- Nationalist Liberation Alliance
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Nationalist Liberation Alliance
Alianza Libertadora Nacionalista
Leader Juan Bautista Molina
Juan Queraltó
Guillermo Patricio KellyFounded 1943 Dissolved 1955 Preceded by Alliance of Nationalist Youth Succeeded by Civic Revolutionary Movement Ideology Nacionalismo,
Nazism (until 1954),
PeronismPolitical position Far-right The Nationalist Liberation Alliance (es: Alianza Libertadora Nacionalista, ALN) was an Argentine Nacionalista and Nazi political party founded by Jordán Bruno Genta in 1943.[1] It was a successor to the Alliance of Nationalist Youth led by Juan Bautista Molina who became the first leader of the party.[2] The party was violently anti-Semitic and took part in attacks on the Sephardic Shalom synagogue in Buenos Aires as well as painting anti-Semitic graffiti on walls of buildings.[3] Famous communist revolutionary Che Guevera assaulted a group of members of the party during a demonstration held by the ALN in 1943 where they were harassing pro-Allied students.[4]
History
During the 1946 Argentine elections, the ALN was the largest Nacionalista movement but only gained 25,000 votes in a few areas in which it fielded candidates.[5] This coincided with the election of Juan Perón as President of Argentina.[6] Following the 1946 election, ALN members attacked the headquarters of several liberal and leftist newspapers, including La Hora, the Communist Party newspaper, as well as attacking a bar in downtown Buenos Aires that was frequented by Spanish republican refugeees.[7]
In 1953, the ALN condemned the nationalist newspaper La Prensa for publishing too many articles by Jewish writers.[8] ALN leader Juan Queraltó was ousted from leadership of the party in 1953.[9] Queraltó was succeeded by Guillermo Patricio Kelly.[10] Kelly sought to distance the party from its anti-Semitic past and met with Israel's ambassador to Argentina, Dr. Arie Kubovy during which Kelly informed Dr. Kubovy that the ALN had forsworn anti-Semitism.[11] In 1954, anti-Semitism was dropped from the party.[12] Kelly was arrested after the anti-Perónist Revolución Libertadora of 1955 by Argentine authorities for having used a forged passport, but managed to escape and flee the country in 1957.
Party symbols
Congress of the Nationalist Liberation Alliance. The ALN symbol of the Andean Condor clutching a hammer and a feather is on the background wall.
The Nationalist Liberation Alliance used the Andean Condor as the symbol of the movement.[13] The Andean Condor is a national symbol of Argentina.[14]
References
- ^ Raanan Rein. Argentine Jews or Jewish Argentines?: Essays on Ethnicity, Identity, and Diaspora. Leiden, the Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV, 2010. Pp. 219.
- ^ United States State Deparment. Blue book on Argentina: consultation among the American republics with respect to the Argentine situation. Greenburg, 1946. Pp. 22.
- ^ Raanan Rein. Argentine Jews or Jewish Argentines?: Essays on Ethnicity, Identity, and Diaspora. Leiden, the Netherlands: Koninklijke Brill NV, 2010. Pp. 219.
- ^ Jon Lee Anderson. Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life. Revised text copyright edition. New York, New York, USA: Publishers Group West, 2010. Pp. 34.
- ^ David Rock. Authoritarian Argentina: The Nationalist Movement, Its History and Its Impact. Paperback Edition. Berkley and Los Angeles, California, USA: University of California Press, 1995. Pp. 164.
- ^ David Rock. Authoritarian Argentina: The Nationalist Movement, Its History and Its Impact. Paperback Edition. Berkley and Los Angeles, California, USA: University of California Press, 1995. Pp. 164.
- ^ David Rock. Authoritarian Argentina: The Nationalist Movement, Its History and Its Impact. Paperback Edition. Berkley and Los Angeles, California, USA: University of California Press, 1995. Pp. 164.
- ^ Institute of Jewish Affairs. Patterns of prejudice , Volumes 6-8; Volume 6. Institute of Jewish Affairs, 1972. Pp. 95.
- ^ Raanan Rein. Argentina, Israel, and the Jews: Perón, the Eichmann capture and after. University Press of Maryland, 2003. Pp. 68.
- ^ Alberto Ciria. Partidos y poder en la Argentina moderna (1930-1946). English translation. Albany, New York, USA: State University of New York, 1974. Pp. 68.
- ^ Benno Varon. Professions of a lucky Jew. Cranbury, New Jersey, USA; London, England, UK; Mississauga, Ontario, Canada: Cornwall Books, 1992. Pp. 206.
- ^ Raanan Rein. Argentina, Israel, and the Jews: Perón, the Eichmann capture and after. University Press of Maryland, 2003. Pp. 68.
- ^ Jon Lee Anderson. Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life. Revised text copyright edition. New York, New York, USA: Publishers Group West, 2010. Pp. 34.
- ^ Sujatha Menon. Mountain Creatures. New York, New York, USA: Rosen Publishing Group, Inc, 2008. Pp. 37.
Categories:- Nazi parties
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