Nizhny Tagil

Nizhny Tagil (English) Нижний Тагил (Russian)
-  City[citation needed]  -
Nizhny Tagil Drama Theatre
Location of Sverdlovsk Oblast in Russia
Nizhny Tagil
Coordinates: 57°55′N 59°58′E / 57.917°N 59.967°E / 57.917; 59.967Coordinates: 57°55′N 59°58′E / 57.917°N 59.967°E / 57.917; 59.967
Coat of arms	Flag
Administrative status
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Sverdlovsk Oblast
Municipal status
Urban okrug	Nizhny Tagil Urban Okrug[citation needed]
Mayor[citation needed]	Valentina Issayeva[citation needed]
Representative body	City Duma[citation needed]
Statistics
Area	4,601 km2 (1,776 sq mi)[citation needed]
Population (2010 Census, preliminary)	361,883 inhabitants[1]
- Rank in 2010	48th
Population (2002 Census)	390,498 inhabitants[2]
- Rank in 2002	46th
Density	79 /km2 (200 /sq mi)[3]
Time zone	YEKST (UTC+06:00)[4]
Founded	1722[citation needed]
Dialing code(s)	+7 3435[citation needed]
Official website

The watch tower atop the fox Hill, a symbol of Nizhny Tagil

View of Nizhny Tagil

Alexander Nevsky Cathedral in Nizhny Tagil

First Russian locomotive

Nizhny Tagil Train station

Nizhny Tagil Industry

Nizhny Tagil (Russian: Ни́жний Таги́л) is a city in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, situated 25 kilometers (16 mi) east of the virtual border between Europe and Asia. Population: 361,883 (2010 Census preliminary results);^[1] 390,498 (2002 Census);^[2] 439,521 (1989 Census).^[5]

History

The history of Nizhny Tagil begins with the opening of the Vysokogorsky iron ore quarry in 1696. The deposits were particularly rich, and included lodes of pure magnetic iron. The surrounding landscape provided everything needed for a successful and productive mining and smelting operation — rivers for transport, forests for fuel, and suitable climate.

The city itself was legally founded in October, 1722 among settlements connected to the construction of the Vyysky copper smelting plant, owned by Nikolay Demidov. Over the following decades, the city developed as one of the early centers of Russian industrialization, and it has been a major producer of cast iron and steel.

The first Russian steam locomotive was constructed there in 1833, and the father-and-son engineers who developed it, Ye.A. and M.Ye. Cherepanov (Черепанов), were in 1956 commemorated by an 8m bronze statue (executed by sculptor A.S. Kondratyev and architect A.V. Sotnikov) which stands in the center of the Theatrical Square in the heart of downtown.

Town status was granted to Nizhny Tagil in 1919.

According to some sources, the copper for the skin of the Statue of Liberty was mined and refined in Nizhny Tagil.^[6]

Geography

Rivers and ponds take up one third of the city's territory. Nizhny Tagil spans 22 kilometers (14 mi) from north to south and 21 kilometers (13 mi) from east to west. The city is built around Lisya Mountain extinct volcano. This mountain with a watch-tower on its top is a symbol of the city. Another mountain, Medved-Kamen, is located in the northern part of the city and is 100 meters high. High rock wall breaks into the Tagil River.

The city is divided into three city districts: Leninsky, encompassing the city center and Nizhnetagilsky Pond; Tagilstroyevsky, a comparatively small section at the north part of town; and Dzerzhinsky, a sizable section to the east of the city center principally consisting of apartment buildings and other residences.

In addition, a large portion of the land within the bounds of the city is dominated by the facilities of the various factories located in this industrial city, including those of Oxochem.

The city's climate is temperate continental. The geological structure of the city is very complex. Its altitude varies from 170 to 380 meters. This makes Nizhny Tagil one of the rare natural store-rooms on the Earth. There are many mineral deposits containing 63 elements of the periodic table.

Rail lines and highways connect the city with others in all directions: with Yekaterinburg 130 kilometers (81 mi) to the south, with Serov and Priobye in the north, with Perm in the west, and with Alapayevsk and Verkhnyaya Salda in the east.

The city is served by Salka Airport, located 17 km northeast of the city. It was a military base until 1994 and has now become a civil airport.

Economy

Nizhny Tagil is a large industrial center of the Middle Urals. Such highly power-intensive industries as ferrous metallurgy, engineering, chemistry, and metal working are well-developed in the city. A total of 606 manufacturing companies operate in Nizhny Tagil.^{[citation needed]}

Nizhny Tagil Iron and Steel Plant (Nizhnetagilsky Metallurgichesky Kombinat, NTMK) is a leading Russian steel company.

Uralvagonzavod (UVZ) is well known in Russia as the main producer of modern tanks on the territory of the former Soviet Union. The T-72, T-90, and T-95 are produced in the city.

Culture

Nizhny Tagil is known for its decorative trays.

Demidovs' initiatives in the area of culture had a favorable influence on the development of Tagil community into the Urals' most important cultural center. In the 19th century, a library and the museum of natural history and antiquity were opened.

Nizhny Tagil has a wide network of 28 libraries servicing 75,000 readers every year. Tagil museums include the old regional history museum, the museum of Fine Arts, and a number of new museums opened in the 1990s: the museum of tray painting art, the museum of lifestyle and handicrafts representing the starting point of a new ethnographic complex.

The Demidov Park, a new cultural and historical project, is planned to be built in the city. Nizhny Tagil has been repeatedly chosen to host international Urals' Industrial Heritage conferences and workshops.

