- Gazi Hüseyin Pasha
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Ghazi Husain Pasha or Deli Husain Pasha (Turkish: Gazi Hüseyin Paşa, Gazi Deli Hüseyin Paşa, and Baltaoğlu Hüseyin Paşa) was an Ottoman military officer and stateman. He was Kapudan Pasha in the 1630s and briefly Grand Vizier in the late 1650s.
Contents
Early years
Hüseyin was of Turkish origin[1] and was born in Yenişehir near Bursa in north west Anatolia. But other than that, nothing is known about his early days in İstanbul, the Ottoman capital. During the reign of Murat IV, he was a member of palace staff. The shah of Iran had sent Murat IV a prestigious gift, a bow which was reputed as being undrawable. Hüseyin attracted attention when he easily drew the bow. After winning sultan's appreciation, he was promoted to various posts: chief stable man, governor of Silistria in modern Bulgaria, beylerbey (high governor) of Egypt, beylerbey of Anatolia, Kapudan Pasha, etc. He participated in campaigns around Baghdad in modern Iraq and Yerevan in modern Armenia. During the reign of Ibrahim I, he worked in various European provinces as a governor and in 1646 he became the governor of Chania.
In Crete
Main article: Cretan War (1645-1669)Conquest of the Aegean island Crete from Venice was uncharacteristically trying for Ottoman Empire. While Ottoman Empire was living in stagnation, the military and naval technology of the Europeans was on the rise. Although Chania, a major Cretan city, had been captured in 1645, the rest of the island especially Heraklion was able to resist Ottomans. Ottoman Empire was unable to send reinforcements to Crete; because the strait of Dardanelles (Çanakkale) was blocked by the Venetian navy. (See Cretan War (1645–1669))
Thus, the Ottoman army in Crete was almost locked. Even under these circumstances, Hüseyin captured several forts including Rethymno[2] and laid a siege to Heraklion. He was not only a man of war, he also reconstructed many buildings and the fort of Chania. Sultan Mehmet IV promoted him to be the grand vizier on 28 February 1656.[3]
However he never exercised the post. Long before Huseyin's return to Istanbul, the sultan changed his mind and appointed Hüseyin's rival Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha as Grand Vizier on 6 March 1656. (Interestingly enough, Zurnazen's term was even shorter than that of Hüseyin.)
Later years
Hüseyin was assigned to be the beylerbey of Rumeli, a post inferior to that of grand vizier, but superior to the beylerbeys of the other provinces. Nevertheless the new grand vizier Köprülü Mehmet Pasha was afraid of Hüseyin's prestige.[4] He called Hüseyin to İstanbul and persuaded the sultan to jail and later to execute Hüseyin in 1659.
References
- ^ İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971, p. 41. (Turkish)
- ^ Joseph von Hammer:Osmanlı Tarihi cilt II (condensation: Abdülkadir Karahan), Milliyet yayınları, İstanbul. p 238
- ^ Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi Cilt III, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 p 139-145
- ^ Mevlüt Uluğtekin Yılmaz: Osmanlı'nın Arka Bahçesi, MUY Yayınları, Ankara, ISBN 975-94405-0-4 pp 162-164
Preceded by
Ermeni Süleyman PashaGrand Vizier
28 February 1656 - 5 March 1656Succeeded by
Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha
Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire 
Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire – Rise (1299–1453) Hacıkemaleddinoğlu Alaeddin Pasha (1320–1331) · Mahmudoğlu Nizamüddin Ahmed Pasha (1331–1348) · Hacı Pasha (1348–1349) · Sinanüddin Fakih Yusuf Pasha (1349–1364) · Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha (1364–1387) · Çandarlı Ali Pasha (1387–1406) · Osmancıklı Imamzade Halil Pasha (1406–1413) · Amasyalı Bayezid Pasha (1413–1421) · Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha (1421–1429) · Osmancıklı Koca Mehmed Nizamüddin Pasha (1429–1439) · Çandarlı Halil Pasha (1439–1453)
Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire – Growth (1453–1606) Zagan Pasha (1453–1456) • Veli Mahmud Pasha (1456–1466) • Rum Mehmed Pasha (1466–1469) • Ishak Pasha (1469–1472) • Veli Mahmud Pasha (1472–1474) • Gedik Ahmed Pasha (1474–1477) • Karamani Mehmed Pasha (1477–1481) • Ishak Pasha (1481–1482) • Davud Pasha (1482–1497) • Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha (1497–1498) • Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha (2nd) (1498–1499) • Mesih Pasha (1499–1501) • Hadim Ali Pasha (1501–1503) • Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha (1503–1506) • Hadim Ali Pasha (1509–1511) • Koca Mustafa Pasha (1511–1512) • Dukakinzade Ahmed Pasha (1512–1515) • Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha (1515–1516) • Hadim Sinan Pasha (1516–1517) • Yunus Pasha (1517) • Piri Mehmed Pasha (1517) • Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha (1523–1536) • Ayas Mehmed Pasha (1536–1539) • Lûtfi Pasha (1539–1541) • Hadim Suleiman Pasha (1541–1544) • Rüstem Pasha (1544–1553) • Kara Ahmed Pasha (1553–1555) • Rüstem Pasha (1555–1561) • Semiz Ali Pasha (1561–1565) • Sokollu Mehmed Pasha (1565–1579) • Şemsi Pasha (1579–1580) • Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha (1580) • Koca Sinan Pasha (1580–1582) • Siyavush Pasha (1582–1584) • Özdemiroğlu Osman Pasha (1584–1585) • Hadim Mesih Pasha (1585–1586) • Siyavush Pasha (1586–1589) • Koca Sinan Pasha (1589–1591) • Ferhad Pasha (1591–1592) • Siyavush Pasha (1592–1593) • Koca Sinan Pasha (1593–1595) • Ferhad Pasha (1595) • Lala Mehmed Pasha (1595) • Koca Sinan Pasha (1595–1596) • Damat Ibrahim Pasha (1596) • Cigalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha (1596) • Damat Ibrahim Pasha (1596–1597) • Hadim Hasan Pasha (1597–1598) • Cerrah Mehmed Pasha (1598–1599) • Damat Ibrahim Pasha (1599–1601) • Yemişçi Hasan Pasha (1601–1603) • Yavuz Ali Pasha (1603–1604) • Sokolluzade Lala Mehmed Pasha (1604–1606)Dervish Mehmed Pasha (1606) • Kuyucu Murad Pasha (1606–1611) • Nasuh Pasha (1611–1614) • Kara Mehmed Pasha (1614–1616) • Damat Halil Pasha (1616–1619) • Kara Mehmed Pasha (1619–1619) • Güzelce Ali Pasha (1619–1621) • Ohrili Hüseyin Pasha (1621) • Dilaver Pasha (1621–1622) • Kara Davud Pasha (1622) • Mere Hüseyin Pasha (1622) • Lefkeli Mustafa Pasha (1622) • Gürcü Hadim Mehmed Pasha (1622–1623) • Mere Hüseyin Pasha (1623) • Kemankeş Kara Ali Pasha (1623–1624) • Çerkes Mehmed Pasha (1624–1625) • Filibeli Hafız Ahmed Pasha (1625–1626) • Damat Halil Pasha (1626–1628) • Gazi Ekrem Hüsrev Pasha (1628–1631) • Hafiz Ahmed Pasha (1631–1632) • Topal Recep Pasha (1632) • Tabanıyassı Mehmed Pasha (1632–1637) • Bayram Pasha (1637–1638) • Tayyar Mehmed Pasha (1638) • Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha (1638–1644) • Civankapıcıbaşı Sultanzade Semiz Mehmed Pasha (1644–1645) • Nevesinli Salih Pasha (1645–1647) • Kara Musa Pasha (1647) • Hezarpare Ahmed Pasha (1647–1648) • Mevlevi Mehmed Pasha (1648–1649) • Kara Dev Murad Pasha (1649–1650) • Melek Ahmed Pasha (1650–1651) • Siyavush Pasha (1651) • Gürcü Mehmed Pasha (1651–1652) • Tarhoncu Ahmed Pasha (1652–1653) • Bıyıklı Koca Derviş Mehmed Pasha (1653–1654) • Ipşiri Mustafa Pasha (1654–1655) • Kara Dev Murad Pasha (1655) • Ermeni Süleyman Pasha (1655) • Gazi Hüseyin Pasha (1656) • Zurnazen Mustafa Pasha (1656) • Siyavush Pasha (1656) • Boynuyaralı Mehmed Pasha (1656) • Köprülü Mehmed Pasha (1656–1661) • Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha (1661–1676) • Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha (1676–1683) ) • Bayburtlu Kara Ibrahim Pasha (1683–1685) • Sarı Süleyman Pasha (1685–1687) • Abaza Siyavuş Pasha (1687–1688) • Ayaşlı İsmail Pasha (1688) • Tekirdağlı Bekri Mustafa Pasha (1688–1689) • Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha (1689–1691) • Bahadırzade Arabacı Ali Pasha (1691–1692) • Merzifonlu Çalık Hacı Ali Pasha (1692–1693) • Bozoklu (Bıyıklı) Mustafa Pasha (1694) • Sürmeli Ali Pasha (1694–1695) • Elmas Mehmed Pasha (1695–1697) • Köprülü Amcazade Hacı Hüseyin Pasha (1697–1702)
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Seamen of the Ottoman EmpireKapudan Pashas Zagan Pasha · Veli Mahmud Pasha · Gedik Ahmed Pasha · Mesih Pasha · Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha · Süleyman Pasha · Barbaros Hayreddin Pasha · Sokollu Mehmed Pasha · Sinan Pasha · Piyale Pasha · Müezzinzade Ali Pasha · Kılıç Ali Pasha · Cigalazade Yusuf Sinan Pasha · Kemankeş Mustafa Pasha · Gazi Hüseyin Pasha · Kara Musa Pasha · Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha · Mezzo Morto Hüseyin Pasha · Baltaci Mehmed Pasha · Koca Bekir Pasha · Cezayirli Gazi Hasan Pasha · Koca Mehmet Husrev PashaOther important seamen Kemal Reis · Piri Reis · Aydın Reis · Turgut Reis · Kurtoğlu Muslihiddin Reis · Salih Reis · Seydi Ali Reis · Murat Reis · Kurtoğlu Hızır ReisCategories:- Pashas
- 17th-century Ottoman grand viziers
- 1659 deaths
- Ottoman Turks
- Ottoman Crete
- Executed Ottoman people
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