Crime in Kenya

Nairobi's embassy in the aftermath of the 1998 bombings

There is a high rate of crime in all regions of Kenya, particularly in Nairobi, Mombasa, Kisumu, and coastal beach resorts. There are regular reports of attacks against tourists by groups of armed assailants.^[1] However, the most common crime in Kenya is carjacking so the criminal can commit an armed robbery. "Snatch and run" crimes are becoming more common on city streets.

Carjacking

The most common crime in Kenya is carjacking in order to commit an armed robbery.^[2] In early 2007, two U.S. citizens were killed and one critically injured in two separate carjacking incidents.^[1] Nairobi averages about ten vehicle hijackings per day and Kenyan authorities have limited capacity to deter and investigate such acts.^[1] Matatus (public transportation) tend to be targeted since they carry up to 14 passengers.^[1] Although these attacks are often violent, victims are generally not injured if they do not resist.^[1] However, victims are sometimes tied up and put in the back seat or trunk of their own car.^[2] Criminals who commit these crimes will not hesitate to shoot a victim who is the least bit uncooperative or who may appear to hesitate before complying with their assailant.^[2]

Theft and banditry

Pickpockets and thieves carry out "snatch and run" crimes on city streets and near crowds.^[1] There have been reports of safes being stolen from hotel rooms and hotel desk staff being forced to open safes.^[1]

Thieves routinely snatch jewelry and other objects from open vehicle windows while motorists are either stopped at traffic lights or in heavy traffic.^[1] Thieves on matatus, buses and trains may steal valuables from inattentive passengers.^[1] Many scams, perpetrated against unsuspecting tourists, are prevalent in and around the city of Nairobi.^[1] Many of these involve people impersonating police officers and using fake police ID badges and other credentials.^[1] Nevertheless, police checkpoints are common in Kenya and all vehicles are required to stop if directed to do so.^[1]

Highway banditry is common in much of North Eastern Province, Eastern Province, the northern part of Coast Province, and the northern part of the Rift Valley Province.^[1] These areas are remote and sparsely populated.^[1] Incidents also occur occasionally on Kenya's main highways, particularly after dark.^[1]

There has been an increase in armed banditry in or near many of Kenya’s national parks and game reserves, particularly the Samburu, Leshaba, and Masai Mara game reserves.^[1] In response, the Kenya Wildlife Service and police have taken some steps to strengthen security in the affected areas, but the problem has not been eliminated.^[1] Travelers who do not use the services of reputable travel firms or knowledgeable guides or drivers are especially at risk.^[1]

Political crime

While Kenya is generally a peaceful and friendly country in terms of political activism, but it is common during elections, referendums and other political votes for campaign violence to occur around the country^[2] and ethnic clashes account for much of Kenya's problems.^[3] A early example of this was during the 1990s, when tribal clashes killed thousands and left tens of thousands homeless, which allowed Daniel arap Moi to be reelectedin balloting, according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, "marred by violence and fraud."^[3] Since 29 December 2007, the day after Kenya’s National Parliamentary and residential elections, violence erupted in major cities cross Kenya, including Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kisumu.^[2] Clashes were reported throughout Kenya, which resulted in the deaths of over 600 Kenyans.^[2] None of these incidents were targeted against the expatriate community.^{[2] [4]}

In the Corruption Perceptions Index 2007, Kenya was ranked 150th out of 179 countries for corruption (least corrupt countries are at the top of the list).^[5] On a scale of 0 to 10 with 0 the most corrupt and 10 the most transparent, Transparency International rated Kenya 2.1.^[5]

Terrorism

Terrorism is somewhat common on Kenya's border with Somalia as certain religious fundamentalists travel between Somalia and Kenya.^[2] At least one al-Qaeda cell was believed to operate within Somalia, and may continue such operations and planning.^[2] Several persons (possibly tied to al-Qaida) suspected of involvement with the 1998 East Africa Embassy attacks and the 2002 Kikambala attacks in Mombasa remain at large and potentially dangerous to tourists and Kenyans.^{[2] [6]}

Drug abuse

Drug abuse has become a major issue in Kenya, especially in Mombasa which is affected by this issue more than any other part of the country. Young men in their early 20s have been the most affected demographic. Women in Mombasa have held public protests, asking the government to move quickly to arrest young people using narcotics. In Mombasa and Kilindini, there are approximately 40 maskani (meaning "places" in Swahili) where drug abusers meet to share drugs. Bhang smoking has until recently been the drug of choice, but heroin injection is becoming increasingly popular. 70 percent of drug abusers have admitted that they are using heroin.

In addition to drug abuse, the trafficking of illegal drugs in the country has become a major issue as well. An estimated 100 million dollars is trafficked within the country each year.^[7]

See also

• Cattle raiding in Kenya
• Mungiki
• Corruption in Kenya

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r} Consular Information Sheet: Kenya Bureau of Consular Affairs
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j} Kenya 2008 Crime & Safety Report Overseas Security Advisory Council
3. ^ ^{a b} Kenya: Country Profile United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
4. ^ "Crime and Development in Kenya". http://www.studentpulse.com/articles/278/crime-and-development-in-kenya-emerging-trends-and-the-transnational-implications-of-political-economic-and-social-instability. 
5. ^ ^{a b} Corruption Perceptions Index 2007 Transparency International
6. ^ "United States Aid to Kenya: Regional Security and Counterterrorism Before and After 9/11". http://www.studentpulse.com/articles/393/united-states-aid-to-kenya-regional-security-and-counterterrorism-assistance-before-and-after-911-. 
7. ^ "Kenya Black Markets-Havocscope". http://www.havocscope.com/regions-main/africa/kenya/.