- Oreochromis
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Oreochromis 
Oreochromis tanganicae Scientific classification Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Actinopterygii Order: Perciformes Family: Cichlidae Subfamily: Pseudocrenilabrinae Tribe: Tilapiini Genus: Oreochromis
Günther, 1889Type species Oreochromis hunteri
Günther, 1889Species Over 30 (but see text)
Oreochromis is a large genus of tilapiine cichlids, fishes endemic to Africa and the Middle East. Several species from this genus have been introduced far outside their native range, and are important in aquaculture. Members of this genus, as well as those of the genera Tilapia and Sarotherodon, share the common name "tilapia".
The genus contains more than 30 species, and numerous undescribed forms exist. Judging from mtDNA sequence analysis, there seem to be several clades. In addition, some species (such as Oreochromis urolepis and the Blue tilapia O. aureus) seem closer to Sarotherodon according to the mtDNA data. Research is hampered by the fact that hybridization runs rampant in these fishes, which confounds mtDNA data (see discussion at Wami tilapia), and that the fast speed of evolution makes choice of appropriate nuclear DNA sequences difficult.(Nagl et al. 2001)
Species
- Oreochromis amphimelas
- Oreochromis andersonii (Castelnau, 1861)[verification needed] – Three-spotted tilapia
- Oreochromis angolensis (Trewavas, 1973)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis aureus (Steindachner, 1864)[verification needed] – Blue tilapia
- Oreochromis chungruruensis
- Oreochromis esculentus – Singida tilapia
- Oreochromis hunteri – Lake Chala tilapia
- Oreochromis ismailiaensis Mekkawy, 1995[verification needed]
- Oreochromis jipe – Jipe tilapia
- Oreochromis karomo – Karomo
- Oreochromis karongae
- Oreochromis korogwe – Korogwe tilapia
- Oreochromis lepidurus (Boulenger, 1899)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis leucostictus
- Oreochromis lidole
- Oreochromis macrochir (Boulenger, 1912)[verification needed] – Longfin tilapia
- Oreochromis malagarasi Trewavas, 1983[verification needed]
- Oreochromis mortimeri (Trewavas, 1983)[verification needed] – Kariba tilapia
- Oreochromis mossambicus – Mozambique tilapia
- Oreochromis mweruensis
- Oreochromis niloticus – Nile tilapia
- Oreochromis pangani
- Oreochromis pangani girigan (Lowe, 1955)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis pangani pangani
- Oreochromis placidus (Trewavas, 1941)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis placidus placidus – Black tilapia
- Oreochromis placidus ruvumae (Trewavas, 1966)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis rukwaensis – Lake Rukwa tilapia
- Oreochromis saka (Lowe, 1953)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis salinicola (Poll, 1948)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis schwebischi (Sauvage, 1884)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis shiranus Boulenger, 1897[verification needed]
- Oreochromis shiranus chilwae (Trewavas, 1966)[verification needed] – Chilwa tilapia
- Oreochromis shiranus shiranus
- Oreochromis spilurus (Günther, 1894)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis spilurus niger Günther, 1894[verification needed] – Athi River tilapia
- Oreochromis spilurus percivali (Boulenger, 1912)[verification needed] – Buffalo Springs tilapia
- Oreochromis spilurus spilurus – Sabaki tilapia
- Oreochromis squamipinnis
- Oreochromis tanganicae
- Oreochromis upembae (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1964)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis urolepis (Norman, 1922)[verification needed]
- Oreochromis urolepis hornorum – Wami tilapia
- Oreochromis urolepis urolepis (Norman, 1922)[verification needed] – Rufigi tilapia
- Oreochromis variabilis – Victoria tilapia
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). Species of Oreochromis in FishBase. October 2006 version.
- Nagl, Sandra; Tichy, Herbert; Mayer, Werner E.; Samonte, Irene E.; McAndrew, Brendan J. & Klein, Jan (2001): Classification and Phylogenetic Relationships of African Tilapiine Fishes Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 20(3): 361–374. doi:10.1006/mpev.2001.0979
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