Nitramide

Nitramide
Nitramide
Identifiers
CAS number 7782-94-7
PubChem 24534
ChemSpider 22941 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:29273 YesY
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula H2N2O2
Molar mass 62.03 g mol−1
Appearance colourless solid[1]
Melting point

72-75 °C[1]

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Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Nitramide, H2NNO2, is a chemical compound. Organyl derivatives of nitramide, RNHNO2 are termed nitroamines, and are widely used as explosives: examples include RDX and HMX.

Structure

The nitramide molecule is reported to be non-planar in the gas phase[2], but planar in the crystal phase[1].

Synthesis

Thiele and Lachman's original synthesis of nitramide involved the hydrolysis of potassium nitrocarbamate[1]:

K2(O2NNCO2) + 2H2SO4 → O2NNH2 + CO2 + 2KHSO4

Other routes to nitramide include hydrolysis of nitrocarbamic acid,

O2NNHCO2H → O2NNH2 + CO2

reaction of sodium sulfamate with nitric acid,

Na(SO3NH2) + HNO3 → O2NNH2 + NaHSO4

and reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with two equivalents of ammonia.

N2O5 + 2NH3 → O2NNH2 + NH4NO3

References

  1. ^ a b c d Angelika Häußler, Thomas M. Klapötke, and Holger Piotrowski (2002). "Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Structure of Nitramide H2NNO2". Z. Naturforsch. 57 b: 151–156. http://www.znaturforsch.com/ab/v57b/s57b0151.pdf. 
  2. ^ J. K. Tyler (1963). "Microwave spectrum of nitramide". Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 11 (1-6): 39–46. doi:10.1016/0022-2852(63)90004-3. 



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