Halil Rıfat Pasha

Halil Rıfat Pasha

Halil Rıfat Pasha (1820-1901), was a Turkish statesman and a grand vizier for six years between 1895 till his death 1901, under the reign of Abdülhamid II.

Education

He received education in an islamic type parish school in Thessaloniki, then he was continued to Mekteb-i Mülkiye in İstanbul.

Life and career

After his education years, he was started to work as a mailing clerk in Vidin, then he advanced by degrees and appointed to higher official positions by passage of time. In 1882 he was appointed as mutasarrıf of Vidin, then he was appointed as governor of Sivas, İzmir (1885) and Manastır (1887) . He was appointed as minister of internal affairs in 1893 . Then he was appointed as grand vizier in 1895 . The most important events in his era as grand vizier were the riots of Sason (in 1895) and in Crete (in 1897), as well as the Greco-Turkish War of 1897 which ended with Ottoman victory.

ee also

* List of Ottoman Grand Viziers
* Hamidian massacres

External links

* [http://www.biriz.biz/osmanli/p34.htm Abdulhamid II Era]
* [http://www.beyan.com.tr/arsiv/1999/sayi9/kulturmedeniyet.htm Halil Rifat Pasha as the minister of internal affairs]
* [http://www.history.hacettepe.edu.tr/tezler.htm An educational website that contains information about Halil Rifat Pasha]
* [http://www.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/edergi/makale/638.pdf Halil Rifat Paşa (biography in Turkish in pdf format - abstract also in English)] Sivas Cumhuriyet University


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