Nikolai Timkov

Nikolai Timkov
Nikolai Efimovich Timkov
Born August 12, 1912(1912-08-12)
Rostov-on-Don, Russian Empire
Died December 25, 1993(1993-12-25) (aged 81)
Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Nationality Russian
Field Painting
Training Repin Institute of Arts
Movement Realism
Awards Medal for the Defence of Leningrad, Medal For the Victory Over Germany

Nikolai Efimovich Timkov (Russian: Тимко́в Никола́й Ефи́мович; August 12, 1912, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Empire - December 25, 1993, Saint Petersburg, Russia) - Soviet Russian painter, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation),[1] lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting,[2] worldwide known for his landscape paintings.

Contents

Biography

Nikolai Efimovich Timkov was born August 12, 1912, at a settlement of Nakhichevanskaya Dacha close to Rostov-on-Don, Russian Empire. His parents, Efim Yegorovich Timkov and Vasilisa Timofeevna Ablyazova were peasants from the Saratov province. In 1892, they moved to Rostov-on-Don. A father worked as a general worker. The family had four older children. Parents died in 1924, when Nikolai was twelve years old. Care of him took the older sisters.

Wira village. 1956

In 1927 Nikolai Timkov graduated 8 classes of secondary school and enrolled in the Rostov Art College, which was headed by A. Chinenov, which was landscape painter, a pupil of Vasily Polenov and a big fan of Isaac Levitan. In 1930 Timkov graduated from Art College. In 1931 he went to Moscow, where he met with Pavel Radimov and other Moscow artists of AKhR Association (Association of Artists of the Revolution).

Timkov works in "Izogiz" edition as a general worker, then enrolls Association "Vsekohudozhnik" as artist-designer. At the same time he to educate ourselves in the Tretyakov Gallery and much working on plein air, using from time to time the benevolent advice Mikhail Nesterov and Sergey Malyutin. At the Radimov's apartment has been meeting of Nikolai Timkov and Isaak Brodsky, who has played a big role in the fate of the artist. After seeing his work, Brodsky advised Nikolai Timkov to go to Leningrad to continue his art education.

In 1933 Nikolai Timkov together with Alexander Laktionov arrives in Leningrad and entered the painting department of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture of the All-Russian Academy of Arts. He studied of Mikhail Bernshtein, Arcady Rylov, Alexander Lubimov, Vladimir Serov. In 1939 Nikolai Timkov graduated from the Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture in Isaak Brodsky workshop with the rank of artist of painting. His degree work was a painting titled "The Day off in suburb".[3] In one year with Timkov Institute graduates Piotr Belousov, Mikhail Kozell, Lev Orekhov, Aleksei Gritsai, Elena Skuin, Gleb Verner, Liya Ostrova, Boris Sherbakov, and other young artists who later became famous Soviet painters and art educators.

Academicheskaya Dacha. 1972

After graduation, Nikolai Timkov was called up for military service in the Baltic Fleet, which continues until 1946. During the Great Patriotic War and blockade Nikolai Timkov was among defenders of Leningrad. During a brief visits to the city he created a series of graphic works (gouache, watercolor), depicting the Siege of Leningrad (now in the collection of the State Russian Museum and the Museum of the History of Saint Petersburg). Timkov participated in all Exhibitions of the defenders of Leningrad, also in Exhibition titled "The Heroics of Soviet Front and Rear" in Moscow in Tretyakov Gallery in 1943, as well as creating the greatest during the war years Exhibition "The Heroic defense of Leningrad", opened in 1944 and marked the beginning of the Museum of Defense of Leningrad. Timkov was awarded the medals "For Defense of Leningrad", and "For Victory over Germany". In 1943 Nikolai Timkov has been accepted in members of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists.

