North American Islamic Trust

North American Islamic Trust
North American Islamic Trust (NAIT)
Type Private; not-for-profit; tax-exempt organization under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code
Founded Plainfield, Indiana, US (1973 (1973))
Founder(s) Muslim Students Association
Headquarters Plainfield, Indiana, US
Area served US
Parent Islamic Society of North America
Subsidiaries Allied Asset Advisors; American Trust Publications; Islamic Book Service
Website nait.net

The North American Islamic Trust (NAIT) is a Saudi-backed organization based in Plainfield, Indiana, that owns Islamic properties and promotes waqf (Islamic endowments) in North America. It is the financial arm of the Muslim Students Association.[1][2]

NAIT finances and holds titles to mosques, Islamic schools, and other real estate to safeguard and pool the assets of the American Muslim community, develops financial vehicles and financial products that are compatible with both Shari'ah and American law, publishes and distributes Islamic literature, provides legal advice to Muslim organizations, and facilitates and coordinates Islamic community projects.[3]

In 2007, NAIT was named as an unindicted co-conspirator in the Holy Land Foundation terrorist trial, as was board member Jamal Said.[4]

Contents

Background

NAIT is a not-for-profit entity that qualifies as a tax-exempt organization under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. NAIT was established in 1973 in Indiana by the Muslim Students Association (MSA) of the United States and Canada, the predecessor of the Islamic Society of North America (ISNA), by some of the same Muslim Brotherhood members who started the MSA.[5][6] ISNA's President, Dr. Ingrid Mattson Mattson, is a former member of the NAIT board of directors.[7] A sister organization under the same name registered a few years later in the Canadian province of Ontario.[8]

NAIT supports and provides services to ISNA, MSA, their affiliates, and other Islamic centers and institutions.[9]

Financial services

Financing mosques and Islamic schools

NAIT offers waqf protection to properties of mosques, safeguards these community assets, and ensures their conformity to Islamic purposes. According to a report by the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR), in 2000 NAIT funded an estimated 27% of the 1,209 mosques in the US.[10] NAIT held title to over 320 properties as of June 2003. Title to about one in four mosques in the US are held by NAIT.[11]

NAIT facilitates the establishment of mosques (such as the Dar Al Hijrah Islamic Center, the grounds of which were purchased on June 19, 1983, by NAIT)[12] and Islamic schools by extending limited interest-free loans to needy communities from its investment venture called the Islamic Centers Cooperative Fund (ICCF). About 8% of this fund goes annually to support local communities acquiring and improving mosques. The remainder is placed in real estate and other investments.

The Islamic Academy of Florida in Hillsborough County, Florida, owned by NAIT and founded in 1992 by Sami Al-Arian, was described in a 2003 federal indictment as a base of operations and support for a terrorist cell of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, a group said to be responsible for the murders of more than 100 people. The indictment said the Academy's offices were used to communicate with Islamic Jihad operatives, and a woman seeking to support the Palestinian cause was told simply to write a check to the Academy.[13] On March 2, 2006, Al-Arian entered a guilty plea to a charge of conspiracy to help the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, a "specially designated terrorist" organization.[14] Al-Arian was sentenced to 57 months in prison, and ordered deported following his prison term.[15]

In August 2004 Mohammed M. Hossain and Yassin M. Aref, two leaders of a mosque owned by NAIT in Albany, were arrested in a sting operation on charges that they took part in what they thought was a plot to import a shoulder-fired missile and assassinate a Pakistani diplomat in New York City.[16] They were convicted and sentenced to 15 years in prison in 2007.

Financial products and services

NAIT develops Islamic financial products that comply with Shari'ah while addressing the investment and financial needs of Muslim organizations, individuals, and their businesses. Over the last two decades, NAIT has established and sponsored mutual funds that invest in companies which meet the universal ethical principles of Islam.

The Dow Jones Islamic Fund

The Dow Jones Islamic Fund (IMANX) is a no-load mutual fund launched in June 2000 and offered by Allied Asset Advisors, a subsidiary of NAIT, which in 2003 had over $35 million ($41,784,029 today) in assets.[17] NAIT invests in Shari'ah-compliant companies. It includes, among others, shares of stocks from the Dow Jones Islamic Market Indexes, which consist solely of common stocks that meet universal Islamic principles, as advised by a Shari'ah Supervisory Board of six Islamic scholars from six countries.[18]

Islamic literature

NAIT says that the ever-increasing Muslim population in the US demands a variety of Islamic literature. Some publishers of certain Islamic literature believe, it maintains, that the media and others misrepresent Islam and Muslims. NAIT says these publishers believe that this alleged misrepresentation necessitates the development of authentic Islamic literature. NAIT believes it meets this need by publishing and distributing what it views as credible Islamic literature.

