Mudanjiang

For other uses, see Mudanjiang (disambiguation).

Mudanjiang 牡丹江
—  Prefecture-level city  —
牡丹江市
Mudanjiang City (red) in Heilongjiang province (orange) and China
Mudanjiang Location of the city centre in Heilongjiang
Coordinates: 44°33′N 129°38′E / 44.55°N 129.633°E / 44.55; 129.633Coordinates: 44°33′N 129°38′E / 44.55°N 129.633°E / 44.55; 129.633
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Heilongjiang
Area
– Prefecture-level city	40,435 km2 (15,612 sq mi)
– Urban	1,608 km2 (620.9 sq mi)
– Metro	1,608 km2 (620.9 sq mi)
Elevation	233 m (764 ft)
Population (2010 census)
– Prefecture-level city	2,798,723
– Density	69.2/km2 (179.3/sq mi)
– Urban	805,584
– Urban density	501/km2 (1,297.5/sq mi)
– Metro	805,584
Time zone	China standard time (UTC+8)
Licence plates	黑C

Mudanjiang (Chinese: 牡丹江; pinyin: Mǔdānjiāng; Manchu: Mudan bira ᠮᡠᡩ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᡳᡵᠠ) is a prefecture-level city in Heilongjiang province of the People's Republic of China. The administrative seat of the prefecture resides in Mudanjiang City. It was called Botankou when it was under Japanese occuption. It serves as a regional communications hub with a railway junction and an international airport connecting with several major Chinese cities as well as Seoul, Korea. Mudanjiang is also an important border city, located only 248 km from Vladivostok, Russia. In 2007 Mudanjiang had a GDP of RMB 42.1 billion with a 13.3% growth rate.

Its population is 2,798,723 at the 2010 census whom 805,584 live in the built up area made of 4 urban districts.

Administrative divisions

#	Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2003 est.)	Area (km²)	Density (/km²)
1	Aimin District	爱民区	Àimín Qū	230,000	359	641
2	Dong'an District	东安区	Dōng'ān Qū	180,000	566	318
3	Yangming District	阳明区	Yángmíng Qū	160,000	358	447
4	Xi'an District	西安区	Xī'ān Qū	210,000	325	646
5	Muling City	穆棱市	Mùlíng Shì	330,000	6,094	54
6	Suifenhe City	绥芬河市	Suífēnhé Shi	60,000	427	141
7	Hailin City	海林市	Hǎilín Shì	440,000	9,877	45
8	Ning'an City	宁安市	Níng'ān Shì	440,000	7,870	56
9	Dongning County	东宁县	Dōngníng Xiàn	210,000	7,368	29
10	Linkou County	林口县	Línkǒu Xiàn	450,000	7,191	63

Geography

Mudanjiang
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     4.7   −11 −23     5.5   −5 −18     11   3 −9     26   14 0     54   21 7     91   25 14     121   28 18     109   27 17     60   21 9     35   13 0     13   1 −10     7.9   −8 −19 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm Source: CMA [1]
Imperial conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     0.2   13 −9     0.2   22 −1     0.4   38 16     1   57 33     2.1   70 45     3.6   77 56     4.8   82 64     4.3   80 62     2.4   70 48     1.4   55 32     0.5   34 15     0.3   18 −2 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches

Mudanjiang is located in southeastern Heilongjiang province, and is also the province's southernmost prefecture. Neighbouring prefectures are:

• Jixi (E)
• Yanbian, Jilin (S)
• Harbin (W)
• Qitaihe (N)

It also borders Russia's Primorsky Krai to the east. The average elevation in the prefecture is 230 metres (755 ft), with the terrain primarily consisting of mountains and hills. The east of the prefecture begins to ascend to the Changbai Mountains, while the central parts belong to the Hegu Basin. The lowest part of the prefecture is Suifenhe City, bordering Russia, at a minimum elevation of 86.5 metres (283.8 ft), while the highest point is Zhangguangcai, at 1,686.9 metres (5,534 ft).

Under the Köppen climate classification, Mudanjiang features a monsoon-influenced, humid continental climate (Dwa) with hot, humid summers and very cold winters. Its winters are dry and bitterly cold, with a 24-hour average in January of only −17.3 °C (0.9 °F), yet the city see little precipitation during this season and is often sunny. Moreover, winter temperatures are far warmer than much of the rest of the province, and the city's basin location helps protect it from biting winds. Summers can be hot, with a July mean temperature of 22.3 °C (72.1 °F). Summer is also when most of the year's rainfall occurs. Spring and autumn constitute brief transition periods with variable wind directions.

Climate data for Mudanjiang City (1971−2000)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)	−10.5 (13.1)	−5.4 (22.3)	3.2 (37.8)	13.7 (56.7)	20.9 (69.6)	25.2 (77.4)	27.9 (82.2)	26.6 (79.9)	21.0 (69.8)	12.6 (54.7)	1.1 (34.0)	−8 (18)	10.7
Average low °C (°F)	−22.6 (−8.7)	−18.4 (−1.1)	−9 (16)	0.4 (32.7)	7.3 (45.1)	13.6 (56.5)	17.6 (63.7)	16.5 (61.7)	8.7 (47.7)	0.0 (32.0)	−9.7 (14.5)	−18.8 (−1.8)	−1.2
Precipitation mm (inches)	4.7 (0.185)	5.5 (0.217)	10.5 (0.413)	25.6 (1.008)	53.8 (2.118)	90.6 (3.567)	121.4 (4.78)	108.9 (4.287)	59.7 (2.35)	35.2 (1.386)	13.2 (0.52)	7.9 (0.311)	537.0 (21.142)
% humidity	69	64	55	53	56	69	75	77	73	65	65	70	65.9
Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm)	5.0	5.5	6.5	8.5	12.9	15.9	14.8	13.9	11.0	8.5	6.8	5.8	115.1
Sunshine hours	162.4	180.2	228.4	218.2	237.3	221.1	215.8	208.3	206.6	195.6	156.8	136.8	2,367.5
Source: China Meteorological Administration [1]

Tourism

Named after the Mudan River, the region's premier tourist attraction is Jingpo Lake famous for its craggy limestone cliffs (similar to those of Guilin) and its turquoise waters containing Ericton fish and fresh water coral. Jingbo Lake is the only lava-dammed lake caused by volcanic eruption in China. Other sites include the National Forest Park and the Skee Field by Mudan Mountain, and the Breeding Center for the Siberian Tiger. Besides lamb hotpot, fish feast and gluten cake, the best local dishes also include hazel mushrooms and venison. Most of them are derived from Northeast China or Korean culinary styles. The fish feast and the stewed dishes are among the most famous delights.^[2]

• 

  Walking along the Mudanjiang river

• 

  Monument to the women fallen in war

• 

  The main street of the city

• 

  Panoramic view on the river]]

References

1. ^ ^{a b} "中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）" (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/shuju/index3.jsp?tpcat=SURF&dsid=SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MMON_19712000_CES&pageid=3. Retrieved 2010-11-20. 
2. ^ Profiles of China Provinces, Cities and Industrial Parks

External links

• http://ch-info.erina.or.jp/English/He/Mudan/mudanjiang.htm
• http://www.china.org.cn/english/travel/50995.htm
• http://wikitravel.org/en/Mudanjiang