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Macaronesia
Macaronesia is a modern collective name for several groups of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean near Europe and North Africa belonging to three countries: Portugal, Spain, and Cape Verde. The name (which is often misspelt 'Macronesia') comes from the Greek for "fortunate islands" Μακάρων νῆσοι, a term used by Ancient Greek geographers for islands to the west of the Straits of Gibraltar.
Macaronesia consists of five archipelagos:
- Azores (Portugal)
- Canary Islands (Spain)
- Cape Verde (Cape Verde)
- Madeira, including Desertas Islands (Portugal)
- Savage Islands (Portugal), administratively part of the Madeira Autonomous Region
The islands of Macaronesia are volcanic in origin, and are thought to be the product of several geologic hotspots.
The climate of the Macaronesian islands ranges from subtropical to tropical. The Portuguese archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have a generally cooler climate and higher rainfall than the Canaries and Cape Verde.
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The Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus) is a pinniped belonging to the Phocidae family: at some 350-450 remaining individuals it is believed to be the world's rarest pinniped[1] and one of the most endangered mammals of the world[1].
It is present in parts of the Mediterranean Sea and the Eastern Atlantic Ocean waters around the Tropic of Cancer as well.
This species of monk seal grows from approximately 80 cm long at birth to an average of 2.40 m in adults. The latter weigh up to 320 kg, females being slightly smaller than males[1].
Pups are born in a black natal fur, often with a white patch beneath whose shape can be used to identify individuals for the rest of their lifes. The average lifespan of these animals is unknown, but is thought to be somewhere around 20-25 years; reproductive maturity is reached at around age four.
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