American Trust Publications

American Trust Publications (ATP), established by NAIT in 1976, is a publishing house that has published over 260 books, mostly focusing on Islamic faith and practice.[19]

"No political system or material power should put hindrances in the way of preaching Islam. If someone does this, then it is the duty of Islam to fight him until either he is killed or until he declares his submission," asserts an Islamic publication distributed by the North American Islamic Trust.[citation needed]

NAIT holds title to more than 300 mosques in America – including the large Islamic center outside Washington where the Fort Hood terrorist and some of the 9/11 hijackers worshipped.[citation needed]

Islamic Book Service

Islamic Book Service (IBS), established in 1965, offers a comprehensive stock of books by Muslim scholars, titles for children, and multi-media products. IBS sells over 2,500 book titles (primarily in English and Arabic), CDs, DVDs, and audio and video tapes about Islam, and is one of the largest distributors of Islamic books in the West.[20]

Wahhabism

Saudi Arabia has funded NAIT in order to spread Wahhabism, the conservative fundamentalist Saudi Arabian version of Islam compatible with the ideology of the Muslim Brotherhood that views other versions as heretical, in the US.[21][22] As NAIT has helped US communities build mosques, NAIT in turn has been dependent on Saudi funding. According to a September 30, 2002, Newsweek report, "NAIT money has helped the Saudi Arabian sect of Wahhabism—or Salafism, as the broader, pan-Islamic movement is called—to seize control of hundreds of mosques in the U.S. Muslim communities."[23] US law enforcement officials have indicated that they feel the mosques supported by NAIT have especially radical agendas.[24] Furthermore, NAIT's book service promotes the writings of the founder of Wahhabism, Muhammad ibn Abd-al-Wahhab.[25][26]

The mosques built through NAIT often require continued maintenance support from NAIT, which keeps title to the mosques, often appoints individuals to the mosques' boards of directors, appoints the mosque's imam (who is often Wahhabi), supplies free Wahhabi literature, and brings promising candidates to Saudi Arabia for additional indoctrination before sending them back to the US.[27] The Constitution of Dar Al-Hijrah requires, for example, that the mosque at all times include on its 9-member Board of Directors the then-current General Manager of NAIT, Secretary General of ISNA, President of Muslim Arab Youth Association (MAYA), and President of Muslim American Society (MAS).[28] Directors serve for 5-year terms, and new Directors are elected by the then-current Directors.

The effort to spread Wahhabism has led to conflict with more moderate and less fundamentalist Moslems as with Saudi backing NAIT has seized control of mosques in various states including Florida, California, Illinois, Texas, and Arizona.[29][30] "We feel this is very much a war for the heart and soul of our religion," said Jamaluddin Hoffman of the Islamic Supreme Council of America, which represents Sufi Muslims. Khalid Durán, an Islamic scholar and author, said NAIT wants "all the mosques to be ideologically pure in their own Wahhabist line. They want to prevent others from having influence." Durán and others say NAIT often takes title to a mosque after extremists have seized control. Soon, Wahhabi literature shows up in the mosques and related Islamic schools, only Wahhabi-oriented speakers are allowed to speak, and women are often separated from men for services.[31]

Links to terrorism

In 2007, federal prosecutors brought charges against Holy Land Foundation for allegedly funding terrorist activities of Hamas and other Islamic terrorist organizations. NAIT was named as an unindicted co-conspirator in the case,[32] along with the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) and ISNA. The Al Ahram Weekly said "Muslims are witnessing a smear campaign", and said "these groups represent the viewpoints and interests of the mainstream American Muslim community."[33]

In 2009, U.S. District Court Judge Jorge Solis found that the Justice Department violated the Fifth Amendment rights of the NAIT and CAIR in 2007 by including them on the publicly filed co-conspirator list.

