Morialta Conservation Park

Morialta Conservation Park
IUCN Category III (Natural Monument)
Nearest town/city	Adelaide
Coordinates	34°54′2″S 138°42′38″E / 34.90056°S 138.71056°E / -34.90056; 138.71056
Area	5.33 km²
Established	2 August 1990
Managing authorities	Department for Environment and Heritage
Official site	Morialta Conservation Park

Morialta Conservation Park is a public reserve 10 km north-east of Adelaide, in the state of South Australia, Australia. The park is in a rugged bush environment, with a narrow gorge set with three waterfalls, bounded by steep ridges and cliffs. The park caters to many activities, including bush walking, bird watching and rock climbing.

Morialta Conservation Park showing First Falls and Morialta Gorge, note scree slope at far right.

History

Giant's Cave

Morialta derives its name from a Kaurna word meaning "ever flowing" or "running water".^[1][2] The area which is now Morialta Conservation Park was originally acquired by pastoralists in 1839.^[3] In 1847, John Baker bought the land and built the grand Morialta House and Morialta Barns on Fourth Creek, near the head of the gorge.^[4] John Smith Reid was also a major landholder in the area, and in 1911, he offered to donate part of his land as a national reserve.

Reid donated 218 hectares (540 acres) in 1913, and in 1915 the area was declared a National Pleasure Resort. Much of the construction work in the park was begun in the 1920s and 1930s, although floods and bushfires have destroyed much of this original work. In 1966 additional property to the east was added, and the park was declared a National park. In 1972 the park was re-proclaimed as Morialta Conservation Park.

Major rebuilding was required after flooding in 1980, and flooding in November 2005 again caused damage to paths and walkways.

Geography and climate

First Falls

Second Falls

Morialta Conservation Park covers 5.33 km² within the Mount Lofty Ranges, which run north-south to the east of Adelaide's coastal plain. It is bounded by Black Hill Conservation Park on the north, Norton Summit road on the south, the suburb of Rostrevor on the west, and by agricultural land on the east.

The park lies mostly on either side of Morialta Gorge, along the bottom of which runs Fourth Creek. There are three waterfalls on the creek, named respectively First, Second and Third Falls.

The main access to the park is via the vehicle entrance off Morialta Road, and there is walking access at various points along Norton Summit Road.

Morialta shares Adelaide's Mediterranean climate, with average temperatures of 17 degrees Celsius in winter, to 28 degrees during summer. The park receives average annual rainfall of 800 mm, mostly between May and September. During summer (December to February) temperatures can rise above 40 degrees.

Activities

The park caters for a variety of activities, including bush walking, picnics, rock climbing and bird watching. There are many walking paths within the park.

Rock Climbing

Toproping Balthazar (12) near Boulder Bridge.

Being only 10 km from the centre of Adelaide and having a large number of climbs, Morialta is one of the most popular rock climbing areas in South Australia.^[5] The rock is quartzite, and there are heavy duty rings at the top of most routes to allow for easy top-roping.^[6]

There are several crags along both sides of the gorge. On the southern side, from the western end, there is Milestone Buttress, The Outcrops, The Buttress, Billiard Table, Boulder Bridge, Throne Room and Far Crag. On the northern side there is The Lost Walls and Thorn Buttress.^[7] Far Crag is one of the more popular crags, with over 67 routes graded from 4 (Ewbanks) to 27.

History

The first climbing at Morialta was in 1962 by a group from the Adelaide University Mountain Club (AUMC). Four members of the club were given an introduction by the National Fitness Council and began regular climbing at the site. Access at this time was from the western end of the park (the Adelaide side) and so the cliffs to the western end were climbed first. No documentation of the climbing occurred until 1968, when Far Crag was discovered. It was named such because it is the furthest from the western end and so had the longest walk to reach it.^[8]

A large number of routes were put up at the park up until the 1970s. A visit by international climbers in 1971 saw the standards of free climbing increase at the park, with many new bold routes being led. The late 70's saw grades at the park reach 25.^[9]

Remarkably, The Lost Walls were not discovered until 1986, hence their name and is the most recent addition of a significant number of climbs. 1994 saw the highest graded new route put up in the park, at 27.^[10] Access is now from Norton Summit Road, on the southern side of the park.

Style of climbing

The highest volume of climbing in the gorge is done on top rope, which is made especially easy by the provision of regularly tested steel rings at the tops of many climbs. These rings greatly simplify the task of building an anchor, making outdoor climbing accessible to a broader range of people.

Although most routes can be top-roped, there are routes which are bolted for sport climbing, or suitable for traditional climbing with natural gear, or a mixture of both. Often a route which is suitable for sport or traditional climbing can also be top-roped.

Notes

1. ^ Park Guide - Morialta Conservation Park, Adelaide: Department for Environment and Heritage, 2001 (published June 2001) 
2. ^ http://www.anps.org.au/documents/June_2005.pdf
3. ^ http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/parks/sanpr/morialta/european.html
4. ^ http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A030076b.htm
5. ^ Pritchard 2002 p 175
6. ^ Neagle 1997, p41
7. ^ Neagle 1997, p47
8. ^ Neagle 1997, pp41-43
9. ^ Neagle 1997, p44
10. ^ Neagle 1997, p45

References

• Pritchard, Greg (2002). Climbing Australia: the essential guide. New Holland Publishers (Australia)
• Neagle, Nick (1997). The Adelaide Hills, A Rock Climber's Guide, ISBN 064324276
• Morialta Conservation Park, retrieved 3-12-2005
• Friends of Black Hill and Morialta Conservation Parks, retrieved 3-12-2005

External links

• Morialta Conservation Park