His first part in Art exhibition refers to 1929 (Rostov on Don). In 1947 in the halls of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists has been opened the first solo exhibition of his works, as shown later in Leningrad at the Cinema House and the House of Arts. He painted landscapes, genre paintings, worked in watercolors and oil painting. Most famous as master of lyrical landscapes. Since the late of 1940's Nikolai Timkov become the constant participant of Leningrad, Republican, and All-Union Art Exhibition. Formation of his individual creative style proceeded gradually, as experience and lessons learned in the process of communicating with your colleagues and numerous creative travel to the Volga River and Don River, in Staraya Ladoga, the Urals, the work in Wira and Christmas village near Leningrad, on the Academicheskaya Dacha. Already as a mature master he visits Italy (1969), England (1974), France (1977), Yugoslavia (1981).

In the first post WWII decade Timkov style developed and improved in areas identified during the years of study. He was entirely under the influence of the Russian landscape painters 19 century. Real space in his works passed almost illusory precision, the colors muted. In landscapes of Don and Volga he tends to cover a larger space with the image of the set clearly legible plans that is in line with general trends in the genre of these years. Among the famous works of this period the painting "Harvest" (1950),[4] "Lights of Hydro Power Station", "Soon the harvest" (both 1951),[5] "Winter Landscape" (1952),[6] "Don River Distance" (1953), "Evening on the Don River", "At the Don River"[7] (both 1954), "Silent Fall. On the Don", "The Last Snow", "Towards Spring"[8] (all 1955), "Windy Day", "Evening"[9] (both 1956), "The ice moved",[10] "Evening on the Volga River"[11] (both 1957), and others.

The most interesting his etudes done from nature: "Landscape"[12] (1954), "Spring Landscape"[13] (1955), "The Wira village",[14] "A Winter" (both 1956), "White Night" (1957), "Last Ray", "Towards spring", "Young Aspen trees"[15] (all 1958), and others. In them Timkov often can be preserved impressions of the direct perception of nature. But the sketch in those years was considered only as auxiliary material for landscape painting, with its large size, an essential genre-narrative beginning with the careful selection and meticulous attention to detail and alignment of the composition. Not surprisingly, therefore, that at the solo exhibition of 1957 in the Leningrad Union of Artists, as later in Rostov on Don, Timkov appears as a gifted and serious professional, whose work is however still does not go beyond the tenets and practices that existed in the Soviet landscape painting of 1940-1950s.

However, much in his works has already drawn attention to themselves. This is a rare natural sense of color, sincere and resolute own voice in the selection of topics and reveal of the way. His painting becomes decorative, pattern and shapes becomes more generalized. The artist often resorted to building tracks around the large volumes and planes.

Russian Winter. Hoarfrost. 1969

Timkov not stop the quest for his identity until the last years of life, and are critical to the deal has been painted by him earlier. And yet his recognizable style artist gets to mid-1960s. This assures attentive acquaintance with the works of this period, shown in solo exhibitions of 1964 in Leningrad, Moscow, Yaroslavl, Krasnodar, Stavropol, Kislovodsk, Rostov-on-Don, Ordzhonikidze, Nalchik, and in 1975 in Leningrad. They traced the obvious development of the creative artist's manner from traditional plein air painting aside impressionistic enrichment and refinement of color, enhance decoration, styling and some conventions of the drawing.

Colourful range of his works in 1960 become extremely broad, its coloring a ringing and decorative, but not local, and subtly linked to relief, with the expressive possibilities of the canvas surface, texture, smear. In this period the spectacular talent of Nikolai Timkov fully disclosed in all kinds of creativity - from large landscape painting to nature studies of small forms. Among them paintings "A First Snow"[16] (1961), "On the Tesa River",[17] "Street in Kholui town",[18] "Autumn Cherry trees" (all 1962), "February azure"[19] (1963 ), "In the March"[20] (1965), "A Spring", "Autumn Gold", "Volkhov River. A Last Snow"[21] (all 1967), "Sunny Day", "Winter has come"[22] (both 1968), "Russian Winter. A Hoarfrost."[23] (1969), "April", "Mstino Lake"[24] (1971), "June Blue",[25] "A May. Bird cherry blossoms"[26] (both 1972), "In the Snow" (1973), "Danilov Monastery in the Pereslavl-Zaleski ancient town" (1974), "A Field under snow", "A February"[27] (both 1975), and others.

