Landgraviate of Hesse

Infobox Former Country
native_name = "Landgrafschaft Hessen"
conventional_long_name = Landgraviate of Hesse
common_name = Hesse
continent = Europe
region = Central Europe
country = Germany
era = Middle Ages, Reformation
status = Vassal
empire = Holy Roman Empire
government_type = Monarchy
year_start = 1264
year_end = 1567
event_start = Partitioned from Thuringia
date_start =
event1 = Partitioned in twain
date_event1 = 1458–1500
event_end = Partitioned in four
date_end =
p1 = Thuringia
image_p1 =
s1 = Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel)
flag_s1 = Flag of Hesse.svg
s2 = Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt
flag_s2 = Flag of Hesse.svg
s3 = Hesse-Marburg
flag_s3 = Flag of Hesse.svg
s4 = Hesse-Rheinfels
flag_s4 = Flag of Hesse.svg

---

---

image_map_caption =
capital = Kassel, Marburg
leader1 = Henry I "the Child"
leader2 = Philip I "the Magnanimous"
year_leader1 = 1264–1308
year_leader2 = 1509–1567
title_leader = LandgraveThe Landgraviate of Hesse ( _de. Landgrafschaft Hessen) was a Landgraviate of the Holy Roman Empire. It existed as a unity from 1264 to 1567, when it was divided between the sons of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse.

History

In the early Middle Ages Hesse had been part of the landgraviate of Thuringia, but following the War of Thuringian Succession it was inherited by the younger son of Henry II, Duke of Brabant. Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse, also called "Henry the Child", became the first Landgrave of Hesse in 1246.

Between 1458 and 1500 the landgraviate was divided in Upper Hesse and Lower Hesse.

The Landgraviate rose to primary importance under Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse also called "Philip the Magnanimous" who embraced Protestantism in 1524 and thereafter took steps to create a protective alliance of Protestant princes and powers.

Upon the death of Philip I in 1567, the Landgraviate was divided between his sons from his first marriage into the:

* Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) (later electorate of Hesse, 1567–1806 and 1813–66, incorporated in the kingdom of Prussia): William IV of Hesse
* Landgraviate of Hesse-Marburg (1567–1650, incorporated in the landgraviates of Hesse-Kassel and Hesse-Darmstadt): Louis IV of Hesse
* Landgraviate of Hesse-Rheinfels (1567–83, incorporated in the landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel): Philip II of Hesse
* Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt (1567–1806, later Grand Duchy of Hesse and the Rhine 1806–1918, incorporated in the Weimar Republic): Georg of Hesse

ee also

* Rulers of Hesse

External links

* [http://www.philipp-von-hessen.de/bilder/presse/philipps_hessen.jpgMap of the Landgraviate of Hesse under Philip I the Magnanimous]