NAIT is also mentioned as an allied organization in a 1991 Muslim Brotherhood internal memorandum on its US strategy.[34]

References

  1. ^ The Muslims of America, Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad, Oxford University Press US, 1993, ISBN 0-19-508559-0, 9780195085594, accessed December 12, 2009
  2. ^ Islam and the Blackamerican: looking toward the third resurrection, p. 71, Sherman A. Jackson, Oxford University Press US, 2005, ISBN 0-19-518081-X, 9780195180817, accessed December 12, 2009
  3. ^ American Jihad, Steven Emerson, Simon and Schuster, 2003, ISBN 0-7434-7750-2, 9780743477505, accessed December 12, 2009
  4. ^ MacFarquhar, Neil, "Muslim Groups Oppose a List of ‘Co-Conspirators’", The New York Times, August 16, 2007, accessed December 12, 2009
  5. ^ Muslims in America: A Short History, p. 121, Edward E. Curtis, Oxford University Press US, 2009, ISBN 0-19-536756-1, 9780195367560, accessed December 12, 2009
  6. ^ Mintz, John, and Farah, Douglas, "In Search Of Friends Among The Foes; U.S. Hopes to Work With Diverse Group", Washington Post, September 11, 2004, accessed December 12, 2009
  7. ^ North American Islamic Trust: About Us
  8. ^ Religion and politics: Islam and Muslim civilisation, pp. 100–01, Jan-Erik Lane, Hamadi Redissi, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2004, ISBN 0-7546-4167-8, 9780754641674, accessed December 12, 2009
  9. ^ Islam in Black America: identity, liberation, and difference in African-American Islamic thought, p. 120, Edward E. Curtis, SUNY Press, 2002, ISBN 0-7914-5370-7, 9780791453704, accessed December 12, 2009
  10. ^ Funding evil: how terrorism is financed-- and how to stop it, Rachel Ehrenfeld, Bonus Books, Inc., 2005, ISBN 1-56625-231-8, 9781566252317, accessed December 12, 2009
  11. ^ "Struggle for the Soul of Islam: Hard-liners won battle for Bridgeview mosque"
  12. ^ Infiltration: how Muslim spies and subversives have penetrated Washington, p. 338, Paul E. Sperry, Thomas Nelson Inc, 2005, ISBN 1-59555-003-8, 9781595550033, accessed December 12, 2009
  13. ^ King, Robert, "Local ties to Islamic school are intricate," St. Petersburg Times, March 16, 2003, accessed December 12, 2009
  14. ^ "Plea Agreement; U.S. v. Al-Arian". February 28, 2006. http://nefafoundation.org/miscellaneous/FeaturedDocs/U.S._v_Al-Arian_pleaagr.pdf. Retrieved March 8, 2010. 
  15. ^ MegLaughlin, In his plea deal, what did Sami Al-Arian admit to?, St. Petersberg Times, April 23, 2006.
  16. ^ "2 Albany Men Are Arrested in Plot to Import a Missile and Kill a Diplomat", The New York Times, August 6, 2004, accessed December 12, 2009
  17. ^ "Islamic Index Fund Puts Faith in Finances", Social Funds, September 8, 2000, accessed December 12, 2009
  18. ^ Murphy, H. Lee, "Having faith in the markets – and in a higher law," Crain's Chicago Business, November 20, 2000, accessed December 12, 2009
  19. ^ Philanthropy in America: a comprehensive historical encyclopedia, Volume 3, p. 283, Dwight Burlingame, ABC-CLIO, 2004, ISBN 1-57607-860-4, 9781576078600, accessed December 12, 2009
  20. ^ The North American Muslim resource guide: Muslim community life in the United States and Canada, ppl 65, 110, Mohamed Nimer, Taylor & Francis, 2002, ISBN 0-415-93728-0, 9780415937283, accessed December 12, 2009
  21. ^ Simpson, Glenn R., and Chozick, Amy, "Obama's Muslim-Outreach Adviser Resigns," The Wall Street Journal, August 5, 2008, accessed December 12, 2009
  22. ^ Gaffney, Jr., Frank J., "Obama's Islamist problem has nothing to do with his upbringing," Jewish World Review, August 18, 2008, accessed December 12, 2009
  23. ^ Downey, Sarah, Hirsh, Michael, "A Safe Haven? Focusing on a fundamentalist strain of Islam, investigators are searching American mosques for signs of support for terror. It's a delicate balancing act," Newsweek, September 30, 2002, accessed December 12, 2009
  24. ^ "A moderating mosque", The Boston Globe, October 15, 2004, accessed December 12, 2009
  25. ^ Hatred's kingdom: how Saudi Arabia supports the new global terrorism, pp. 148–49, Dore Gold, Regnery Publishing, 2004, ISBN 0-89526-061-1, 9780895260611, accessed December 12, 2009
  26. ^ Terrorism and organized hate crime: intelligence gathering, analysis, and investigations, pp. 216–17, Michael Ronczkowski, CRC Press, 2006, ISBN 0-8493-7829-X, 9780849378294, accessed December 12, 2009
  27. ^ Confronting terrorism financing, p. 40, American Foreign Policy Council, University Press of America, 2005, ISBN 0-7618-3066-9, 9780761830665, accessed December 12, 2009
  28. ^ "Dar Al-Hijrah Islamic Center, Home, About us, Constitution", accessed December 10, 2009
  29. ^ "War On Terror; Investigators Focusing on Fundamentalist Strain of Islam and Searching American Mosques for Signs of Support for Terror," Newsweek, September 22, 2002, accessed December 10, 2009
  30. ^ Mowbray, Joel, "Reign of the Radicals; One man fights to take back his mosque from Islamists," The Wall Street Journal, January 27, 2006, accessed December 12, 2009
  31. ^ Jacoby, Mary, and Brink, Graham, "Saudi form of Islam wars with moderates; Some Muslims say Wahhabism, the fundamentalist version of Islam practiced in Saudi Arabia, is intent on stamping out all other sects," St. Petersburg Times, March 11, 2003, accessed December 12, 2009
  32. ^ They Must Be Stopped: Why We Must Defeat Radical Islam and How We Can Do It, Brigitte Gabriel, Macmillan, 2008, ISBN 0-312-38363-0, 9780312383633, accessed December 12, 2009
  33. ^ Ghazali, Abdus Sattar, "Muslim Americans today", Al Ahram Weekly, September 20–26, 2007, accessed December 12, 2009
  34. ^ Stealth jihad: how radical Islam is subverting America without guns or bombs, pp. 22–23, 108, Robert Spencer, Regnery Publishing, 2008, ISBN 1-59698-556-9, 9781596985568, accessed December 12, 2009