After a successful exhibition of 1975, Timkov continues to work actively in Valentinovka, as well as his Leningrad studio in a house on Pesochnaya Embankment, travels to the Crimea, the Black Sea coast of Caucasus, visited France and Yugoslavia. From now until the end of life the majority of works will be created by him in the village of Valentinovka and its surroundings near the Vyshny Volochyok town, Tver Province. Timkov works here every year from April–May to November, sometimes in winter. He painted banks of Msta River and Mstino lake, and nearby villages Kotchische, Great Gorodok, Small Gorodok, Podol, Kisharino, Terpigorevo. Among works painted by Timkov in these years were the "A First Snow", "An Autumn"[28] (both 1977), "Torzhok town", "Is Rain"[29] (both 1978), "Torzhok town. A Winter", "Winter Morning", "Summer Evening"[30] (all 1980), "A Spring"[31] (1982), "Twilight" (1983), "Crimea"[32] (1988), "Pereslavl-Zalesky town"[33] (1992), and a lot others.

In 1982 in Moscow in the halls of the Moscow House of Artists at the street of Kuznetsky Bridge successfully hosted an exhibition of works by Nikolai Timkov shown later both in the Air Force Academy after Yuri Gagarin and in Stars City. In 1987 Nikolai Timkov was awarded an honorable title of Honored Artist of Russian Federation. His last lifetime exhibition has been shown in 1993 in the halls of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists.

Nikolai Efimovich Timkov died on December 25, 1993 in Saint Petersburg at the eighty-second year of life. His paintings reside in State Russian Museum,[34] in Art museums and private collections in Russia,[35] France, England, Japan, in the U.S.,[36] and throughout the world.

In 1990s, after the death of the artist, his work has received recognition and aroused great interest abroad. He devoted two monographs published in the U.S.[37][38] Exhibitions of his works were held in San Francisco (1998, 2000, 2001), Aspen (1999), New York (1999, 2001), Scottsdale (2000), Palm Beach (2000), Vail (2001), Washington (2001) and other cities. This brought the artist fame and glory of the "Russian Impressionist". One of the first Soviet artists, and perhaps the first landscape painter, he was listed in the West as one of the biggest painter of the twentieth century. With the works of Nikolai Timkov for many Western art historians and art lovers began essentially a new discovery of Soviet-era art middle and second half of the twentieth century.

See also

  • Leningrad School of Painting
  • List of Russian artists
  • List of 20th century Russian painters
  • List of painters of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists
  • List of the Russian Landscape painters
  • Saint Petersburg Union of Artists

