Central railway station, Sydney

Cityrail Station alt|
Central
servicearea=South Coast Line|servicearea_color=#South Coast line colour|servicearea_textcolor=white
servicearea2=Southern Highlands Line|servicearea_color2=#Southern Highlands line colour|servicearea_textcolor2=white
servicearea3=Blue Mountains Line|servicearea_color3=#Blue Mountains line colour|servicearea_textcolor3=black
servicearea4=Newcastle & Central Coast Line|servicearea_color4=#Newcastle and Central Coast line colour|servicearea_textcolor4=white
servicearea5=Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line|servicearea_color5=#Illawarra line colour|servicearea_textcolor5=white
servicearea6=Bankstown Line|servicearea_color6=#Bankstown line colour|servicearea_textcolor6=black
servicearea7=Inner West Line|servicearea_color7=#Inner West line colour|servicearea_textcolor7=white
servicearea8=Airport & East Hills Line|servicearea_color8=#East Hills line colour|servicearea_textcolor8=white
servicearea9=South Line|servicearea_color9=#South line colour|servicearea_textcolor9=black
servicearea10=North Shore Line|servicearea_color10=#North Shore line colour|servicearea_textcolor10=black
servicearea11=Western Line|servicearea_color11=#Western line colour|servicearea_textcolor11=black
servicearea12=Olympic Park Line|servicearea_color12=#Olympic Park line colour|servicearea_textcolor12=white
servicearea13=Northern Line|servicearea_color13=#Northern line colour|servicearea_textcolor13=white
code=SBO|suburb=Haymarket|street=Railway Square
Pitt St
Eddy Ave
Chalmers St|distance=0|altitude=?|traintype=Suburban all stations
Suburban limited stops
Intercity
CountryLink
Indian Pacific|platforms=27 (25 in use)|tracks=25|platform_arr=15 terminating
6 islands (1 not in use)|stationtype=Ground/Underground|gates=Yes|connect=Train
Bus
Light Rail|disabled=Yes|facilities= [http://www.cityrail.info/facilities/facilities.jsp?n=61&giveOutput=true&facility= Link]

Central Railway Station (also known as Sydney Terminal) is the largest railway station in Sydney. It is located on the southern end of the Sydney CBD. It services almost all of the lines on the CityRail network, and is the major terminus for interurban and interstate rail services. Central Station houses the operations of New South Wales Railways and is located at the southern edge of the Sydney Central Business District. Central sits beside Railway Square and is officially located in Haymarket. Central is the station closest to the University of Technology Sydney at Broadway.

History

There have been three stations on the current site.The original Sydney Station was opened on 26 September 1855 in an area known as "Cleveland Fields." This station (one wooden platform in a corrugated iron shed), which was known at the time as Redfern, had Devonshire Street as its northern boundary.When this station became inadequate for the traffic it carried, a new station was built in 1874 on the same site and also was known as Redfern. This was a brick building with two platforms. It grew to 14 platforms before it was replaced by the present-day station to the north of Devonshire Street. The new station was built on a site previously occupied by the Devonshire Street Cemetery, a convent, a female refuge, a police barracks, a parsonage and a Benevolent Society. The remains exhumed from the cemetery were re-interred at a number of other Sydney cemeteries including Rookwood Cemetery and Waverley Cemetery. The new 15-platform station was opened on 4 August 1906 and included the previous Mortuary Station designed to transport funerals to Rookwood Cemetery. The 1906 building is still in use as the main Sydney train terminal.

The last train departed platform 5 of the old Sydney station at midnight. During the remainder of that night the passenger concourse was demolished and the line extended through the old station into the new station. The Western Mail train that arrived in Sydney at 5:50am on 5 August 1906 went straight into the new station [cite book|last=Preston|first=Ronald George|year=1980|title=125 Years of the Sydney to Parramatta Railway|publisher=The New South Wales Rail Transport Museum|location=Burwood|id=ISBN 0-909862-13-3|pages=p60] . Devonshire Street, which separated the two stations, became a pedestrian underpass to allow people to cross the railway line and is now known by many as the Devonshire St Tunnel.Sydney station has expanded since 1906 in an easterly direction. A 75-metre clock tower in the Free Classical style was added at the north-western corner of the station, opened in 3 March 1921.

