Stolberg-Wernigerode

County of Stolberg-Wernigerode Grafschaft Stolberg-Wernigerode
State of the Holy Roman Empire (until 1806)
← 1645–1807 →
Coat of arms
Capital	Wernigerode
Government	County
Historical era	Middle Ages
- Wernigerode inherited by     counts of Stolberg	1429
- Partitioned from      Stolberg-Stolberg	1645
- Partitioned to create      Stolberg-Gedern	1677
- Under Vogterei of      Prussia	1714
- Acquired      Stolberg-Schwarza	1748
- Reacquired      Stolberg-Gedern	1804
- Mediatised to Westphalia	1807
- Awarded to Prussia	1815

The Principality of Stolberg-Wernigerode (German: Fürstentum und Grafschaft Stolberg-Wernigerode) was a county of the Holy Roman Empire located in the Harz region around Wernigerode, now part of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

History

The Counts of Wernigerode had become extinct in 1429 and their lands were inherited through Salic law by the Counts of Stolberg, sovereign counts of the Empire since the early 11th century. On 31 May 1645 the Harz line of Stolberg-Stolberg was divided between a senior Stolberg-Wernigerode line and a junior Stolberg-Stolberg line. Because Wernigerode was heavily damaged by the Thirty Years' War, the counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode also resided in the castle of Ilsenburg.

Wernigerode Castle

The town of Gedern in Hesse, acquired in 1535, became the seat of the cadet branch of Stolberg-Gedern in 1677. This junior line, raised to an imperial principality by Emperor Charles VII of Wittelsbach in 1742, was reacquired by Stolberg-Wernigerode in 1804. The Wernigerode line also re-acquired Stolberg-Schwarza on 14 September 1748.

In 1714, Count Christian Ernest surrendered his military and the fiscal independence of Stolberg-Wernigerode to King Frederick William I of Prussia, although he still maintained subordinated rule over his territories as a count. The county was mediatised in 1807 and made part of the Kingdom of Westphalia. In the 1815 Congress of Vienna, Stolberg-Wernigerode was granted to Prussia, although successive counts retained sovereign rights until 1876. The territory was incorporated into the Prussian Province of Saxony in 1815.

The Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode were considered Reichsfrei. The children of Fürsten, Fürstin and Erbprinzen (Prince and Princess) zu Stolberg-Wernigerode bore the title Prince(ss) zu Stolberg-Wernigerode and were styled Serene Highness. Other members of this line bore the equal title Graf/Gräfin zu Stolberg-Wernigerode (not to confound with ordinary Counts), styled Illustrious Highness.

Counts of Stolberg-Wernigerode

• Henry Ernest 1645-1672
• Ernest, son 1672-1710
• Christian Ernest, nephew 1710-1771
• Henry Ernest, son 1771-1778
• Christian Frederick, son 1778-1824
• Henry, son 1824-1854
• Otto, grandson, 1854–1896, German Vice-Chancellor of Germany, Prince fom 1890

See also

• House of Stolberg

References

• Köbler, Gerhard (1988). Historisches Lexikon der deutschen Länder. Munich: Verlag C. H. Beck. p. 639. ISBN 3406332900.  (German)
• Schwineköper, Berent (1987). Handbuch der historischen Stätten Deutschlands, Band 11, Provinz Sachsen/Anhalt. Stuttgart: Alfred Kröner Verlag. p. 644. ISBN 3-520-31402-9.  (German)