References

  1. ^ Directory of members of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1987. - p.130.
  2. ^ Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.- Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – pp.9, 15, 18-22, 24, 371, 384, 386-407, 441-443.
  3. ^ Anniversary Directory graduates of Saint Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, Russian Academy of Arts. 1915 - 2005. - Saint Petersburg: Pervotsvet Publishing House, 2007.- p.51.
  4. ^ Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1954. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Izogiz Edition, 1954. - p.19.
  5. ^ Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1951. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Lenizdat Edition, 1951. - p.20.
  6. ^ Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1953. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, 1953. - p.8.
  7. ^ Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1954. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Izogiz Edition, 1954. - p.19.
  8. ^ Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1955. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad Union of Artists, 1956. - p.18.
  9. ^ The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1956. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad artist, 1958. - p.24.
  10. ^ 1917 - 1957. Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1958. - p.32.
  11. ^ All-Union Art Exhibition of 1957 dedicated to the 40th Anniversary of October Revolution. Catalogue. - Moscow: Soviet artist, 1957. - p.78.
  12. ^ Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1954. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Izogiz Edition, 1954. - p.19.
  13. ^ Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1955. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad Union of Artists, 1956. - p.18.
  14. ^ Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.- Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – p.168-169.
  15. ^ The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1958. Catalogue. -Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1959. - p.27.
  16. ^ Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1961. Exhibition catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1964. -p.29.
  17. ^ Soviet Russia the Second Republic Exhibition of 1965. Exhibition catalogue. - Moscow: Soviet Artist, 1965. - p. 38.
  18. ^ Autumn Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1962. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: : Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1962. - p.26.
  19. ^ The Leningrad Fine Arts Exhibition. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1964. - p.55.
  20. ^ Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1965. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1970. - p.29.
  21. ^ The Soviet Russia the Third Republic Exhibition of 1967. Catalogue. - Moscow: Ministery of culture of the Russian Federation, 1967. - p.56.
  22. ^ The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1968. Catalogue. -Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1971. - p.12.
  23. ^ Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.- Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – p.40-41.
  24. ^ Our Contemporary. Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1971. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1972. - p.21.
  25. ^ Exhibition of works by Nikolai Efimovich Timkov. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1975. - p.9.
  26. ^ Across the Motherland Exhibition of Leningrad artists. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1974. - p.25.
  27. ^ The Soviet Russia the Fifth Republic Exhibition of 1975. Exhibition catalogue. - Moscow: Soviet Artist, 1975. - p.45.
  28. ^ Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists dedicated to the 60th Anniversary of October Revolution. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1982. - p.22.
  29. ^ Autumn Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1978. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1983. - p.16.
  30. ^ Regional Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1980. Exhibition catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1983. - p.24.
  31. ^ Link of Times: 1932 - 1997. Artists - Members of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists of Russia. Exhibition catalogue. - Saint Petersburg: Manezh Central Exhibition Hall, 1997. - p.299.
  32. ^ Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.- Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – p.111.
  33. ^ Saint-Petersbourg - Pont-Audemer. Dessins, Gravures, Sculptures et Tableaux du XX siecle du fonds de L' Union des Artistes de Saint-Petersbourg. - Pont-Audemer: 1994. - p.100.
  34. ^ Time for change. The Art of 1960-1985 in the Soviet Union. - Saint Petersburg: State Russian Museum, 2006. - p. 164.
  35. ^ Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.- Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – p.6-7.
  36. ^ Vern G. Swanson. Soviet Impressionism. - Woodbridge, England: Antique Collectors' Club, 2001. - p.29,47.
  37. ^ The Seasons of Timkov. Master Russian Impressionist. - The Pushkin Collection, 1998.
  38. ^ Akademichka. The Academic Dacha through the eyes of Nikolai Timkov. - The Pushkin Group and the Timkov Collection, 1999.