A riot begun by discontented troops took place at the station in 1916. During the "Battle of Central", one man died and several were injured. The only evidence remaining is a small bullet-hole in the marble by the entrance to platform 1. [Baker, Jordan, "The secret life of us — tunnel vision exposed", Sydney Morning Herald, 2 August 2006. Accessed via Factiva on 5 April 2007.]

Central Station celebrated its 100 years of service anniversary on 5 August 2006.

tation configuration

In attempting to describe Sydney's Central Station as it stands currently, it is probably better to think of the station as two separate, but adjacent, railway stations.In the days of steam, the station was regarded as being divided into "steam" and "electric" parts.

The western ("steam") half of Central Station, which is known as Sydney Terminal comprises 15 terminal platforms and was opened in 1906. This section is dominated by a large vaulted roof over the concourse and elaborate masonry composed primarily of sandstone, the most common rock in the Sydney region. This western section is popularly known as the "country platforms", even though only four platforms are commonly used for long-distance trains. Most of the 15 platforms are used for terminating CityRail's intercity services..

To the west of Platform 1, there was previously a siding leading to two dock platforms for use of mail trains. This siding has been cut back to serve a car loading ramp for the Indian Pacific. The space where the mail sidings were is now a Youth Hostel. The hostel rooms are modelled on old train carriages.

The eastern ("suburban" or "electric") part of Central Station, formerly known as 'Central Electric', consists of 12 through platforms, four of which are underground. These platforms are used by suburban CityRail services, and by a limited number of through intercity services during peak hours. The eight above-ground platforms were opened in 1926 as part of a large electrification and modernisation program aimed at improving Sydney's suburban railway services.

The four underground platforms were built as part of the Eastern Suburbs Railway. Construction commenced in 1948 but the underground railway line was not finished until 1979. While the plans called for four platforms, two were found to be not needed and are currently used as archival storage by the New South Wales Railways.

ervice and platforms

Central Station currently serves all suburban lines except for the Cumberland Line, and all intercity lines except for the Hunter Line. All long-distance rural and interstate passenger trains operated by the State-owned CountryLink and the famous Indian Pacific, the twice-weekly train between Sydney and Perth, Western Australia, terminate at Central.

The platforms at Sydney's Central Station are numbered from 1 to 27, with 1 being the westernmost platform and 27 being one of the easternmost. The services which generally use each platform are listed below.

Platforms 1-3:
*Great Southern Railway - the Indian Pacific service to Perth via Broken Hill, Adelaide, and Kalgoorlie.
*Countrylink North Coast - country services to Brisbane (1 per day) Casino (1 per day), and Grafton (1 per day.)
*Countrylink Southern - country services to Canberra (2 per day), Melbourne (2 per day), and Griffith (1 per week).
*Countrylink Western - country services to Dubbo (1 per day) and Broken Hill (1 per week).
*Countrylink North Western - country services to Armidale and Moree via Werris Creek (1 per day).
*Occasional heritage and train enthusiasts' special trains.

Platforms 4 - 15:
*Newcastle and Central Coast line colour>Newcastle & Central Coast Line - intercity services to Gosford, Wyong & Newcastle.
*Blue Mountains line colour>Blue Mountains Line - intercity services to Springwood, Katoomba, Mt Victoria and Lithgow.
*Southern Highlands line colour>Southern Highlands Line - peak hour intercity services to Moss Vale & Goulburn via Granville. (At other times, Southern Highlands line trains depart from Campbelltown).
*South Coast line colour>South Coast Line - intercity services to Thirroul, Wollongong, Port Kembla, Dapto and Kiama.
*Olympic Park line colour>Olympic Park Line - weekday off-peak and special event limited stops services to Olympic Park.

Platform 16:
*North Shore line colour>North Shore Line - all stations and limited stops services to Lindfield, Gordon, Hornsby and Berowra. Peak hour intercity services to Wyong via the North Shore line.

Platform 17:
*Inner West line colour>Inner West Line - all stations services around the City Circle (clockwise: first stop Town Hall).
*South line colour>South Line - all stations services around the City Circle (clockwise: first stop Town Hall).

