Oakley Training School

Oakley
—  Unincorporated community  —
Oakley Training School
Oakley Location within the state of Mississippi
Coordinates: 32°13′04″N 90°30′11″W / 32.21778°N 90.50306°W / 32.21778; -90.50306Coordinates: 32°13′04″N 90°30′11″W / 32.21778°N 90.50306°W / 32.21778; -90.50306
Country	United States
State	Mississippi
County	Hinds
Elevation	197 ft (60 m)
Time zone	Central (CST) (UTC-6)
– Summer (DST)	CDT (UTC-5)
ZIP codes	39154
Area code(s)	601
FIPS code
GNIS feature ID	675128[1]
Website	mdhs.state.ms.us/dys_instit.html

The Oakley Training School (OTS) is a juvenile correctional facility of the Mississippi Department of Human Services located in unincorporated Hinds County, Mississippi, near Raymond.^[2] It is Mississippi's sole juvenile correctional facility for children adjudicated into the juvenile correctional system.

Oakley has a capacity of 150 students.^[3] Oakley Training School, also known as the Mississippi Youth Correctional Complex (MYCC), is located on a 1,068-acre (432 ha) plot of land surrounded by agricultural fields; the State of Mississippi states that the complex is about a 30 minute commute from Jackson.^[4] Grantier Architecture designed a 6,598 square feet (613.0 m²) building of the school.^[5]

History

Originally Oakley was the Oakley Farm, a prison for women in the State of Mississippi prison system. In 1894 the State of Mississippi purchased a 2,725-acre (1,103 ha) property that became the Oakley Farm, and the state housed all women in the Mississippi penal system in Oakley.^[6] A limestone crushing plant opened at Oakley; it became a financial failure.^[7] Oakley did not have very good soil, so its farming operations did not do very well. Early in the 20th century the women at Oakley were moved to the Mississippi State Penitentiary (Parchman) in Sunflower County, Mississippi. The Mississippi state prison hospital remained at Oakley. On July 21, 1913 a fire swept through the Oakley Prison Farm and killed 35 black prisoners. In 1925, after two white prison camps in the Mississippi penal system faced overcrowding, the state of Mississippi moved 75 white prisoners between the ages of 14 and 21 to the Oakley facility, turning it into a juvenile correctional facility. William B. Taylor and Tyler H. Fletcher, authors of "Profits from convict labor: Reality or myth observations in Mississippi: 1907–1934," said that Oakley was "a large and unjustifiable financial drain" until its repurposing as a juvenile facility; they said that Oakley was "a financial drain, though perhaps a more justifiable one."^[8]

Later Oakley became the Negro Juvenile Reformatory and the Black Juvenile Reformatory School.^[9][10] Before desegregation Oakley housed Black children of both sexes, while the Columbia Training School housed White children of both sexes; the desegregation plan around the 1970s required the state to house male children 15 and older of all races at Oakley, while males 14 and under and females were housed at Columbia.^[11]

In 1999 DYS spent $1,289,700 of U.S. Department of Justice grant money to build a 15 bed maximum security unit for girls at Oakley.^[12] Around 2008 the Mississippi Youth Justice Project advocated for the closure of Oakley.^[13] Officials from the school responded, saying that the school had made improvements since past scandals.^[14]

Facilities

A post office opened at what is now the Oakley Training School in 1837.^[15]

References

1. ^ "Oakley, Mississippi". Geographic Names Information System, U.S. Geological Survey. http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:675128. 
2. ^ "Division of Youth Services." Mississippi Department of Human Services. Retrieved on July 1, 2010. "2375 Oakley Road | Raymond, MS 39154."
3. ^ "Institutional Programs and Services." Mississippi Department of Human Services. Retrieved on July 21, 2010.
4. ^ "CRIPA Investigation of Oakley and Columbia Training Schools in Raymond and Columbia, Mississippi." United States Department of Justice. June 19, 2003. 2 (2/48). Retrieved on July 21, 2010.
5. ^ "Oakley Training School." Grantier Architecture. Retrieved on July 21, 2010.
6. ^ Taylor, William B. and Tyler H. Fletcher. "Profits from convict labor: Reality or myth observations in Mississippi: 1907–1934 ." Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. Volume 5, No. 1. Page 30 (1/9). Retrieved on October 31, 2010.
7. ^ Taylor, William B. and Tyler H. Fletcher. "Profits from convict labor: Reality or myth observations in Mississippi: 1907–1934 ." Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. Volume 5, No. 1. Page 31 (2/9). Retrieved on October 31, 2010.
8. ^ Taylor, William B. and Tyler H. Fletcher. "Profits from convict labor: Reality or myth observations in Mississippi: 1907–1934." Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology. Volume 5, No. 1. Page 32 (3/9). Retrieved on October 31, 2010.
9. ^ Underwood, Felix J. "Departments of Education and Public Health Working Together." American Journal of Public Health. Volume 44, May 1954. 526 (6/29). "and the Negro Juvenile Reformatory, Oakley, Miss."
10. ^ "Mississippi's African-American Authors." Mississippi State University. August 25, 2004. Retrieved on August 23, 2010.
11. ^ "426 F. 2d 269 - Montgomery v. Oakley Training School." United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit. May 6, 1970. Retrieved on August 9, 2010. "There are two juvenile reform schools in Mississippi: Oakley Training School, which was all-black and Columbia Training School, which was all-white. Both schools accommodated both boys and girls. The two schools are 125 miles apart. Children are assigned to the schools by the state's juvenile judges."
12. ^ "Mississippi Department of Corrections receives $2.8 million grant from U.S. Department of Justice." Mississippi Department of Corrections. December 13, 2001. Retrieved on January 25, 2011.
13. ^ Mott, Ronni. "Oakley Training School: A 'Bad Model'." Jackson Free Press. November 26, 2008. Retrieved on August 9, 2010.
14. ^ "Administrator defends Oakley Training School." WLBT. November 20, 2008. Modified on December 2, 2008. Retrieved on August 9, 2010.
15. ^ "Feature Detail Report for: Oakley Post Office (historical)." U.S. Geographic Survey. Retrieved on September 26, 2011.

External links

	Mississippi portal
	Criminal justice portal

• Division of Youth Services." - Mississippi Department of Human Services.