Nizhny Tagil theatrical life is represented by three professional theaters: the National D. N. Mamin-Sibiryak Academic Drama Theater, a puppet theater, community theaters, and the actor department of Nizhny Tagil College of Arts, which has been training actors and actresses for Nizhny Tagil and oblast scenes for two years.

A number of famous musicians studied in the Nizhny Tagil College of Arts, including Mikhail Kuritsky, a cellist, and Boris Levantovich, a pianist.

Several Maximum-security prisons surround the town, and most town residents have close connections to them. When prisoners are released from the prisons, they are not given their train fare, and most remain in the town.^[7]

Education

Nizhny Tagil is home of the Nizhny Tagil State Socio-Educational Akademy. The oldest school in Nizhny Tagil. In Nizhny Tagil State socio-educational academy operates 4 institutes, 13 faculties and 29 departments. A post-graduate courses and operates in three fields: general education, the history of pedagogy and education, Russian history, the Russian language.

In art and graphics department 2008 year launched five workshops in which students engage in decorative art. His work, they can provide in a beautiful art gallery. In the Academy has four modern sports hall. Updated large sports hall, which during the summer to build a wall for climbing. Also working gym and shaping room.

Nizhny Tagil is also home to the Nizhny Tagil Technological Institute (Нижнетагильский Технологический Институт) located to the south-east of the city center.

Sports

The city association football team is FC Uralets Nizhny Tagil, which plays in the Russian Second Division, The city ice hockey team is Sputnik Nizhny Tagil, which played in the Russian Major League. The Uralochka Volleyball club have been champion of Russia on 14 occasions. The bandy club Metallurg plays in the 2nd highest division. [1]

Public health

Medical care is provided in 29 medical care centers that employ 1,100 doctors and 4,500 assistants. Annually, up to 100,000 people are hospitalized, 28,000 surgeries are performed, and up to four million appointments are registered in the city medical care centers.

There is a Yekaterinburg branch of eye microsurgery in Nizhny Tagil. Obstetrical care is well developed. There is a network of municipal and private pharmacies. Potential investors can be attracted by the prospects of developing and implementing a program of manufacturing medical tools for traumatology at the Nizhny Tagil medical tools plant.

Expo-Center

Nizhny Tagil is one of centers of exhibition activity in the Middle Urals. Nizhny Tagil Institute of Metals Testing was the host of the international exhibitions such as Ural Expo Arms / Russian Expo Arms, Russian Defense Expo (2001 and 2002).

Well-known personalities

Nizhny Tagil has been connected to the following personalities:

• Boris Brainin, Austrian poet and translator
• Valeri Brainin, poet, musicologist, President (from 2004) of the Russian branch of the International Society for Music Education - a member of UNESCO
• Yefim Cherepanov, inventor and industrial engineer, constructor of the first Russian locomotive
• Miron Cherepanov (a son of Yefim Cherepanov), inventor and industrial engineer, constructor of the first Russian locomotive
• Felix Lembersky, painter
• Valeri Ogorodnikov, film director, Prize "Silver Leopard" at Locarno International Film Festival and State Price of Russian Federation for the film "Barrack", Price of FIPRESCI for the film "Burglar" at Venice Film Festival
• Dmitry Mamin-Sibiryak, novelist and short story writer
• Bulat Okudzhava, poet and chansonnier
• Alexander Radulov, hockey player, winger currently playing for Салават Юлаев (Salavat Yulaev Ufa) of the KHL
• Boris Rauschenbach, physicist and rocket engineer
• Sergei Shepelev, former Soviet national ice hockey team member
• Aron Zinshtein, painter
• Victor Starffin, baseball player
• Michail Kyznecov, champion of rowing slalom
• Dmitry Larionov, champion of rowing slalom
• Konstantin Novoselov, 2010 Nobel Prize winner for his research on Graphene

International relations

Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Russia

Twin towns/sister cities

Nizhny Tagil is twinned with:

• Cheb, Czech Republic
• Brest, Belarus
• Chattanooga, United States
• Novokuznetsk, Russia

Miscellaneous

As of 2006, the city mayor was Nikolay Didenko. As of 2008, the city mayor is Valentina Pavlovna Isaeva.

The 42nd Missile division of Strategic Rocket Forces is based here, equipped with 36 Topol nuclear missiles.

In early 2007, a mass grave with 30 murdered girls and women was found near Nizhny Tagil. They had been abducted in the city by a prostitution gang between 2002 and 2006. See Nizhny Tagil mass murder (2002-2007).

References

1. ^ ^{a b} Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
3. ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
4. ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication).
5. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23. 
6. ^ "Statue of Liberty Made of Russian Copper?". http://www.russianamericanbusiness.org/EN/web_CONTENT/articles/2005.01.20/group_05/2_articl/articl.shtml. 
7. ^ Russia's Sex Slave Graveyard. The Exile. February 2008.

External links

• Official website of Nizhny Tagil (Russian)
• Information and entertainment portal of Nizhny Tagil (Russian)
• Official website of Evraz Group, owner of Nizhnetagilsky Metallurgichesky Kombinat (NTMK) (English)
• Official website of Russian Defense Expo-2005 (Russian)
• Nizhny Tagil for travelers - Sights of Nizhny Tagil
• Recreation and entertainment in Nizhny Tagil (Russian)
• Portal town Nizhny Tagil (Russian)
• Photos of Nizhny Tagil (Russian)
• City portal with social network (Russian)