Mohammad Ayub Khan

For other uses see Ayub Khan (disambiguation).

Amir Ayub Khan
Emir of Afghanistan
Ghazi Mohammad Ayub Khan
Reign	October 12, 1879 - May 31, 1880
Full name	Mohammad Ayub Khan
Titles	National Hero of Afghanistan, Sardar, General, Ghazi, Mujahid
Born	1857
Birthplace	Kabul, Afghanistan
Died	April 7, 1914
Place of death	Lahore, present-day Pakistan
Buried	Peshawar, 1914
Predecessor	Mohammad Yaqub Khan
Successor	Abdur Rahman Khan
Dynasty	Barakzai dynasty
Father	Sher Ali Khan
Mother	Momand

Ghazi Mohammad Ayub Khan (Pashto: غازي محمد ايوب خان) (Kabul 1857 - April 7, 1914 in Lahore) was also known as The Victor of Maiwand or The Afghan Prince Charlie and was, for a while, the governor of Herat Province in Afghanistan. He was Emir of Afghanistan from October 12, 1879 to May 31, 1880^[1][2] and was also the leader of Afghans in the Second Anglo-Afghan War. He is today remembered as National Hero of Afghanistan and is buried in Peshawar.

Early life

His father was Sher Ali Khan and his mother was the daughter of an influential Mohmand chief of Lalpura, Saadat Khan.

Second Anglo-Afghan war

On July 27, 1880, with the help of Malalai of Maiwand he defeated the British Army of George Burrows at the Battle of Maiwand. This was the biggest defeat for the Anglo-Indian army in the second Anglo-Afghan war. He went on to besiege the British forces at Kandahar but did not succeed. On September 1, 1880, he was defeated and routed by General Frederick Roberts at the Battle of Kandahar, which saw the end of the Second Anglo-Afghan War.

After second Anglo-Afghan war

A year later Ayub again tried to take Kandahar, this time from Amir Abdur Rahman Khan but again failed.

"Ayub Khan had an opportunity of realizing his strength as an independent ruler in Afganistan [sic]. Certain tribes in Kushk district having revolted, he desired to send a force from Herat to punish them; but when he asked his men to march they refused, because he had not paid them for a long time." From The Twillingate Sun, Thursday, February 3, 1881.

In 1888 Ayub Khan left Persia (now Iran), where he had escaped to, and became a pensioner in British India until his death in 1914.

Death and legacy

He is today remembered as National Hero of Afghanistan and his body was interred near the shrine of Sheikh Habib at Durrani graveyard in Peshawar. His mausoleum was unfortunately vandalized and his tomb tablet stolen. Efforts are being made by one of his family members, Asim Khan Effendi to reconstruct and restore the monument in consultation with cultural conversationalist of International repute Hameed Haroon and leading Architect Mujeeb Khan.

Sardar Hissam Mahmud el-Effendi

One of his grandsons namely Brigadier Sardar Hissam Mahmud el-Effendi was later a Brigadier General in the Pakistan Army, commanding a division in the 1965 War. Effendi also raised the Pakistani border police "Rangers" and served as its first Director General, besides being an avid polo player.^{[citation needed]}

References

1. ^ Hamid. "Afghanistan Monarchs". afghanistantourism.net. http://www.afghanistantourism.net/215/afghanistan-history/afghanistan-monarchs/. Retrieved 2011-07-14. 
2. ^ Wahid Momand. "Leaders". Afghanland.com. http://afghanland.com/history/leaders/leaders.html. Retrieved 2011-07-14. 

External links

• Relic hunters rob gravestone of Sardar Ayub Khan (The News, 7th June 2010)
• Relics stolen from graveyard still untraced (The News, 10th June 2010)
• Here lies the Victor of Maiwand by Dr. Ali Jan
•  Chisholm, Hugh, ed (1911). "Ayub Khan". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

Preceded by Yaqub Khan

Emir of Afghanistan 1879 - 1880

Succeeded by Abdur Rahman Khan