Charles Vyner Brooke

Charles Vyner Brooke
Rajah of Sarawak
Reign	24 May 1917 – 1 July 1946
Full name	Charles Vyner de Windt Brooke
Born	30 September 1874(1874-09-30)
Died	9 May 1963(1963-05-09) (aged 88)
Place of death	London, England
Buried	St Leonard's Church, Sheepstor on Dartmoor
Predecessor	Sir Charles Anthoni Johnson-Brooke
Successor	(Anthony Walter Dayrell Brooke: claim renounced)
Consort	Sylvia Brett
Royal House	White Rajahs
Father	Sir Charles Johnson-Brooke, Rajah of Sarawak
Mother	Margaret Alice Lili de Windt

Vyner, Rajah of Sarawak, GCMG (Charles Vyner deWindt Brooke; 26 September 1874–9 May 1963) was the third and final White Rajah of Sarawak.^[1]

Early life

The son of Charles of Sarawak and his wife Margaret de Windt (Ranee Margaret of Sarawak), Vyner was born in London and spent his youth there, being educated at Clevedon, Winchester College, and Magdalene College, Cambridge.^[2] He then entered the Sarawak public service.

Vyner served as aide-de-camp to his father 1897-1898, district officer of Simanggang 1898-1901, Resident of Mukah and Oya, 1902–1903, Resident of the Third Division 1903-1904, President of the Law Courts 1904-1911, Vice-President of the Supreme and General Councils 1904-1911.

In his military career he was 2nd Lieutenant 3rd County of London (Sharpshooters) Yeomanry (12 May 1911), resigning on 21 May 1913. During World War I he served incognito as a private in anti-aircraft defence and as a fitter in the aeroplane manufacturing works at Shoreditch, east London.

He was granted the personal style of His Highness by command of George V, 22 June 1911. It was in England that he met and married The Hon. Sylvia Brett, daughter of Lord Esher,^[1] on 21 February 1911. They returned to Sarawak.

Rajah of Sarawak

Brooke effigy on the Sarawak dollar of 1935

Following the death of his father, Vyner succeeded on 17 May and was proclaimed Rajah on 24 May 1917 at Kuching. He took the oath before the Council Negri on 22 July 1918. Vyner's early years as Rajah saw a boom in the Sarawak rubber and oil industries and the subsequent rise in the Sarawak economy allowed him to modernise the country's institutions, including the public service, and introduce a penal code developed on British India lines in 1924.

Granted a knighthood in 1927, Vyner continued to run a hands-off and relatively popular administration that banned Christian missionaries and fostered indigenous traditions (to an extent; headhunting was outlawed). Sarawak, however, was not immune to Japanese imperial ambition, which manifested itself in Sarawak on 25 December 1941. In that same year he withdrew £200,000 from the Treasury for his personal expenses, in exchange for limiting his powers by a new constitution.^[3] Vyner and his family were visiting Sydney, Australia, where he would remain for the duration of the war.^{[citation needed]}

The Daily Telegraph described him as "a cloud-living Old Wykehamist, ... one of the few monarchs left in the world who could still say l'Etat, c'est moi." Similarly, his Who's Who entry read thus: "Has led several expeditions into the far interior of the country to punish headhunters; understands the management of natives; rules over a population of 500,000 souls and a country" 40,000 square miles (100,000 km²) in extent.^[4]

Abdication and later life

Vyner returned to Sarawak on 15 April 1946 and temporarily resumed as Rajah, until 1 July 1946 when he ceded Sarawak to the British government as a crown colony, thus ending White Rajah rule in Sarawak.

Vyner died in London at No. 13, Albion Street, Bayswater, W2 on 9 May 1963,^[1] four months before Sarawak as well as Malaya, Sabah and Singapore joined together to form the Federation of Malaysia.

Vyner, his father, his brother Bertram, the Tuan Muda, and Rajah James, are buried in St Leonard's Church in the village of Sheepstor on Dartmoor.

Family

He was survived by three daughters:

• Dayang Leonora Margaret, Countess of Inchcape, wife of firstly the Earl of Inchcape (one son, Lord Tanlaw, and one daughter) and, secondly of US Colonel Francis Parker Tompkins (one son).
• Dayang Elizabeth, a RADA educated singer and actress, wife of firstly Harry Roy (one son and one daughter), and secondly, Richard Vidmer until her death.^[5]
• Dayang Nancy Valerie, wife of firstly, Robert Gregory, an American wrestler, secondly, José Pepi Cabarro - a Spanish businessman, thirdly, Andrew Aitken Macnair (one son, Stewart, born 1952), and fourthly, Memery Whyatt. She died in Florida.^[1]

Titles from birth to death

• C. Vyner de Windt Brooke, Esq. (26 September 1874 - 30 July 1891)
• Vyner, The Rajah Muda of Sarawak (31 July 1891- 11 May 1911)
• Lieutenant The Rajah Muda of Sarawak (12 May 1911 - 21 June 1911)
• H.H. Lieut. The Rajah Muda of Sarawak (22 June 1911 - 21 May 1913)
• H.H. Vyner, The Rajah Muda of Sarawak (21 May 1913 - 1916)
• H.H. Private The Rajah Muda of Sarawak (1916 - 16 May 1917)
• H.H. Rajah Vyner of Sarawak (17 May 1917 - 1917)
• Col. H.H. Rajah Vyner of Sarawak (1917 - 2 June 1927)
• Col. H.H. Rajah Vyner of Sarawak, GCMG (3 June 1917 - 1932)
• H.H. Rajah Vyner of Sarawak, GCMG (1932 - 9 May 1963) Although his rule in Sarawak ceased in 1946, part of his abdication 'deal' was that he maintained his styles and titles for life..

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d} The Peerage
2. ^ Brooke, Charles Vyner in Venn, J. & J. A., Alumni Cantabrigienses, Cambridge University Press, 10 vols, 1922–1958.
3. ^ Accounts by his nephew, Anthony Brooke
4. ^ "The girl who would be queen", The Daily Telegraph, 2/6/2007.
5. ^ Princess Pearl (aka Elizabeth Vyner Brooke) - IMDb

Charles Vyner Brooke Brooke family Born: 26 September 1874 Died: 9 May 1963
Regnal titles
Preceded by Charles	Rajah of Sarawak 1917-1946	Succeeded by None (Sarawak became British overseas territory)
Political offices
Preceded by Charles	Head of government of Sarawak 1917-1946	Succeeded by Edward Gent (as Governor of the Malayan Union)
Titles in pretence
Preceded by None	— TITULAR — titular Rajah of Sarawak 1946-1963	Succeeded by Anthony Walter Dayrell Brooke (claim renounced)

Persondata
Name	Brooke, Charles Vyner
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	30 September 1874
Place of birth
Date of death	9 May 1963
Place of death	London, England