NLRX1

NLR family member X1
Identifiers
Symbols	NLRX1; CLR11.3; DLNB26; FLJ21478; MGC131937; MGC21025; NOD26; NOD5; NOD9
External IDs	OMIM: 611947 MGI: 2429611 HomoloGene: 11623 GeneCards: NLRX1 Gene
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nucleotide binding • ATP binding Cellular component • mitochondrion • mitochondrial outer membrane • membrane Biological process • negative regulation of type I interferon production • interspecies interaction between organisms • innate immune response Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	79671	270151
Ensembl	ENSG00000160703	ENSMUSG00000032109
UniProt	Q86UT6	Q3TL44
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_024618.2	NM_178420
RefSeq (protein)	NP_078894.2	NP_848507
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 119.04 – 119.05 Mb	Chr 9: 44.06 – 44.08 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

NLRX1 or NLR family member X1, short for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat containing X1, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. It is also known as NOD-like receptor X1, NLR family, X1, NOD5, NOD9, and CLR11.3, and is a member of the NOD-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors. NLRX1 affects innate immunity to viruses by interfering with the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS)/retinoic-acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) mitochondrial antiviral pathway.^[1]

NLRX1 has a unique protein structure composed of 3 protein domains: an N-terminal effector domain containing a mitochondrion localization signal; a central NACHT domain; a C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain.^[2]

In humans, the NLRX1 protein is encoded by the NLRX1 gene.^[3][4]

References

1. ^ O'Neill LA (April 2008). "Innate immunity: squelching anti-viral signalling with NLRX1". Curr. Biol. 18 (7): R302–4. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.02.021. PMID 18397740. 
2. ^ Meylan E, Tschopp J (March 2008). "NLRX1: friend or foe?". EMBO Rep. 9 (3): 243–5. doi:10.1038/embor.2008.23. PMC 2267384. PMID 18311173. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2267384. 
3. ^ "Entrez Gene: NLR family member X1". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=79671. 
4. ^ Inohara N, Nuñez G (May 2003). "NODs: intracellular proteins involved in inflammation and apoptosis". Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3 (5): 371–82. doi:10.1038/nri1086. PMID 12766759. 

Further reading

• Moore CB, Bergstralh DT, Duncan JA, et al. (2008). "NLRX1 is a regulator of mitochondrial antiviral immunity.". Nature 451 (7178): 573–7. doi:10.1038/nature06501. PMID 18200010. 
• Tattoli I, Carneiro LA, Jéhanno M, et al. (2008). "NLRX1 is a mitochondrial NOD-like receptor that amplifies NF-kappaB and JNK pathways by inducing reactive oxygen species production.". EMBO Rep. 9 (3): 293–300. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401161. PMC 2267388. PMID 18219313. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2267388. 
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039. 
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides.". Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298. 
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2002). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241. 
• Arnoult D, Soares F, Tattoli I, et al. (2009). "An N-terminal addressing sequence targets NLRX1 to the mitochondrial matrix.". J. Cell. Sci. 122 (Pt 17): 3161–8. doi:10.1242/jcs.051193. PMC 2871076. PMID 19692591. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2871076. 
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library.". Gene 200 (1-2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.