Tennessee"

=Opposition=

:A-B-C
* Charles J. Albright (1816-1883), "Ohio"
* John Allison (1812-1878), "Pennsylvania"
* Edward Ball (1811-1872), "Ohio"
* Lucien Barbour (1811-1880), "Indiana"
* Henry Bennett (1808-1868), "New York"
* Samuel P. Benson (1804-1876), "Maine"
* Charles Billinghurst (1818-1865), "Wisconsin"
* John A. Bingham (1815-1900), "Ohio"
* James Bishop (1816-1895), "New Jersey"
* Philemon Bliss (1813-1889), "Ohio"
* Samuel C. Bradshaw (1809-1872), "Pennsylvania"
* Samuel Brenton (1810-1857), "Indiana"
* James H. Campbell (1820-1895), "Pennsylvania"
* Lewis D. Campbell (1811-1882), "Ohio"
* Samuel Caruthers (1820-1860), "Missouri"
* Thomas Child, Jr. (1818-1869), "New York"
* Bayard Clarke (1815-1884), "New York"
* Isaiah D. Clawson (1822-1879), "New Jersey"
* Schuyler Colfax (1823-1885), "Indiana"
* John Covode (1808-1871), "Pennsylvania"
* William Cumback (1829-1905), "Indiana" :D-E-F
* Timothy C. Day (1819-1869), "Ohio"
* John Dick (1794-1872), "Pennsylvania"
* Samuel Dickson (1807-1858), "New York"
* Edward Dodd (1805-1891), "New York"
* George G. Dunn (1812-1857), "Indiana"
* John R. Edie (1814-1888), "Pennsylvania"
* Jonas R. Emrie (1812-1869), "Ohio"
* Thomas T. Flagler (1811-1897), "New York"
* Henry M. Fuller (1820-1860), "Pennsylvania" :G-H-I
* Samuel Galloway (1811-1872), "Ohio"
* Joshua R. Giddings (1795-1864), "Ohio"
* William A. Gilbert (1815-1875), "New York" …resigned February 28 1857.
* Amos P. Granger (1789-1866), "New York"
* Aaron Harlan (1802-1868), "Ohio"
* John Scott Harrison (1804-1878), "Ohio"
* Solomon G. Haven (1810-1861), "New York"
* David P. Holloway (1809-1883), "Indiana"
* Thomas R. Horton (1822-1894), "New York"
* Valentine B. Horton (1802-1888), "Ohio"
* William A. Howard (1813-1880), "Michigan"
* Jonas A. Hughston (1808-1862), "New York" :J-K-L
* William H. Kelsey (1812-1879), "New York"
* Luther M. Kennett (1807-1873), "Missouri"
* Rufus H. King (1820-1890), "New York"
* Jonathan Knight (1787-1858), "Pennsylvania"
* Ebenezer Knowlton (1815-1874), "Maine"
* James Knox (1807-1876), "Illinois"
* John C. Kunkel (1816-1870), "Pennsylvania"
* Benjamin F. Leiter (1813-1866), "Ohio"
* James J. Lindley (1822-1891), "Missouri" :M-N-O
* Daniel Mace (1811-1867), "Indiana"
* Orsamus B. Matteson (1805-1889), "New York" …resigned February 27 1857.
* Andrew Z. McCarty (1808-1879), "New York"
* James Meacham (1810-1856), "Vermont" …died August 23 1856.
* John G. Miller (1812-1856), "Missouri" …died May 11 1856.
* Killian Miller (1785-1859), "New York"
* William Millward (1822-1871), "Pennsylvania"
* Oscar F. Moore (1817-1885), "Ohio"
* Edwin B. Morgan (1806-1881), "New York"
* Justin S. Morrill (1810-1898), "Vermont"
* Richard Mott (1804-1888), "Ohio"
* Ambrose S. Murray (1807-1885), "New York"
* Matthias H. Nichols (1824-1862), "Ohio"
* Jesse O. Norton (1812-1875), "Illinois"
* Mordecai Oliver (1819-1898), "Missouri" :P-Q-R
* John M. Parker (1805-1873), "New York"
* John J. Pearce (1826-1912), "Pennsylvania"
* Guy R. Pelton (1824-1890), "New York"
* Alexander C. M. Pennington (1810-1867), "New Jersey"
* John J. Perry (1811-1897), "Maine"
* John U. Pettit (1820-1881), "Indiana"
* Gilchrist Porter (1817-1894), "Missouri"
* Benjamin Pringle (1807-1887), "New York"
* Samuel A. Purviance (1809-1882), "Pennsylvania"
* David Ritchie (1812-1867), "Pennsylvania"
* George R. Robbins (1808-1875), "New Jersey"
* Anthony E. Roberts (1803-1885), "Pennsylvania"
* David F. Robison (1816-1859), "Pennsylvania"
* Alvah Sabin (1793-1885), "Vermont" :S-T-U-V
* Russell Sage (1816-1906), "New York"
* William R. Sapp (1804-1875), "Ohio"
* Harvey D. Scott (1818-1891), "Indiana"
* John Sherman (1823-1900), "Ohio"
* George A. Simmons (1791-1857), "New York"
* Benjamin Stanton (1809-1872), "Ohio"
* James S. T. Stranahan (1808-1898), "New York"
* James Thorington (1816-1887), "Iowa"
* Lemuel Todd (1817-1891), "Pennsylvania"
* Job R. Tyson (1803-1858), "Pennsylvania" :W-X-Y-Z
* Edward Wade (1802-1866), "Ohio"
* Abram Wakeman (1824-1889), "New York"
* David S. Walbridge (1802-1868), "Michigan"
* Henry Waldron (1819-1880), "Michigan"
* Cadwallader C. Washburn (1818-1882), "Wisconsin"
* Israel Washburn, Jr. (1813-1883), "Maine"
* Elihu B. Washburne (1816-1887), "Illinois"
* Cooper K. Watson (1810-1880), "Ohio"
* John M. Wood (1813-1864), "Maine"
* James H. Woodworth (1804-1869), "Illinois"

=Republican=

* George T. Hodges (1789-1860), "Vermont" …elected to fill vacancy, seated December 1 1856.

References

*cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|authorlink =|coauthors =|year = 1989|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York|id =
*cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|authorlink =|coauthors =|year = 1982|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York|id =

External links

* [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsllink.html Statutes at Large, 1789-1875]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwsjlink.html Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress]
* [http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwhjlink.html#anchor2 House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress]
* [http://www.gpoaccess.gov/serialset/cdocuments/hd108-222/index.html Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress]
* [http://clerk.house.gov/art_history/house_history/index.html U.S. House of Representatives: House History]
* [http://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/stats_and_lists.htm U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists]