dUTP diphosphatase

dUTP diphosphatase
dUTP diphosphatase
Identifiers
EC number 3.6.1.23
CAS number 37289-34-2
Databases
IntEnz IntEnz view
BRENDA BRENDA entry
ExPASy NiceZyme view
KEGG KEGG entry
MetaCyc metabolic pathway
PRIAM profile
PDB structures RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology AmiGO / EGO
dUTPase
PDB 1f7o EBI.jpg
crystal structures of feline immunodeficiency virus dutp pyrophosphatase and its nucleotide complexes in three crystal forms.
Identifiers
Symbol dUTPase
Pfam PF00692
Pfam clan CL0153
InterPro IPR008180
SCOP 1dup
dUTPase_2
PDB 1w2y EBI.jpg
the crystal structure of a complex of campylobacter jejuni dutpase with substrate analogue dupnhp
Identifiers
Symbol dUTPase_2
Pfam PF08761
Pfam clan CL0231
InterPro IPR014871
SCOP 1w2y

In enzymology, a dUTP diphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

dUTP + H2O \rightleftharpoons dUMP + diphosphate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are dUTP and H2O, whereas its two products are dUMP and diphosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides in phosphorus-containing anhydrides. The systematic name of this enzyme class is dUTP nucleotidohydrolase. Other names in common use include deoxyuridine-triphosphatase, dUTPase, dUTP pyrophosphatase, desoxyuridine 5'-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase, and desoxyuridine 5'-triphosphatase. This enzyme participates in pyrimidine metabolism.

The main function of this enzyme is to remove dUTP from the deoxynucleotide pool, which reduces the probability of this base being mistakenly incorporated into DNA by DNA polymerases, which is a cause of mutations.[1]

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 48 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1DUC, 1DUD, 1DUN, 1DUP, 1DUT, 1EU5, 1EUW, 1F7D, 1F7K, 1F7N, 1F7O, 1F7P, 1F7Q, 1F7R, 1MQ7, 1OGH, 1OGK, 1OGL, 1PKH, 1PKJ, 1PKK, 1RN8, 1RNJ, 1SEH, 1SIX, 1SJN, 1SLH, 1SM8, 1SMC, 1SNF, 1SYL, 1VYQ, 1W2Y, 2BSY, 2BT1, 2CJE, 2D4L, 2D4M, 2D4N, 2HQU, 2HR6, 2HRM, 2OKB, 2OKD, 2OKE, 2OL0, 2OL1, and 2PY4.

There are at least two structurally distinct families of dUTPases. The crystal structure of human dUTPase reveals that each subunit of the dUTPase trimer folds into an eight-stranded jelly-roll beta barrel, with the C-terminal beta strands interchanged among the subunits. The structure is similar to that of the Escherichia coli enzyme, despite low sequence homology between the two enzymes.[2]

The second family has a novel all-alpha fold, members of this family are unrelated to the all-beta fold found in dUTPases of the majority of organisms.[3]

References

  1. ^ Vassylyev DG, Morikawa K (1996). "Precluding uracil from DNA". Structure 4 (12): 1381–5. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(96)00145-1. PMID 8994964. 
  2. ^ Mol CD, Harris JM, McIntosh EM, Tainer JA (September 1996). "Human dUTP pyrophosphatase: uracil recognition by a beta hairpin and active sites formed by three separate subunits". Structure 4 (9): 1077–92. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(96)00114-1. PMID 8805593. 
  3. ^ Moroz, O. V.; Harkiolaki, M.; Galperin, M. Y.; Vagin, A. A.; González-Pacanowska, D.; Wilson, K. S. (2004). "The Crystal Structure of a Complex of Campylobacter jejuni dUTPase with Substrate Analogue Sheds Light on the Mechanism and Suggests the "Basic Module" for Dimeric d(C/U)TPases". Journal of Molecular Biology 342 (5): 1583–1597. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2004.07.050. PMID 15364583.  edit

Further reading

This article includes text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR008180

This article includes text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR014871


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