Platform 18:
*Northern line colour>Northern Line - all stations and limited stops services to Eastwood and Hornsby via Strathfield.
*Western line colour>Western Line - all stations and limited stops services to Blacktown, Riverstone, Richmond, Penrith and Emu Plains.
*Blue Mountains line colour>Blue Mountains Line - peak hour intercity services to Springwood.

Platform 19:
*Inner West line colour>Inner West Line - all stations and limited stops services to Ashfield, Cabramatta and Liverpool via Regent's Park.
*South line colour>South Line - all stations and limited stops services to Glenfield and Campbelltown via Lidcombe.

Platform 20:
*Bankstown line colour>Bankstown Line - all stations services around the City Circle (anticlockwise: first stop Museum).
*East Hills line colour>Airport & East Hills Line - peak hour all stations services around the City Circle (anticlockwise: first stop Museum).

Platform 21:
*East Hills line colour>Airport & East Hills Line - all stations services around the City Circle (anticlockwise: first stop Museum).

Platform 22:
*Bankstown line colour>Bankstown Line - all stations services to Bankstown, Lidcombe and Liverpool via Sydenham.
*East Hills line colour>Airport & East Hills Line - peak hour express services to Campbelltown and Macarthur via Sydenham and East Hills.

Platform 23:
*East Hills line colour>Airport & East Hills Line - all stations and limited stops services to Kingsgrove, East Hills, Glenfield, Campbelltown and Macarthur via the Airport.

Platform 24 (underground):
*Illawarra line colour>Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line - all stations services to Bondi Junction.

Platform 25 (underground):
*Illawarra line colour>Eastern Suburbs & Illawarra Line - all stations and limited stops services to Hurstville, Mortdale, Sutherland, Cronulla, and Waterfall.
*South Coast line colour>South Coast Line - peak hour intercity services to Thirroul, Wollongong and Port Kembla.

Platforms 26 & 27 (underground):
*Located directly above Platforms 24 and 25, these platforms have never been used by rail traffic. They were formerly used as archival storage, but are now empty. There was a concept in the early 1990s to use them for the proposed "Very Fast Train" to Melbourne which did not come to fruition, [Fullagar, D. "Forgotten tunnels may breathe life". Telegraph Mirror, 15 October 1990.] they may however be used for the proposed Redfern to Chatswood Rail Link.

Light rail

Central station is also the location for the Central light rail station, the eastern terminus of the Metro Light Rail line in Sydney, which runs for 7.2km between the station and the terminus, Lilyfield light rail stop. It is the only station on the light rail line at present where transfer to CityRail services is possible.

The light rail stop is located in an outside concourse area of Central station, located near to the main waiting area and departure hall. (This area was originally designed for trams, and was used by such until 1958, after which the service was withdrawn. It was known as "Railway Colonnade" in the original tramway system.) It allows easy transfer from train services to Chinatown, the Darling Harbour precinct, Pyrmont and some of the inner western suburbs. A TramLink card was made available by Metro Transport and Cityrail to facilitate these transfers through the purchase of one ticket on both systems.

Bus & coach services

Many major bus services depart from adjacent Eddy Avenue, Chalmers Street or from Railway Square on George Street, accessible through the Devonshire Street Tunnel, which crosses directly under the rail station from the suburban lines. Long-distance road coaches also terminate in Sydney at Central Station on Eddy Avenue. Public bus services also depart from Chalmers Street, such as replacement services for CityRail trains due to track work, or free shuttle services to special events, like rugby or cricket.

Students that alight from Central station to travel to the University of New South Wales board buses at Stand D on Eddy Avenue to go to the university, and arrive on the station side of Eddy Avenue on the return trip at Central. Express Buses (Route 891) to the University of New South Wales arrive approximately every 2 minutes during morning peak hours, with decreasing frequency in off peak hours.

Bus Services

Beyond the railway station is the Sydney Buses Central station (Eddy Avenue) and Railway Square (George Street) terminus. A large number of Sydney Buses services originate from this stop. They are:

Railway Square (George Street)

Stand A (Eastern Suburbs Services):

*305 - to Mascot - (O`Riordan Street near Baxter Road).
*311 - to Circular Quay - (Young Street Set Down).
*372 - to Coogee - (Arden Street near Dolphin Street).
*378 - to Bronte Beach - (Bronte Beach Terminus).
*393 - to Little Bay - (Anzac Parade near Little Bay Road).
*395 - to Maroubra Beach - (Maroubra Beach Set Down Only).