Gallery

Principal exhibitions

Bibliography

  • Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1951. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Lenizdat Edition, 1951. - p. 20.
  • Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1953. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, 1953. - p. 8.
  • Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1954. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Izogiz Edition, 1954. - p. 19.
  • Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1955. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad Union of Artists, 1956. - p. 18.
  • The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1956. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Leningrad artist, 1958. - p. 24.
  • 1917 - 1957. Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1958. - p. 32.
  • All-Union Art Exhibition of 1957 dedicated to the 40th Anniversary of October Revolution. Catalogue. - Moscow: Soviet artist, 1957. - p. 78.
  • The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1958. Catalogue. -Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1959. - p. 27.
  • Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1960. Exhibition catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1963. -p. 18.
  • Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1960. Exhibition catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1961. -p. 41-42.
  • Soviet Russia. Republican exhibition of 1960. Catalogue. - Moscow: Ministry of culture of Russian Federation, 1960. - p. 82.
  • Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1961. Exhibition catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1964. -p. 40.
  • Autumn Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1962. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: : Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1962. - p. 26.
  • The Leningrad Fine Arts Exhibition. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1964. - p. 55.
  • Spring Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1965. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1970. - p. 29.
  • The Soviet Russia the Second Republic Exhibition of 1965. Exhibition catalogue. - Moscow: Soviet Artist, 1965. - p. 38.
  • The Soviet Russia the Third Republic Exhibition of 1967. Catalogue. - Moscow: Ministry of culture of the Russian Federation, 1967. - p. 56.
  • The Fall Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1968. Catalogue. -Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1971. - p. 15.
  • Our Contemporary. Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1971. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1972. - p. 21.
  • Across the Motherland Exhibition of Leningrad artists. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1974. - p. 25.
  • Exhibition of works by Nikolai Efimovich Timkov. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1975.
  • Our Contemporary. Regional exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1975. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1980. - p. 26.
  • The Soviet Russia the Fifth Republic Exhibition of 1975. Exhibition catalogue. - Moscow: Soviet Artist, 1975. - p. 45.
  • The Fine Arts of Leningrad. Exhibition catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1976. - p. 32.
  • Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists dedicated to the 60th Anniversary of October Revolution. Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1982. - p. 22.
  • Autumn Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1978. Exhibition Catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1983. - p. 16.
  • Directory of members of the Union of Artists of USSR. Volume 2. - Moscow: Soviet artist, 1979. - p. 426.
  • Regional Exhibition of works by Leningrad artists of 1980. Exhibition catalogue. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1983. - p. 24.
  • Directory of members of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation. - Leningrad: Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1987. - p. 130.
  • Paintings of 1950-1980s by the Leningrad School's artists. Exhibition catalogue. - Saint Petersburg: Saint Petersburg Union of artists, 1994. - p. 6.
  • Etudes done from nature by the Leningrad School's artists. Exhibition catalogue - Saint Petersburg: Nikolai Nekrasov Memorial museum, 1994. - p. 6.
  • Saint-Petersbourg - Pont-Audemer. Dessins, Gravures, Sculptures et Tableaux du XX siecle du fonds de L' Union des Artistes de Saint-Petersbourg. - Pont-Audemer: 1994. - p. 96, 100, 105, 110.
  • Lyrical motives in the works of artists of the war generation. Painting, drawings. Exhibition catalogue. - Saint Petersburg: Nikolai Nekrasov Memorial museum, 1995. - p. 6.
  • Link of Times: 1932 - 1997. Artists - Members of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists of Russia. Exhibition catalogue. - Saint Petersburg: Manezh Central Exhibition Hall, 1997. - p. 299.
  • Matthew C. Bown. Dictionary of 20th Century Russian and Soviet Painters 1900-1980s. - London: Izomar, 1998. ISBN 0-9532061-0-6, ISBN 978-0-9532061-0-0.
  • The Seasons of Timkov. Master Russian Impressionist. - The Pushkin Collection, 1998.
  • Akademichka. The Academic Dacha through the eyes of Nikolai Timkov. - The Pushkin Group and the Timkov Collection, 1999.
  • Vern G. Swanson. Soviet Impressionism. - Woodbridge, England: Antique Collectors' Club, 2001. - p. 29,47. ISBN 1-85149-280-1, ISBN 978-1-85149-280-0.
  • Time for change. The Art of 1960-1985 in the Soviet Union. - Saint Petersburg: State Russian Museum, 2006. - p. 164.
  • Sergei V. Ivanov. Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School.- Saint Petersburg: NP-Print Edition, 2007. – pp. 9, 19-22, 24, 366, 389-396, 398-400, 402-406. ISBN 5-901724-21-6, ISBN 978-5-901724-21-7.
  • Anniversary Directory graduates of Saint Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, Russian Academy of Arts. 1915 - 2005. - Saint Petersburg: Pervotsvet Publishing House, 2007.- p. 51. ISBN 978-5-903677-01-6.
  • Irina Romanycheva. Academic Dacha. History and traditions. - Saint Petersburg: Petropol Publishing House, 2009. - pp. 16, 19, 57, 73-74, 124, 125.

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