External links


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Council on American-Islamic Relations — Formation June 1994 by Omar Ahmad, Nihad Awad, and Rafeeq Jaber Type Non profit NGO Purpose/focus Muslim civil rights …   Wikipedia

  • Islamic Center of Greater Austin — The Islamic Center of Greater Austin is a mosque in Austin, Texas in the United States. The Center was established in March 1977 as a non profit religious organization registered with the State of Texas and is affiliated with the Islamic Society… …   Wikipedia

  • Dow Jones Islamic Fund — The Dow Jones Islamic Fund (symbol: IMANX) invests in Shariah compliant companies, in response to the needs of Muslim investors, who not only want to have a financially rewarding investment, but a Shariah compatible one as well. Since its… …   Wikipedia

  • Islamic arts — Visual, literary, and performing arts of the populations that adopted Islam from the 7th century. Islamic visual arts are decorative, colourful, and, in religious art, nonrepresentational; the characteristic Islamic decoration is the arabesque.… …   Universalium

  • Islamic feminism — A symbol for Islamic Feminism …   Wikipedia

  • Islamic banking — Banking A series on Financial services …   Wikipedia

  • Islamic ethics — ( akhlāq ), defined as good character, historically took shape gradually from the 7th century and was finally established by the 11th century. Encyclopedia of Islam Online, Akhlaq ] It was eventually shaped as a successful amalgamation of the Qur …   Wikipedia

  • North South University — Seal of the North South University Motto Center of Excellence in Higher Education Established 1992 by Ragib Ali Type …   Wikipedia

  • Islamic economics in the world — This is a sub article of Islamic economic jurisprudence and Muslim world.Islamic economics in practice, or economic policies supported by self identified Islamic groups, has varied throughout its long history.Early Islamic economicsEarly reforms… …   Wikipedia

  • Islamic Golden Age — The Islamic Golden Age, also sometimes known as the Islamic Renaissance, [Joel L. Kraemer (1992), Humanism in the Renaissance of Islam , p. 1 148, Brill Publishers, ISBN 9004072594.] was traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”