Stand B(Northern Beaches Services):

*E86 - to Church Point - (Mccarrs Creek Terminus).
*E87 - to Newport - (Seaview Avenue near Robertson Road).
*L88 - to Avalon - (Carreel Head Road near Burrawong Road).
*E88 - to Avalon - (Barrenjoey Road near Careel Head Road).
*E89 - to Avalon - (Barrenjoey Road near Avalon Pde).
*L90 - to Palm Beach - (Ocean Pl near Ocean Road).

Stand C (Inner West Services):

*422 - to Tempe Bus Depot; to Newtown Bridge (King St).
*423 - to Kingsgrove Bus Depot (Omnibus Road).
*L23 - to Kingsgrove Bus Depot (Omnibus Road).
*426 - to Dulwich Hill (Marrickville Rd near New Canterbury Road).
*428 - to Canterbury (Broughton St, near Canterbury Railway Station.
*L28 - to Canterbury (Broughton St, near Canterbury Railway Station.

Stand D (South West Services):

*412 - to Campsie - (South Parade).
*413 - to Campsie - (Beamish Street near North Parade).
*431 - to Glebe Point - (Federal Road Terminus).
*432 - to Birchgrove - (Grove Street Terminus).
*433 - to Balmain - (Darling Street near Curtis Road).
*434 - to Balmain - (Darling Street near Curtis Road).
*435 - to Leichhardt - (Derbyshire Road near Leichhardt Bus Depot).
*436 - to Chiswick - (Blackwall Point Rd & Bortfield Dr).
*437 - to Five Dock - (First Ave & Great North Road).
*438 - to Abbotsford - (Great North Road & The Terrace).
*L38 - to Abbotsford (Great North Road & The Terrace).
*440 - to Rozelle - (Terry Street near Victoria Road).
*L40 - to Rozelle - (Terry Street near Victoria Road).
*461 - to Burwood - (Railway Parade near Burwood Plaza).

Central Station (Eddy Avenue)

Stand A:

*311 - to Circular Quay - (Young Street Set Down).
*378 - to Bronte Beach - (Bronte Beach Terminus).

Stand C:

*339 - to Clovelly - (Clovelly Road Terminus).
*372 - to Coogee - (Arden Street near Dolphin Street).
*374 - to Coogee - (Arden Street near Dolphin Street).
*376 - to Maroubra Beach - (Maroubra Beach Set Down Only).
*391 - to Port Botany - (Port Botany Terminus); to La Perouse (Anzac Parade Terminus).
*393 - to Little Bay - (Anzac Parade near Little Bay Road).
*395 - to Maroubra Beach - (Maroubra Beach Set Down Only).

Stand D:

*309 - to Port Botany - (Port Botany Terminus).
*310 - to Eastgardens - (Westfields Lower Level Set Down).
*891 - to Randwick - (High Street near Botany Street).
*892 - to Randwick - (High Street near Botany Street).

Devonshire Street pedestrian tunnel

After the new Central Station terminal was built in 1906, Devonshire Street, which used to lie to the north of the old Central Railway Station, became an underpass. The underpass allows pedestrian traffic to access the eastern "suburban" trains section of the station from Railway Square and Elizabeth Street. This allows passengers to easily access bus routes operating from these streets. The tunnel itself runs perpendicular to the train platforms above.

Image gallery

Neighbouring stations

Country services

City services

References

ee also

*Sydney Explorer
*Central railway station, Brisbane the railway station of the same name in Brisbane.

External links

* [http://www.trainman.id.au/photos/tunnels Trainman's Train Page] - pictures of unused platforms 26 & 27 (at bottom of page).
* [http://www.cityrail.info/aboutus/station_tour/location_1.jsp Cityrail's Tour of Central Station] - information about specific points of interest in the station.

Further reading

Citation
last1 = McKillop | first1 = Robert
last2 = Ellsmore | first2 = Donald
last3 = Oakes | first3 = John
title = A Century of Central
publisher = Australian Railway Historical Society NSW Division
date = 2008
year =
isbn = 978 0 9757870 6 9

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